Prasanna

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Guide Pdf Term 3 Prose Chapter 3 The Struggling Star Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Solutions Term 3 Prose Chapter 3 The Struggling Star

4th English Guide The Struggling Star Text Book Back Questions and Answers

A. Choose the best answer.

Question 1.
Kartik is ___________
(a) Deaf
(a) Blind
(c) Dumb
Answer:
(b) blind

Question 2.
The Delhi government did not allow blind children to study science after ___________
(a) 8th standard
(b) 10th standard
(c) 12th standard
Answer:
(b) 10th standard

Question 3.
Finally, ___________ he got permission to study Science.
(a) After 11 months
(b) After 7 months
(c) After 9 months
Answer:
(c) After 9 months

Question 4.
He got an admission to study at Stanford University ___________
(a) In the USA
(b) In the UK .
(c) In Russia
Answer:
(a) In the USA

B. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What subject did he like the most?
Answer:
He liked science the most.

Question 2.
How many marks did he score in his 12th board exam?
Answer:
He got more than 95% in his 12th board exam.

Question 3.
What was his dream?
Answer:
His dream was to study in an IIT.

Question 4.
Is there something that you will struggle for? why?
Answer:
I will struggle for the disabled to get a chance to study. Because they have the right to learn.

Question 5.
What was Farhan’s father advice to his son?
Answer:
Farhan’s father advises that, if we work hard, there will always be support for us.

I. Match the word with its meaning.

Question 1.
Potential – desire
Answer:
Potential – ability

Question 2.
Permission – ability
Answer:
permission – approval

Question 3.
passion – approval
Answer:
passion – desire

II. Link the correct opposites.

Question 1.
Remember × dull
Answer:
Remember × forget

Question 2.
bright × bad
Answer:
Bright × dull

Question 3.
good × forget
Answer:
good × bad

III. Fill in the blanks.

1. Kartik studied in ____________ public school..
Answer:
Delhi

Question 2.
He refused to let his ___________ come in his way.
Answer:
Disability

Question 3.
His love for ____________ helped him get more than 95% in his 12th board exam.
Answer:
Science

Question 4.
He will try to make sure that all the ____________ crore people reach their full potential.
Answer:
130

IV. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What is young leaders award?
Answer:
It is an award given to 17 people from around the world every year. It recognises the effort taken by them to make the world a better place.

Question 2.
Who is Kartik?
Answer:
Kartik is a blind technologist who has empowered many other people with disabilities to be successful IT engineers.

Question 3.
What is Farhan’s father’s opinion about ‘change’?
Answer:
Farhan’s father feels that change takes time. We should take work hard and be patient if we want to see change happen around us.

A. Match the masculine noun with the feminine noun.

Question 1.
Son – princess
Answer:
Son – daughter

Question 2.
Tiger – heroine
Answer:
Tiger – tigress

Question 3.
King – daughter
Answer:
King – queen

Question 4.
Prince – queen
Answer:
Prince – princess

Question 5.
Hero – tigress
Answer:
Hero – heroine

B. Change the masculine noun to feminine noun in the given sentences.

Question 1.
My uncle presented me a watch. __________
Answer:
Aunty

Question 2.
A young man was driving the car. _____________
Answer:
Woman

Question 3.
May I come in sir? _____________
Answer:
Madam

Question 4.
The waiter took the order. ____________
Answer:
Waitress

Question 5.
The rooster scratched the earth for worms. ____________
Answer:
Hen

C. Complete each sentence by using the following words.

Question 1.
Farmer John has four cows and two ____________.
Answer:
Bulls

Question 2.
The bridegroom and the ____________ entered the hall.
Answer:
Bride

Question 3.
The ___________ and queen attended the court.
Answer:
King

Question 4.
Charles greeted his ___________ and aunt.
Answer:
Uncle

Question 5.
I played with my nephew and ___________
Answer:
Niece

Match the Masculine noun with the Feminine noun.

Question 1.
poet – lady.
Answer:
poet – poetess

Question 2.
host – wife
Answer:
host – hostess

Question 3.
Husband – hostess
Answer:
Husband – wife

Question 4.
Gentleman – poetess
Answer:
Gentleman – lady

Question 5.
monk – spinster
Answer:
monk – nun

Question 6.
wizard – headmistress
Answer:
Wizard – witch

Question 7.
Bachelor – witch
Answer:
Bachelor – spinster

Question 8.
Headmaster – nun
Answer:
Headmaster – headmistress

The Struggling Star Summary in English and Tamil

Farhan and his father are reading the newspaper the favourite part of his morning. He gets up, brushes his teeth, drinks his milk and sits with his father to read the news every day.

தனக்கு மிகவும் பிடித்த ஒன்றான காலையில் நாளிதழ் வாசிக்கும் செயலை, பர்ஹான் தன் தந்தையுடன்செய்து கொண்டிருந்தான். அவன் தினமும் காலையில் எழுந்து, பல்துலக்கி, பால் குடித்துவிட்டு தன் தந்தையாருடன் அமர்ந்து கொண்டு செய்திகளை வாசிப்பான்.

Farhan: Abbu, what is this y-o-u-n-9 leaders award? Father: It is young leaders award. It is given to only 17 people from around the world every year. It recognises the effort they have taken to make the world a better place.

பர்ஹான் : அப்பு, இந்த இளம் தலைவர்கள் விருது என்றால் என்ன?, தந்தையார் : இது இளம் தலைவர்களுக்கானவிருதாகும். இது உலகம் முழுவதும் உள்ள, மொத்தமே 17 பேருக்கு தான் ஒவ்வொரு வருடமும் வழங்கப்படுகிறது. உலகை ஒரு நல்ல வாழ்விடமாக மாற்றுவதற்காக அவர்கள் எடுத்த முயற்சிக்கான அங்கீகாரமே இந்த விருதாகும்.

Farhan: Wow! Only 17? I am so proud that an Indian has got this award. Father: Do you know why he got it? Farhan: No, can you please tell me? Father: I am happy that you asked. It is very important to not only be proud when we see or hear such news. We should also… Farhan: Learn from it! Yes, Abbu I remember this. Father: Very good! Kartik is a technologist who has not let his disability stop him from learning. Not only that, he has empowered other people with disabilities to be successful IT engineers.

பர்ஹான் : வாவ்! வெறும் 17 பேர் தானா? ஓர் இந்தியருக்கு இந்த விருது கிடைத்தது எனக்குபெருமிதமாக உள்ளது. தந்தை : அவருக்கு எதற்கு அது அளிக்கப்பட்டதென தெரியுமா? பர்ஹான் : தெரியாது, எதற்கு என எனக்கு தயவு செய்து கூற முடியுமா?தந்தை : நீ கேட்டது எனக்கு சந்தோஷமாக உள்ளது.இதில் முக்கியமானதென்னவென்றால், – இம்மாதிரி செய்திகளை பார்ப்பதோ கேட்பதோ முக்கியமல்ல, நாம்…. பர்ஹான் : இதிலிருந்து கற்றுக்கொள்ள வேண்டும்.ஆம் அப்பு, நான் இதை நினைவில் கொண்டுள்ளேன். 95 தந்தை : மிக நன்று. கார்த்திக் ஒரு தொழிநுட்ப நிபுணர். அவர் தன்னுடைய உடல் குறைபாடு, தான் கல்வி பயிலுவதை தடுக்க அனுமதிக்கவில்லை . அதுமட்டுமல்ல, இது போல் உடற்குறைபாடுகள் உள்ள மற்றோரையும் வெற்றிகரமான தகவல் தொழில்நுட்ப பொறியாளர்களாக மாற்றியுள்ளார்.

Farhan: What disability?Father: Kartik is blind. Let me tell you the story of his childhood. Kartik studied in Delhi Public School in New Delhi. He was a smart and bright student. Kartik did well in all subjects but he liked science the most. Everything was good for Kartik till his 10th standard After scorina full marks in 10th standard public exam, Kartik wanted to study Science in 11th and 12th standard.

பர்ஹான் : உடற்குறைபாடு என்றால் என்ன? தந்தை : கார்த்திக் கண் பார்வை அற்றவர். அவருடைய கதையை நான் உனக்கு கூறுகிறேன். டெல்லி பப்ளிக்பள்ளியில் படித்த அவர் ஒரு சாமர்த்தியமான, சிறந்த மாணவர். கார்த்திக் எல்லா பாடங்களிலும் சிறப்பாக தேர்ந்திருந்தாலும், அவருக்கு அறிவியல் தான் மிகவும் பிடிக்கும். பத்தாம் வகுப்பு பயிலும் வரை கார்த்திக்குக்கு அனைத்தும் சிறப்பாக இருந்தது. பத்தாம் வகுப்பிற்கான பொதுத் ‘ தேர்வில் முழு மதிப்பெண்கள் எடுத்ததும், கார்த்திக் அறிவியல் பாடமாகக் கொண்டு 11 மற்றும் 12ம் வகுப்பு படிக்க எண்ணினார்

Farhan: I am sure, he got it. He got full marks in 10th exams! Father: No. Actually, the government rule in Delhi did not allow blind children to study science after 10th standard. Farhan: I do not think that’s fair. Everyone should be able to study what they like! Father: This is what Kartik also felt. He loved Science, and he wanted to study that. He refused to let his disability come in the way: He challenged the government and held campaigns to get permission. Finally, after nine months, he get permission to study science. Not only that, he made sure that all blind students have permission to study Science if they want!

பர்ஹான் : அவருக்கு அது நிச்சயம் கிடைத்திருக்கும்.ஏனெனில் அவர் 10ம் வகுப்பு தேர்வுகளில் முழு மதிப்பெண்களை பெற்றிருந்தாரே!தந்தை : இல்லை . ஏனெனில் தில்லியில் உள்ள அரசு விதிப்படி, பார்வை இழந்த மாணவர்கள் பத்தாம்வகுப்பிற்கு பிறகு அறிவியல் பயில இயலாது. பர்ஹான் : இது சரியல்ல என்று நான் எண்ணுகிறேன். தான் விரும்புவதை படிக்க அனைவராலும் இயலவேண்டும். தந்தை : இதையேதான் கார்த்திக்கும் நினைத்தார். அவருக்கு அறிவியல் படிக்க விருப்பம் இருந்ததால், அதை பயில அவர் விரும்பினார். அதற்கு தன் உடற்குறைபாடு குறுக்கிடுவதை அவர் விரும்பவில்லை.அனுமதி பெறுவதற்காக அவர் அரசை எதிர்த்து பல பிரசார கூட்டங்களை நடத்தினார். முடிவில் ஒன்பது மாதங்களுக்குப் பிறகு அறிவியல் பயில அவருக்கு அனுமதி கிட்டியது. அது மட்டுமல்ல, மற்ற பார்வையற்ற மாணவர்களும் விரும்பும் பட்சத்தில் அறிவியல்பயிலுவதை அவர் உறுதிப்படுத்தினார்.

Farhan: Wow! 9 months is so long! I am sure I would have given up. Father: Change takes time Farhan. We should take work hard and be patient if we want to see change happen around us. Like Kartik was the first blind student in India to study Science. Farhan: What did Kartik do after that? Father: Kartik’s dream and passion were never limited. His love for Science helped him get more than 95% in his 12th board exam. His dream was to study in an IIT. IIT is one of the best colleges in our country! Farhan: I want to study in IIT too!

பர்ஹான் : வாவ்! ஒன்பது மாதங்களுக்கு பிறகா! நானாக இருந்தால் கைவிட்டிருப்பேன்!தந்தை : மாறுதலுக்கு காலம் தேவைப்படும் பர்ஹான். எவ்வாறு கார்த்திக் இந்தியாவில் அறிவியல் பயின்ற முதல் பார்வையற்ற மாணவராய் ஆனாரோ, அதே போல நம்மை சுற்றி மாற்றம்ஏற்படுவதைகாண வேண்டுமென்றால், அதற்கு நாம் கடுமையானஉழைப்புடன், பொறுமையோடும் இருக்க வேண்டும். பர்ஹான் : அதன் பிறகு கார்த்திக் என்ன செய்தார்? தந்தை : கார்த்திக்கின் கனவும், விருப்பமும் அளவிலடங்காதவை. அறிவியலின் மீதான அவரது விருப்பம் 12ம் வகுப்பு தேர்வில் அவரை 95% மதிப்பெண்க ளுக்கும் மேல் பெற வைத்தது. ஐஐடியில் படிப்பது அவருடைய கனவாக இருந்தது. ஐஐடி நாட்டின்தலைசிறந்த கல்லூரிகளில் ஒன்றாகும். பர்ஹான் : நானும் ஐஐடியில் பயில விரும்புகிறேன்.

Father: Good! But only if you want to study Science. Every subject has different best colleges. We will talk about that some other day. So, as I was saying, he wanted to study in the IIT But, none of the sixteen IITs in India enrolled him.

தந்தை : நல்லது. ஆனால் அது நீ அறிவியல் பயில் விரும்பினால் மட்டுமே! ஒவ்வொரு பாடத்திற்கும் பலசிறந்த கல்லூரிகள் உள்ளன. அதைப் பற்றி நாம் வேறொரு நாள் பேசுவோம். எனவே, நான் கூறியது போல, அவர் ஐஐடியில் படிக்க விரும்பினார், ஆனால் நாட்டில் உள்ள 16 ஐஐடிகளில் எதுவும் அவரை சேர்த்துக் கொள்ளவில்லை .

Farhan: What? Again? Father: Yes, Kartik was sincere and learned well. He was also very good at Science. But our colleges did not recognise his talent and treated him unfairly.

பர்ஹான் : ஏன்? மறுபடியுமா? தந்தை : ஆம், கார்த்திக் உண்மையானவராகவும்நன்கு பயில்பவராகவும் இருந்தார். அவர் அறிவியலில் மிகச் சிறந்தவர். ஆனாலும் நம் கல்லூரிகள் அவரது திறமையை அங்கீகரிக்காமல், அவரை நியாயமின்றி நடத்தின.

Farhan: Then? Did he change their mind Father: Yes, he did! After many months too? he made the colleges open their doors to blind students. This helped nearly 15 blind students to study engineering in these colleges. I Farhan: He must be a strong person. Father: Yes, he is strong. He is strong in his beliefs and learnings. He is strong in the effort he puts. What do you think he did after that? Farhan: He must have studied in the IIT. Father: No, he did not. He got an admission to study at Stanford University in the USA. It is one of the best colleges in the world. He went there and studied computers. Farhan: Amazing!

பர்ஹான் : பிறகு? அவர் அவர்களின் மனதையும் மாற்றிவிட்டாரா? தந்தை : ஆம், அவர்களின் மனதையும் மாற்றிவிட்டார்.பல மாதங்களுக்கு பிறகு கல்லூரிகள் பார்வையற்ற மாணவர்களுக்கும் தங்கள் கதவுகளை திறக்க அனுமதி பெற்றார். இதன்மூலம் சுமார் 15 பார்வையற்ற மாணவர்கள் பொறியியல் படிக்இணைந்தனர். பர்ஹான் : அவர் மிகவும் உறுதியான மனிதராக இருக்க வேண்டும்.  தந்தை : ஆம்! அவர் வலிமையானவர் தான். அவர்தனது நம்பிக்கைகளிலும், அறியும் திறனிலும் உறுதியானவராய் இருந்தார். தான் எடுக்கும் முயற்சிகளில் அவர் உறுதியானவராய் இருந்தார். இதன் பிறகு அவர் என்ன செய்தாரென்று தெரியுமா? பர்ஹான் : அவர் ஐஐடில் பயின்றிருப்பார்! தந்தை : இல்லை , அவர் அவ்வாறு செய்யவில்லை.அமெரிக்காவில் உள்ள ஸ்டேன்போர்ட் பல்கலை கழகத்தில் பயில்வதற்கு அவருக்கு அனுமதி கிடைத்தது. உலகின் சிறந்த கல்லூரிகளில் அதுவும் ஒன்றாகும்.அங்கு அவர் சென்று கணினி படிப்பை படித்தார். பர்ஹான் : அற்புதம்!

Father: He also started two more companies that aim at helping children with disabilities reach their full potential. He believes that education and technology are important to ensure children learn and sustain themselves. He says that he will try for many more months and years to come to make sure that all the 130 crore people reach their full potential. Farhan: He is inspiring. I will also work hard and achieve my dreams, even if I don’t always have the support I need Father: Very good! If we work hard, there will always be support for us. Sometimes the support comes from outside, but many times it comes from within us. Now, go get ready. It is time to go to school. Farhan: Yes Abbu.

தந்தை : ஊனமுற்ற, குறைபாடுள்ள குழந்தைகள் தங்களுடைய முழு திறமை (சாதனை) களைஅடைய உதவுவதற்காக இரண்டு நிறுவனங்களைத் துவங்கினார். கல்வி, தொழில்நுட்பம் ஆகிய இரண்டுமே, குழந்தைகள் பயின்று தங்களை நிலைநிறுத்திக் கொள்ள முக்கியமானவையாகும் என அவர்நம்பினார். பல மாதங்களும், வருடங்களும் உழைத்து 130 கோடி மக்களும் தங்கள் முழு திறனை அடைவதனை உறுதிசெய்ய தாம் முயலப் போவதாகவும் அவர் தெரிவித்தார். மனிதராக உள்ளார். நானும் கடுமையாய் உழைத்து என் கனவுகளை, ஆதரவு இல்லாவிட்டாலும்கூட தந்தை : மிகவும் நல்லது. நாம் கடுமையாய்உழைத்தால் நமக்கு எப்போதும் ஆதரவு கிட்டும். சில 12 நேரங்களில் அது வெளியிலிருந்து வரும், ஆனால் பல நேரங்களில் நம் உள்ளிருந்தே வரும். இப்போது பள்ளி செல்லும் நேரமாகிவிட்டதால், தயாராகு. பர்ஹான் : சரி, அப்பா .

The Struggling Star Glossary

Campaigns – activities for some specific purpose
Disability – handicap
Empowered – to give the authority or power
Ensure – to make sure
Enrolled – to be listed
Favourite – most liked
Inspiring – to influence/attract
Potential – talent / ability
Permission – approval
Passion – desire
Recognize – to know/ accept someone or something
Sustain – keep going
Successful – victorious
Sincere – honest
Unfairly – unjust

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Guide Pdf Term 3 Prose Chapter 2 Bala Spins Magic Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Solutions Term 3 Prose Chapter 2 Bala Spins Magic

4th English Guide Bala Spins Magic Text Book Back Questions and Answers

A. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
Appa weaves beautiful sarees with _______________
Answer:
Checks or patterns

Question 2.
____________ had made Math easy for Bala.
Answer:
Veera thatha

Question 3.
Nithin had many ___________ toys.
Answer:
Electrical

Question 4.
Bala’s home doesn’t have ___________
Answer:
Electricity

Question 5.
Nithin’s mom said that Bala’s father is a _____________
Answer:
Weaving

B. Answer the questions.

Question 1.
What did Bala want to learn?
Answer:
Bala wanted to learn more about things related to their weaving profession.

Question 2.
How did Bala help Amma and sisters?
Answer:
Bala helped his Amma and sisters to roll, press and pack the sarees.

Question 3.
Why did Bala go to Chennai with his father?
Answer:
Bala went to Chennai with his father to help him carry the sarees.

Question 4.
What did Bala teach Nithin?
Answer:
Bala taught Nithin to spin the cotton yarn.

Question 5.
What would you like to learn in school? why?
Answer:
Apart from academics, I would like to learn drawing and painting in school. Because it will relax our mind.

I. Match the word with its meaning.

Question 1.
Quiet – packages
Answer:
Quiet – calm

Question 2.
Rich – calm
Answer:
Rich – wealthy

Question 3.
Bundles – wealthy
Answer:
Bundles – packages

II. Link the correct opposites.

Question 1.
long × after
Answer:
long × short

Question 2.
Before × less
Answer:
before × after

Question 3.
more × short
Answer:
more × less

III. Choose the correct option.

Question 1.
Bala and his family lived in ____________ village.
(a) Nemam
(b) Seriya Negamam
(c) Periya Negamam
Answer:
(c) Periya Negamam

Question 2.
Bala’s family profession was
(a) Fishing .
(b) Weaving
(c) Herding
Answer:
(b) Weaving

Question 3.
Bala’s parents weave bundles of ____________ into beautiful sarees.
(a) Cotton
(b) Silk
(c) Rayons
Answer:
(a) Cotton

Question 4.
Bala and his father left Coimbatore junction in a ___________ to Chennai.
(a) Bus
(b) Train
(c) Van
Answer:
(b) Train

Question 5.
They went to Purasaiwalkam, where Appa’s __________ lived.
(a) Brother
(b) Sister
(c) Friend
Answer:
(c) Friend

IV. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
Bala could not read the big ____________ put in the city.
Answer:
Instructions

Question 2.
Nithin struggled but soon learnt to __________
Answer:
Spin

Question 3.
Bala’s family came from a long line of _________ weavers.
Answer:
Handloom

Question 4.
Appa was showing the ___________ to the aunty and trying to sell it to her.
Answer:
Saree

V. Write True or False.

Question 1.
Bala saw Appa and Amma weave bundles of cotton into beautiful sarees.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
The train journey was very comfortable for Bala.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Bala dug Appa’s bag to get some saree.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Nithin struggled but soon learnt to spin.
Answer:
True

VI. Identify the speaker / character.

Question 1.
“Don’t worry Bala. Our return will be more comfortable”.
Answer:
Bala’s Appa to Bala

Question 2.
“Mom! There’s a man with two bundles to meet you”.
Answer:
Nithin to his mom

Question 3.
“This is Rattai”.
Answer:
Bala to Nithin

Question 4..
“Well naturally, his father is a magician too”.
Answer:
Nithin’s mom to Nithin

VII. Answer the questions.

Question 1.
Where did Bala and his family live?
Answer:
Bala’s family lived in a tiled roof house at Periya Negamam village, near Pollachi.

Question 2.
What do you know about Bala’s family?
Answer:
Bala’s family came from a long line of handloom weavers. They workedm hard and perfected the art of drawing, dying, warping and weaving the yarn.

Question 3.
Why did Bala and Appa go to Chennai?
Answer:
Bala and Appa went to Chennai with bags of sarees to sell them directly to the ladies in Chennai for a better price than they sell to the traders in Pollachi or Coimbatore.

Question 4.
Explain the journey to Chennai by Appa and Bala.
Answer:
Appa and Bala walked to the Periya Negamam bus stop. They waited nearly one hour there for the bus to take them to Coimbatore junction. From there, they left by train to Chennai.

Question 5.
How did Appa try to sell the saree to Nithin’s mother?
Answer:
Appa showed the saree to Nithin’s mother. He made each saree sound special and unique. He even draped the saree over him to show the design.

Question 6.
Describe Nithin’s room.
Answer:
Nithin’s room was full of toys. Most of his toys had some electrical control. In one corner of the room there was a spinning wheel.

Question 7.
How did Bala spin yarn?
Answer:
Bala took cotton fluff and attached to the spinning wheel. He moved his fingers skillfully and turned the wheel all the while, to make the yarn.

Question 8.
Why did Nithin’s mother call Bala’s Appa a real magician?
Answer:
Nithin’s mother called Bala’s Appa as a real weaving magician because he had woven beautiful unique sarees which she had bought.

A. Let us learn a few more words by joining the dots. Join the dots and fill the table below.

Question 1.

Answer:

1. Subway – underground
2. Holiday – vacation
3. Closet – curtains
4. Chips – fries
5. Pants – trousers

B. Write the words with same meaning.

Question 1.

Eraser ___________
Answer:
Rubber

Question 2.

Post ___________
Answer:
Mail

Question 3.

dustbin __________
Answer:
Trash can

Question 4.

purse ___________
Answer:
Wallet

Question 5.

tap ____________
Answer:
Faucet

Question 6.

pant _______
Answer:
Trousers

Question 7.

chips ___________
Answer:
Fries

Question 8.

Queue ___________
Answer:
Line

Write the words with same meaning Additional Questions and Answer.

Question 1.
Cot __________
Answer:
Crib

Question 2.
Carpet __________
Answer:
Rug

Question 3.
Fever ___________
Answer:
Sick

Question 4.
Mobile phone __________
Answer:
Cell phone

Question 5.
Timetable _________
Answer:
Schedule

Question 6.
Toilet ___________
Answer:
Restroom

Question 7.
veranda _____________
Answer:
Porch

Bala Spins Magic Summary in English and Tamil

It was a hot afternoon in the quiet village of Periva Naamam near Pollachi The village has tiled roof houses. Bala and his family lived in one such house. He sat under a tree, waiting for his father. He was going with Appa on a long journey.

பொள்ளாச்சிக்கு அருகே பெரிய நெகமம் என்கிற அமைதியான கிராமத்தில் அது ஒரு வெப்பமான மதியநேரம். ஓடுகளால் வேயப்பட்ட கூறை வீடுகளைக் கொண்டது அந்த கிராமம். அதுபோன்ற ஒரு வீட்டில், பாலா தன் குடும்பத்தினருடன் வசித்து வந்தான். தன் தந்தையாருடன் வெகுதூர பயணம் செய்யவிருந்த அவன், ஒரு மரத்தடியில் காத்திருந்தான்.

A fly buzzed near his ear. The pleasant chade of the tree alone with the steady click-clack of the handlooms from the huts nearby made him feel sleepy. He wondered if he could catch some sleep before Appa arrived.

அவன் காதருகே ஒரு பூச்சி பறந்தது. மரங்களின் இதமான நிழலும், கைத்தறி இயக்கத்தின் ‘க்ளிக் -க்ளக்’ என்கிற சீரான சத்தமும், அவனுக்குதூக்கத்தை வரவழைத்துவிட்டது. அவன் தந்தை வருவதற்குள் சிறிது நேரம் உறங்கலாம் என அவன் நினைத்தான்.

Bala, like most of the children in his village, went to school but always wanted to learn more about things related to their family profession weaving. Veera bunches thatha had made math easy for Bala by using skeins of yarn in bunches, sometimes adding all the blue skeins and subtracting the yellow skeins and then doubling the reds and taking away the greens. Bala thought, “This was a fun way to learn Math!”

மற்ற குழந்தைகளைப் போல பாலாவும் பள்ளிக்கு சென்றாலும், தங்களுடைய குலத்தொழிலான நெசவைபற்றி நிறைய அறிந்துகொள்ள அவன் விரும்பினான். மிக எளிதாக கணிதத்தை, தறிநூல் கொத்துக்களை நிறவாரியாக பிரிப்பதின் மூலம் (நீல நிற கொத்துகளை கூட்டுதல், மஞ்சள் நிறத்தை கழித்தல், சிவப்பு நிற கொத்துகளை இரட்டிப்பாக்குதல் மற்றும் பச்சை நிற கொத்துக்களை அகற்றுதல்) அவனுடையவீரா தாத்தா அவனுக்கு சொல்லிக் கொடுத்தார். கணிதத்தை உற்சாகமாய் பயில இதுவும் ஒரு சுலபமான வழிமுறை என்று பாலாவுக்கு தோன்றியது.

Bala’s family came from a long line of handloom weavers. They had perfected the art of drawing, dying, warping and weaving Tne yarn. BUT IT was a hard work. Unless Bala, his mother, father, sisters and cousins helped with the work, could never weave the lengths, he needed.

பாலாவின் குடும்பம், பெரிய தறி நெசவாளர்களின் வழிவந்ததாகும். அவர்கள் வரைதல், சாயமேற்றுதல்,பாவு தோய்த்தல் மற்றும் நூல் நெய்தல் ஆகியவற்றில் முழு நிறைவாகப் பணி செய்யக்கூடியவர்கள் (நிபுணத்துவம் பெற்றவர்கள்). ஆனால் அந்த பணிகள் கடுமையானவையாகும். பாலா, அவன் தாயார், Appa தந்தையார், சகோதரிகள் மற்றும் ஒன்றுவிட்ட உறவினர்ஆகியோர் உதவாவிட்டால், தனியாக அவனது தந்தையாரால் தேவைப்படும் அளவுக்கு நீளமாகநெய்ய இயலாது.

Bala would often see Appa and Amma weave bundles of cotton into beautiful sarees with checks or patterns. He hoped to weave someday. He would also help Amma and sisters, roll, press pack the sarees.

பருத்தி நூல் கட்டுகளைக் கொண்டு கட்டங்களும், வடிவமைப்புகளும் கொண்ட சிறந்த சேலைகளாகபருத்தி நூல் கட்டுகளைக் கொண்டு கட்டங்களும், வடிவமைப்புகளும் கொண்ட சிறந்த சேலைகளாகஅப்பாவும், அம்மாவும் நெய்வதை அவன் கண்டிருக்கிறான். ஒருநாள் தானும் அவ்வாறு செய்வேன் எனவும் அவன் நம்பியிருக்கிறான். தன்னுடைய தாயார் and மற்றும் சகோதரர்களுக்கும், அவன் புடவைகளை மடிக்கவும், இஸ்திரி போட்டு கட்டவும் உதவுவான்.

Bala wondered, “Amma, why you never wear the beautiful sarees we make?”. Amma said, “I can do that only if we become a very rich family.” Bala woke up suddenly as he felt someone tap his head.”Are you ready to go?”, asked Appa. “Yes Appa.”, said Bala and started counting the bags around him.

தன் அம்மாவிடம் அவன் “ஏன் எப்போதுமே நாம் நெய்கிற புது சேலைகளை நீ அணிவதில்லை?” என்று கேட்டான். (அவன் தாயார் அதற்கு “நாமபணக்காரராக ஆனால் மட்டுமே அவ்வாறு என்னால் அணிய முடியும்” என்று கூறுவார். அவன் தலையில் யாரோ தட்டுவதை உணர்ந்து பாலாவிழித்தெழுந்தான். “நீ கிளம்ப தயாராகி விட்டாயா?” என அவன் அப்பா கேட்டார். “ஆம், அப்பா” என கூறிய அவன், தன்னை சுற்றியிருந்தபைகளைஎண்ண ஆரம்பித்தான்.

Bala.was going with Appa to Chennai to help him carry the sarees. Appa said “We will get a better price for the sarees, if we sell directly to ladies in Chennai than to traders in Pollachi or Coimbatore.”

தன் தந்தையார் சென்னைக்கு சேலைகளை கொண்டு செல்வதற்கு உதவ பாலாவும் சென்று கொண்டிருந்தான்.”பொள்ளாச்சி அல்லது கோயமுத்தூரில் உள்ள வியாபாரிகளுக்கு விற்பதைவிட, சென்னையில் உள்ள பெண்ம ணிகளுக்கு நேரடியாக சேலைகளை விற்றால் நல்ல விலை கிடைக்கும்,” என்றார் அப்பா.

They walked to the bus stop and had to wait for nearly one hour for the bus. It took them to Coimbatore and from there they left in a train tojunction, Chennai. The train journey was not very comfortable. “Don’t worry Bala. Our return will be more comfortable as we will be able to reserve tickets,” said Appa. They reached Chennai and went to Purasaiwalkam, where Appa’s friend lived.

பேருந்து நிறுத்தம் நோக்கி நடந்து சென்ற அவர்கள் ஒரு மணிநேரம் காத்திருந்து பேருந்தை பிடித்து கோயமுத்தூர் சந்திப்பை அடைந்தனர். அதன்பின், சென்னைக்கு ரெயில் மூலம் புறப்பட்டனர். பாலாவுக்கு அந்த ரெயில் பயணம் வசதியாக இல்லை . “கவலைப்படாதே பாலா, நாம் திரும்ப வரும்போது பயணச்சீட்டை ரிசர்வ் செய்யப்போவதால் பயணம் சௌகரியமாக இருக்கும்” என்றார் அவன் தந்தை. சென்னையை சென்றடைந்தஅவர்கள், பாலாவின் தந்தையின் நண்பர் வசிக்கும் புரசைவாக்கம் பகுதிக்கு சென்றனர்.

The next morning Appa was ready with places to visit to sell the sarees. Bala anooe Rala could not read the big instructions in the sign board and hence held his father tightly.

மறுநாள் காலையில், புடவை விற்பதற்காக செல்ல வேண்டிய இடங்களை அவனது தந்தையார் தயாராககுறித்துவைத்திருந்தார்.நகரில்வைக்கப்பட்டிருந்த பெரிய வழிமுறைகளை பாலாவால் படிக்க இயலாததால், அவன் தன் தந்தையின் கரங்களை அழுத்தமாக பற்றிக்கொண்டான்.

Soon, they reached a big house after what seemed like many hours. The auard at the door let them in. They sat in a big hall and unpacked the sarees. A young boy saw them and called out saying, “Mom! There’s a man with two bundles to meet you.”

வெகுநேரம் ஆனது போல் தோன்றினாலும், அவர்கள் சிறிது நேரத்தில் ஒரு பெரிய வீட்டினை அடைந்தனர். அந்த வீட்டின் காவலாளி அவர்களை உள்ளே அனுமதித்தான், அவர்கள் ஒரு பெரிய வரவேற்பறையை அடைந்து அங்கு அமர்ந்து சேலைகளைப் பிரித்தனர். ஒரு சிறுவன் அவர்களை கண்டதும் “அம்மா , ஒருவர் இரு மூட்டைத் துணிகளுடன் உன்னை சந்திக்க வந்துள்ளார்” என்றான்.

Appa was showing the saree to the aunty and tryina to sell it to her. He made each saree sound special and unique. He even draped the saree over him to show the design. Soon, the other boy asked, “Mom, can I ask the boy to come and play with me?”

அங்கு வந்த ஒரு பெண்மணியிடம் அவனது தந்தை புடவைகளைக் காட்டி, விற்க முயன்று கொண்டிருந்தார்.ஒவ்வொரு சேலையையும் அவர் தனிச் சிறப்பாக செய்திருந்தார். அந்த சேலைகளை தன்மேல்தொங்கவிட்டு, அதன் வடிவத்தைக் காண்பித்தார்.அந்த பெண்மணியின் மகன் “அம்மா, நான் இந்த பையனுடன் (பாலாவைக் காட்டி விளையாடலாமா?” என கேட்டான்.

“What is your name?” asked the boy. “Periya Negamam Balakumaran,” said Bala. “What’s yours?” “Nithin,” said the boy. Nithin’s room was full of toys. Nithin let Bala play with all the toys. Most toys had some electrical control. Since Bala’s home does not have electricity, he did not know to play with most of the toys.

“உன் பெயர் என்ன?” என்று அந்த சிறுவன் கேட்க, “பெரிய நெகமம் பாலகுமாரன்” என்றான் பாலா.பதிலுக்கு “உன் பெயர் என்ன?” என்று அவனை பாலா கேட்டான்.”நிதின்” என்று அவன் பதிலளித்தான். நிதினின் அறை முழுவதும் பொம்மைகள் இருந்தன.அவற்றை எடுத்து விளையாட பாலாவை அவன் அனுமதித்தான். அந்த பொம்மைகளில் பல மின்சாரத்தில் இயங்கக் கூடியவை. பாலாவின் வீட்டில் மின்சாரம் இல்லாததால், அவனால் பெரும்பாலான
பொம்மைகளுடன் விளையாட இயலவில்லை.

In one corner, Bala saw a spinning wheel.Now, this was a toy he knew to play with! “Do you know what to do with it? I don’t know to play with it,” said Nithin. “This is Rattai. Do you have some cotton?”, asked Bala. Nithin did not have. Bala dug Appa’s bag to get some cotton. Bala took the cotton fluff and attached it to the spinning wheel, and turned the wheel all the while.

ஒரு மூலையில் அவன் ஒரு சுழலும் சக்கரத்தைக் அவன் அறிந்திருந்தான். “இதை வைத்துக்கொண்டு என்ன செய்ய வேண்டுமென உனக்குத் தெரியுமா? எனக்கு இதனுடன் எப்படி விளையாடுவதெனத் தெரியவில்லை ” என்றான் நிதின். “இது தான் ராட்டை. உன்னிடம் சிறிது பஞ்சு உள்ளதா?” என்று பாலா கேட்டான். நிதினிடம் அது இல்லை. பாலா தன் தந்தையின் பையில் துழாவி, சிறிது பஞ்சினை எடுத்தான். அந்த பஞ்சுத் திரியை எடுத்து சுழலும் சக்கரத்தில் இணைத்து தன் விரல்களைநயமாக (லேசாக) அசைத்து சக்கரத்தை சுழலவிட்டான்.

“You can do magic!”, shouted Nithin, “Can you teach me?” “Not like that. Do it this way. Here, hold this. Spin this!”‘, said Bala. Bala had a wide smile across his face. Nithin struaaled but soon learnt to spin. Soon they stepped out. Appa had sold many sarees to the aunty. “Mom! Mom! He taught me magic,” said Nithin. Aunty laughed and said, “Well naturally, his father is a magician too. A weaving magician.” “Yes! I will tell all my friends in school that a magician from Periya Negamam taught me this magic.”

“நீ மாயாஜாலமே செய்வாய் போல் உள்ளதே?” என்று சத்தமிட்டுச் சொன்ன நிதின், “இதை நீ எனக்குகற்றுத்தருவாயா?” என பாலாவைக் கேட்டான். “இது போல் அல்ல! இது போல் செய்ய வேண்டும். இப்படி பிடித்து சுழற்று,” என நிதினுக்கு, பாலா சொல்லிக் கொடுத்தான். நிதின் திணறுவதை பார்த்து பாலா பெரியதாகபுன்னகைத்தான், ஆனாலும் நிதின் சுற்றுவதைக்கற்றுக் கொண்டுவிட்டான். அவர்கள் அதன்பின் விரைவாக வெளியே வந்தனர். இதற்குள் பாலாவின் தந்தை நிறைய சேலைகளை அந்த பெண்மணிக்கு விற்றுவிட்டார். “அம்மா! அம்மா! இவன் எனக்கு மாயாஜால வித்தையை சொல்லிக் கொடுத்துவிட்டான்” என்றான் நிதின்.”இயற்கையாகவே அவனுக்கு அந்த திறமை இருக்கும்.ஏனெனில் அவனுடைய தந்தையாரும் துணி நெய்வதில் மாயாஜாலம் செய்வார்” என்று சிரித்தபடி கூறினாள் அவன் தாயார்.”அம்மா, நான் என் பள்ளி தோழர்களிடம், பெரிய நெகமத்திலிருந்து ஒரு மாயாஜால நிபுணன் வந்து எனக்கு இதை கற்றுக் கொடுத்தான் என கூறுவேன்” என்றான் நிதின்.

Bala Spins Magic Glossary

Buzzed – to make a vibrating sound
Drape – arrange loosely
Guard – watchman
Journey – travel
Naturally – natural manner
Press – iron
Profession – career
Reserve – to set apart for a particular person
Resided – lived
Subtract – take away from another to calculate difference
Traders – buyers / seller
Unique – special
Uncomfortable – causing physical pain
Warp – twist out of shape
Weave – form by interlacing long threads

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Guide Pdf Term 3 Supplementary Chapter 3 The Case of the Missing Water Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Solutions Term 3 Supplementary Chapter 3 The Case of the Missing Water

5th English Guide The Case of the Missing Water Text Book Back Questions and Answers

A. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
The tank in Divya’s village was almost ______.
a) full
b) dry
c) half full
Answer:
b) dry

Question 2.
Divya loved solving ______.
a) problem
b) sums
c) mysteries
Answer:
c) mysteries

Question 3.
Divya and Rani decided to draw a ______.
a) goat
b) mountain
c) map
Answer:
c) map

Question 4.
Elephants were visiting ______ field. (Not in the text)
a) paddy
b) ragi
c) sugar cane
Answer:
c) sugar cane

Question 5.
Rani thought of herself as a ______ engineer.
a) civil
b) mechanical
c) sanitary
Answer:
c) sanitary

Question 6.
Rani and divya informed the happening to the ______.
a) police
b) friends
c) elders
Answer:
c) elders

B. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Why did Manju’s parents leave the village?
Answer:
Manju’s parents left the village because there was no water in the village.

Question 2.
What kind of water did Divya use to brush her teeth?
Answer:
Divya brushed her teeth with muddy tank water.

Question 3.
What did Rani want to become?
Answer:
Rani wanted to become a sanitary engineer in the future.

Question 4.
Where did the tanker man take the water from the village?
Answer:
The tanker man took the water to the city from the village.

Question 5.
Do you think it is okay for the tanker to take water? Why?
Answer:
No. When the whole village is suffered without water, it is not fair for the tanker to take water to the city.

C. Try your own:

Answer:

D. Speak and win:

Join in any group. Support or oppose using 4 to 5 sentences to win.

I support Divya:

1. Divya had a social responsibility.
2. Divya roamed everywhere to find how the water was lost and became tired.
3. Divya fought with her friend Rani for her concern to know how the water was lost.
4. Her determination to solve a mystery is to be appreciated.

I oppose Divya:

1. Divya always pokes her nose in other matters.
2. Small girl Divya need not strain to find herself how the water was lost.
3. Divya unnecessarily had a difference of opinion with her friend.
4. Divya should not command the tanker man. She should inform the village people about him.

Let us read aloud:

A. Read the passage 3 times and colour a dustbin each time:

I am Mani. I have to take a bus to nearby city. I crossed the road to reach the bus stand. I got the bus and sat down and took out a book to read. Before I started to read, I just looked at the people around me. The two men sitting next to me were talking loudly. Some were listening to music on their phone. I was unable to focus on reading. The men were talking about cleaning the city. As they were talking, they opened a pack of biscuits to eat. After some time I dozed off. When I opened my eyes, the bus had reached the city. The two men were not there but pieces of the biscuits and wrappers were there. I cleaned the wrappers and put them in the dustbin.

Question 1.
What did Mani take out?
Answer:
Mani took out a book to read.

Question 2.
What did Mani find on the seat when he woke up?
Answer:
When Mani woke up, he found pieces of the biscuits and wrappers on the seat.

Question 3.
If you were Mani, what would you do?
Answer:
If I were Mani, I would have asked my fellow passengers to talk softly in public and to keep clean the surroundings.

Let us write:
Creative writing with suspense:

In the dark cold winter night in 1950, Rani and his brother Raj were waiting at the old open railway station showering in fear and in cold. They wanted to go to the next station for half an hour distance but the train was one hour late. They kept their eyes and early open to hear the engine sound. But nothing came. Suddenly Raj saw the smoke coming from far and a streak of fire too.

Still, the train did not come. They started walking toward the direction of the ‘train’ seeing the smoke. Oh! what a surprise. The ‘train’ was actually a tribal man smoking cigar covering himself with a black blanket. Rani seamed with fear. The friendly tribal man understood their need and took them to the next station in his bullock cart. Rani and Raj understood brotherly have from an uncultured tribal man that day.

Writing a Story with suspense:

Words that help you create suspense:
suddenly, just then, at that moment, all of a sudden, silently, in alarm, scared, from the shadows, dark, unexpectedly, etc.

Let us use these words to write a paragraph on “A day in the forest”:

A day in the forest

Suddenly in a distance, I noticed some paws on the mud. My head turned red with fear and I silently stepped back. Just then, I saw a big brown furry animal with green eyes coming out of the shadows. In that moment, I didn’t know what I had to do. I screamed and ran. All of a sudden, I heard a howl. behind me. I turned to see two wolves chasing me.

Write a story with suspense:

That Night In Beach It was on December 26th. Sinha and Tiwari came from Barauni to Chennai to attend an important office duty. Their work was completed in the evening. They planned to leave Chennai the next day evening. So, that day night they went to the beach at around 9.00 pm. It was a no moon day and there was complete darkness. They walked along the beach and sat near a boat.

Nobody was there in that place. Suddenly, the boat started moving towards the Bay of Bengal. They looked inside the boat, but there was nobody. Both of them frightened. They started to run but they could not move their legs. They screamed in fear. All of a sudden, a voice instructed them to move towards the water and drown into the sea. Then their legs started to go to the sea.

By the time, a man was running towards them at a distance. He shouted at them not to go to the sea. He called the police over the phone. Police came. At that time, Sinha and Tiwari were walking in knee-deep water. Police rescued them. The man told that some years back, hundreds of people lost their lives in that place. Some ghosts are still wandering there during that particular day. Sinha and Tiwari could not recollect what had happened to them. They thanked the police and the man who helped them.

I can do:

A. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Name of the object
Answer:
Tanker

Question 2.
In your mother tongue
Answer:
தண்ணீர் வாகனம்

Question 3.
Use in a sentence
Answer:
My uncle is a tanker driver

B. Write the animals and their young ones:

Question 1.

Answer:
calf

Question 2.

Answer:
cub

Question 3.

Answer:
chick

C. Match the rhyming word:

Answer:

D. Recite the poem with correct intonation:
This activity to be done by students.

E. Choose the correct one show past perfect tense:

Question 1.
we ______ (see) the movie last week.
a) have seen
b) saw
c) had seen
Answer:
(c) had seen

Question 2.
I ______ (meet) him before.
a) had met
b) meet
c) have met
Answer:
(a) had met

F. Choose the correct one to show future perfect tense:

Question 1.
I ______ (finish) this book.
(a) had finished
(b) have finished
(c) will have finished
Answer:
(c) will have finished

Question 2.
By this time tomorrow, we ______ (arrive) in Chennai.
(a) will have arrived
(b) have arrived
(c) would have arrived
Answer:
(a) will have arrived

Grammar – Textual Exercise:

A. I am a 5th student and I know all these.

I know where to use these prepositions:

B. I know three tenses and I can write all tenses.

5th English Guide The Case of the Missing Water Additional Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
Divya followed her parents to the stream.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
Divya collapsed into the boat with Rani.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Divya had an idea. She hugged the pump.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Rani may be we shouldn’t have missed the village.
Answer:
False

II. Identify the character/speaker :

Question 1.
“We just need enough until the rains arrive”.
Answer:
Appa

Question 2.
“Further up, then?”
Answer:
goatherd

Question 3.
“Manju’s parents left the village”.
Answer:
Divya

Question 4.
“You can’t change anything”.
Answer:
Tanker man

Question 5.
“Like real Sanitary Engineers”.
Answer:
Rani

III. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What did Divya’s Ammachi, Amma, and Appa do when the village tank was almost dry?
Answer:
When the village tank was almost dry, Divya’s Ammachi prayed for rain. Her Amma collected water in all the buckets, pots, and vessels in the home. Appa took his tools to dig a little deeper.

Question 2.
What mystery did Divya solve at home?
Answer:
At home when Ammachi couldn’t find her reading glasses, Divya would help her find them from the book she was reading.

Question 3.
Who were the three people Divya asked ‘where the water had gone?
Answer:
Divya asked the fisherman, goatherd, and Rani about where the water had gone.

Question 4.
Where all did Divya go to find where the water had gone?
Answer:
First Divya went to the tank and then to the other side of the tank, she followed the dry stream bed down the hill and came to the bottom tank.

Question 5.
Why was the glass half empty?
Answer:
The class was half empty because the children had left the areas with their families as there was no water.

Question 6.
What do sanitary engineers do?
Answer:
Sanitary engineers build pipes, tanks, and drains.

Question 7.
What did Divya and Rani draw? Why?
Answer:
Divya and Rani drew the map of their village showing all its tanks and streams.

Question 8.
Where did the water go?
Answer:
The water was pumped and taken to the tanker below the bund to be carried to the city.

Question 9.
How did Divya and Rani stop the tanker man to take the water in the village?
Answer:
Divya and Rani tried to stop the tanker man from taking the water to the city by hugging the pump.

Question 10.
What happened when the monsoon came?
Answer:
When the monsoon came, it rained heavily, the bund overflowed and the stream rushed down the hill.

The Case of The Missing water Summary in English and Tamil

The tank in Divya’s village was almost dry. Ammachi began to pray for rain. Amma collected all the buckets and pots and vessels in the house and filled them up.. “We need to store as much water as we can,” she said. Appa collected tools to dig a little deeper. “We just need enough until the rains arrive,” he said.

திவ்யாவின் கிராமத்திலிருந்த குளம் பெரும்பாலும் வறண்டு விட்டது. அம்மாச்சி மமை வரவேண்டுமென பிரார்க்கனை செய்தார். வீட்டிலிருந்த வாளிகள், பானைகள், பாத்திரங்கள் எல்லாவற்றையும் எடுத்து, அவற்றில் நீரை நிரப்பி
வைத்தாள் அம்மா. “நம்மால் முடிந்த அளவுக்கு தண்ணீரை சேமிக்க வேண்டிய தேவை ஏற்பட்டுவிட்டது”, என்றாள் அம்மா. கொஞ்சம் ஆழமாகத் தோண்டு வதற்கான கருவிகளை அப்பா சேகரித்தார். “மழை வரும் வரையில் நமக்கு இது தேவை”, என்றார் அவர்.

Divya got out her notebook and pencil. She put on her thinking cap and followed her parents to the tank. She examined the tank bed closely. It was cracked and dusty.

திவ்யா ‘ தனது நோட்டு புத்தகத்தையும் பென்சிலையும் எடுத்துக் கொண்டாள். தனது பெற்றோரை பின்தொடர்ந்தபடி குளத்திற்குச் சென்றாள். வெகு அருகிலிருந்தபடி குளத்தை அவள் ஆய்வு செய்தாள். நிலத்தில் பிளவு ஏற்பட்டு, தூசி படிந்திருந்தது.

Divya wondered, “Where did the water in the tank go? Did it run away? Was it stolen? This is a mystery!” Divya loved solving mysteries: Like the time Ammachi couldn’t find her reading glasses. Divya had found them in her book, marking the page she was reading. “I’ll find that water,” Divya muttered to herself.

திவ்யா ஆச்சர்யப்பட்டாள். “குளத்திலிருந்த தண்ணீர் எங்கே போனது? அது ஓடிவிட்டதா? திருடப்பட்டுவிட்டதா? இது ஒரு மர்மம்”, என்றாள். மர்மங்களுக்கு தீர்வு காண்பதை திவ்யா விரும்பினாள். படிப்பதற்கான கண் கண்ணாடியை அம்மாச்சி கண்டுபிடிக்க முடியாமல் போன சமயத்தில் நடந்ததைப் போல.

அவருடைய புத்தகத்தில், படித்த பக்கத்தை குறிப்பிட வேண்டி, அது வைக்கப்பட்டிருந்ததை திவ்யா கண்டுபிடித்துக் கொடுத்தாள். “அந்த தண்ணீரையும் நான் கண்டுபிடிப்பேன்,” என திவ்யா தனக்குள் முணுமுணுத்துக் கொண்டாள்.

Divya walked to the other side of the tank, past dead fish and dried reeds. “Do you know where the water could have gone?” Divya asked a fisherman. “Downstream?” the fisherman suggested. Divya followed the dry stream bed down the hill. At the bottom was another tank. It had lots of goats, but no water.

திவ்யா குளத்தின் மறுகரைக்கு நடந்தாள். இறந்து போன மீன்களையும், காய்ந்து போன நாணல்களையும் கடந்தாள். “தண்ணீ ர் எங்கே போயிருக்க முடியுமென உங்களுக்கு தெரியுமா?” என ஒரு மீனவரைதிவ்யா கேட்டாள்.

“கீழ்மட்டத்திற்கு போயிருக்கலாம்,” என்றார் மீனவர். குன்றின் அடியிலிருந்த, வறண்டு போன நீரோடையில் திவ்யா நடந்தாள். கீழே இன்னொரு குளம் இருந்தது. அங்கு பல ஆடுகள் மேய்ந்த படி இருந்தன, ஆனால் நீர் இல்லை.

Divya asked the goatherd, “Do you know where the water might be?” “Upstream,” the goatherd suggested. I “That’s where I came from,” Divya said. “No water there.” “Further up, then?” the goatherd said. “That’s where your water comes from.”

திவ்யா ஆடு மேய்ப்பவரிடம், “தண்ணீ ர் எங்கே போயிற்று என உங்களுக்குத் தெரியுமா?” என கேட்டாள். ஆடுமேய்ப்பவர், “மேல் மட்டத்திற்கு போயிருக்கலாம்” என்றார். “அங்கிருந்து தான் நான் வருகிறேன், அங்கு தண்ணீர் இல்லை” என்றாள் திவ்யா. “அதற்கும் மேலே. அங்கிருந்துதான் தண்ணீர் வருகிறது”, என்றார் ஆடு மேய்ப்ப வர்.

Divya climbed up to the tank. Then she climbed up some more to a tank further up the hill. There was no water, no birds. There was only one person there. “Rani, I can’t find any water. Any idea where it’s gone?” Divya called to her. She knew Rani from school.

“Downstream,” Rani called back. Divya was suddenly angry. She stomped her foot. “No!” she shouted. “It’s not. I
have searched and searched. It’s not upstream or downstream. Got it?”.

திவ்யா குளத்தை நோக்கி குன்றின் மேலே ஏறினாள். அங்கு இருந்த ஒரு குளத்தில் தண்ணீ ரும் இல்லை, பறவைகளும் இல்லை. ஒரே ஒரு பெண் மட்டும் இருந்தாள். “ராணி, தண்ணீரையே பார்க்க முடியவில்லை. அது எங்கே போயிற்று என்று ஏதாவது ஐடியா இருக்கிறதா?”

என திவ்யா அவளைக் கேட்டாள். பள்ளியிலிருந்தே ராணியை அவளுக்குத் தெரியும். “கீழ் மட்டத்தில்”, என்றாள் ராணி. திவ்யா திடீரென கோபப்பட்டாள். தரையை காலால் தட்டினாள்.

“இல்லை” என கூச்சலிட்டாள். “அங்கே இல்லை. நானும் தான் தேடினேன்-தேடினேன். அது மேல்மட்டத்திலும் இல்லை, கீழ்மட்டத்திலும் இல்லை. புரிந்ததா?”

“How about up there?” Rani suggested. Divya and Rani looked up at the sky.” The sun glared back at them. Everything was white-hot and dusty. “No,” they agreed together. “No water there. Divya collapsed into the boat with Rani and gnawed on a lotus stem. She was hot and tired.

அது இன்னும் உயரே சென்றிருக்கலாம்,” என்றாள் ராணி. திவ்யாவும், ராணியும் வானத்தைப் பார்த்தனர். சூரியன் அவர்களின் மீது ஒளியை பாய்ச்சியது. எல்லாமே வெள்ளையாக-வெப்பமாகவும், தூசியுடனும் இருந்தன. “இல்லை, அங்கே தண்ணீர் இல்லை”, அவர்கள் இருவருமே ஒரு சேர ஒப்புக் கொண்டனர். திவ்யா, ராணியுடன் படகில் சாய்ந்தபடி, ஒரு தாமரைத் தண்டை கடித்தாள். அவள் உடம்பு வெப்பத்தால் தகித்தது. அவள் களைப்படைந்தாள்.

“Manju’s parents left the village, “Divya said. “They went to the city” where they have water. Maybe we should all go.” “You go,” Rani snapped. “No one asked you to be here.” “Fine,” Divya said. And she stomped back home. But it wasn’t fine! There was still no water, still no rain.

மஞ்சுவின் பெற்றோர் இந்த கிராமத்தை விட்டுச் சென்று விட்டனர். நகரத்துக்குப் போய் விட்டனர். அங்கு அவர்களுக்கு தண்ணீ ர் கிடைக்கும். நாம் எல்லோரும் போக வேண்டி வரலாம்”, என்றாள் திவ்யா. “நீபோ, இங்கேயே இருக்கவேண்டுமென உன்னை
யாரும் கேட்டுக் கொள்ளப் போவதில்லை”, என்றாள் ராணி. “நல்லது” என்றாள் திவ்யா. அவள் வீட்டுக்குத் திரும்பினாள் ஆனால் அங்கு சூழ்நிலை சரியில்லை. இன்னும் அங்கு தண்ணீர் இல்லை, மழையும் இல்லை.

The next day, Divya brushed her teeth with muddy tank water in a tiny glass. “Thooo!” she spat. In school, the class was half-empty. More families had left the area. She missed all her friends! In the middle of Environmental Studies class, she turned and ran out of school. She ran and ran until she was panting. She finally sat at the side of the road.

அடுத்த நாள். சேறுகலந்த குளத்து நீரை ஒரு சிறிய கிளாஸில் வைத்துக் கொண்டு, திவ்யா பல் துலக்கினாள். “த்தூ!” என அவள் துப்பினாள். பள்ளியில் பாதி வகுப்பு காலியாக இருந்தது. அந்தப் பகுதியிலிருந்து மேலும் பல குடும்பங்கள் சென்று விட்டிருந்தனர்.

அவள் தன் எல்லா நண்பர்களையும் இழந்தாள். வகுப்பில், சுற்றுச்சூழல் பாடத்தின் நடுவே, அவள் எழுந்து, பள்ளியை விட்டு ஓடினாள். மூச்சிறைக்கும் வரை அவள் ஓடினாள். இறுதியில், சாலையின் ஒரு புறத்தில் அவள் அமர்ந்தாள்.

“I have to find the water!” she huffed. “Can I help?” said a voice. It was Rani who had seen Divya running away” from school. Divya beamed. “Yes!” “We have to do this properly,” Rani said. “Like real Sanitary Engineers.” “Like who…?” Divya asked. “Sanitary Engineers build pipes and tanks and drains. I am going to be one when I grow up,” Rani said. Divya and Rani decided to draw a map of their village and all its tanks and streams, showing all the places where the water might have flowed.

தண்ணீர் எங்கே போனது என நான் கண்டுபிடிக்க வேண்டும்”, என்று ஒரு வித கோபத்துடன் “உனக்கு உதவட்டுமா”, என்றது ஒரு குரல், அது ராணி தான். பள்ளியிலிருந்து திவ்யா ஓடிவந்ததை அவள் பார்த்தாள். “சரி”, என்றாள் திவ்யா.”சுகாதாரப் பொறியாளர்களைப் போல, நாம் இதை சரியாகச் செய்ய வேண்டும்”, என்றாள் ராணி. “யார் அவர்கள்?”, என்று திவ்யா கேட்டாள்.

“குழாய்கள், தொட்டிகள், வடிகால் வாய்க்கால்களை கட்டுகிறார்களே அவர்கள் தான். நான்பெரியவளாக வளர்ந்த பிறகு சுகாதாரப் பொறியாளராவேன்,” என்றாள் ராணி. அவர்களின் கிராமத்தின் வரைபடத்தை அவர்கள் இருவரும் வரைய தீர்மானித்தனர். மேலும் தண்ணீர் செல்லக்கூடிய வழித்தடங்கள், குளங்கள், ஓடைகள் எல்லாவற்றையும் வரைபடத்தில் குறிக்கவும் முடிவு செய்தனர்.

Where could the water possibly have gone? Finally, they sat back and pored over the map. “We haven’t seen that tank yet,” Divya pointed to one of the tanks they had drawn. “Let’s go,” Rani agreed. Divya and Rani began climbing up the hill. The stream here was dry as well.

தண்ணீ ர் எங்கே போயிருக்க கூடும்? இறுதியாக, அவர்கள் தரையில் அமர்ந்து, வரைபடத்தை கூர்ந்து ஆராயத்தொடங்கினர். “அந்தக் குளத்தை இதுவரை நாம் பார்க்கவில்லை, அவர்கள் வரைந்த குளங்களில் ஒன்றை சுட்டிக்காட்டியபடி, திவ்யா இவ்வாறு கூறினாள். “நாம் போகலாம்”, ராணி சம்மதித்தாள். ஏறத் தொடங்கினர். அந்த ஓடையும் வறண்டு திவ்யாவும், ராணியும் அந்தக் குன்றின் மீது போயிருந்தது.

“Maybe we shouldn’t have missed school. This tank is probably dry as well,” Rani said sadly. When they reached the tank, Divya” and Rani realised they were wrong. This tank was full! Rani pointed at a small pump at the end of the lake. There was a tanker just below the bund, collecting water as it flowed. A man stood by, guiding the tanker. “Mystery solved,” said Divya angrily.

நாம் பள்ளிக்குச் செல்வதை தவற விட்டிருக்கக் கூடாது. இந்தக் குளமும் வறண்டிருக்கிறது”, என்றாள் ராணி வருத்தமாக. குளத்தை அவர்கள் அடைந்தபோது, திவ்யா, ராணி இருவருமே தங்களது யூகம் தவறு என உணர்ந்த னர். அந்தக் குளத்தில் தண்ணீ ர் நிரம்பியிருந்தது.

அங்கு ஏரியின் முடிவில் ஒரு சிறு பம்ப் இருந்ததை ராணி சுட்டிக்காட்டினாள். கரைக்குக் கீழே ஒரு டேங்கர் (நீர் ஏற்றிச் செல்லும் வாகனம்) இருந்தது. அதில் தண்ணீர் நிரப்பப்பட்டுக் கொண்டிருந்தது. அதனருகில் ஒரு மனிதன் நின்றிருந்தான். “மர்மம் தீர்க்கப்பட்டது”, என்றாள் திவ்யா கோபத்துடன்.

“Where are you taking our water?” Divya wanted to know. “The city,” the man said. “I need to supply nine-thousand litres today!” “That’s not fair!” Rani said. The man shrugged, “That’s how it is.” “My friend is a Sanitary Engineer, Divya yelled. “She knows what’s fair.” The man laughed.” Sanitary Engineer it seems! You’re just children!” Rani said quietly, “Yes, but I know you can’t just take our water away.”

“எங்கள் தண்ணீ ரை எங்கே எடுத்துப் போகிறீர்?” என்று திவ்யா கேட்டாள். “நகரத்திற்கு, இன்றைக்கு நான் 9,000 லிட்டர் தண்ணீ ரை சப்ளை செய்தாக வேண்டுமே”, என்றான் அந்த மனிதன். “அது நியாயமல்ல”, என்றாள் ராணி.” “அது அப்படித்தான்,” என்றான் அவன் தன் தோள்பட்டையை உயர்த்தியபடி, “என் நண்பர் ஒரு சுகாதாரப் பொறியாளர்.

அவருக்கு எது நியாயமெனத் தெரியும்,” என்று திவ்யா சத்தமிட்டாள். அந்த மனிதன் சிரித்தான். “துப்புரவாளர் என்று தோன்றுகிறது. நீங்கள் எல்லாம் குழந்தைகள்தான்,” என்றான் அவன். “ஆம். ஆனால், நீங்கள் எங்கள் தண்ணீ ரை எடுத்துச் செல்ல முடியாது,” என்று ராணி அமைதியாகச் சொன்னாள்.

“Go home,” the man said. “You can’t change anything!” Divya had an idea. She hugged the pump. “You can’t turn it on now!” Rani ran up to hug the pump too. “Hey!” said the man. Now he was really angry. “Just go home,” he said.

“வீட்டுக்குப் போங்கள், உங்கள் இருவரால் எதையும் மாற்றிடவிட முடியாது”, என்றான் அவன். திவ்யாவுக்கு ஒரு யோசனை தோன்றியது. அவள் அந்த “பம்ப்”-ஐ கட்டி அணைத்துக் கொண்டாள். “இப்போது உங்களால் இந்த பம்ப்-ஐ திருப்ப முடியாது.” ராணியும் ஓடிச்சென்று’ பம்ப்-ஐ அணைத்துக் கொண்டாள். இப்போது அந்த மனிதன் உண்மையிலேயே கோபப்பட்டான். “வீட்டிற்குப் போய் விடுங்கள்”, என்றான்.

That was when the clouds broke, and rain poured. “The ‘monsoon is here!” Divya shouted. “I’m going home, even if you aren’t, the tanker man said. It rained and rained. WOOSH, the bund overflowed, and the stream rushed down, splashing them.

அப்போது மேகங்கள் உடைந்து, மழை பெய்தது. “பருவமழை இங்கே ஆரம்பம்”, திவ்யா சத்தமிட்டாள். “நீங்கள் போகாவிட்டாலும், நான் வீட்டிற்குப் போகிறேன்”, என்று அந்த டேங்கர் மனிதன் கூறினான். மழை தொடர்ந்து பெய்தது. ஊஷ், குளம் நிரம்பி வழிந்தது. நீரோடையில் தண்ணீர் பாய்ந்து அவர்கள் மீது, தெறித்தபடி, கீழ்நோக்கி ஓடியது.

“The water has been found! Mystery solved!” Divya said. “WOOOOOO!” They yowled with joy.

“தண்ணீர் கண்டுபிடிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது! மர்மம் தீர்ந்தது”, என்றாள் திவ்யா. “ஊ…” அவர்கள் மகிழ்ச்சியுடன் குரல் எழுப்பினர்.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Guide Pdf Civics Term 3 Chapter 2 Market and Consumer Protection Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Solutions Civics Term 3 Chapter 2 Market and Consumer Protection

7th Social Science Guide Market and Consumer Protection Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
In which case a consumer cannot complain against the manufacturer for a defective product?
a) Date of expiry unspecified
b) Price of the commodity
c) Batch number of the commodity
d) Address of the manufacturer
Answer:
c) Batch number of the commodity

Question 2.
Consumer’s face various problems from the producer’s end due to
a) Unfair trade practices
b) Wide range of goods
c) Standard quality goods
d) Volume of production
Answer:
a) Unfair trade practices

Question 3.
Consumers must be provided with adequate information about a product to make
a) Investment in production
b) Decision in sale of goods
c) Credit purchase of goods
d) Decision in purchase of goods
Answer:
d) Decision in purchase of goods

Question 4.
The system of consumer courts at the national, state, and district levels, looking into consumers grievances against unfair trade practices of businessmen and providing necessary compensation, is called as
a) Three tier system
b) One tier system
c) Two tier system
d) Four tier system
Answer:
a) Three tier system

Question 5.
Mixing other extraneous material of inferior quality with a superior quality material is called
a) Purification
b) Adulteration
c) Refinement
d) Alteration
Answer:
b) Adulteration

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. A set up where two or more parties engage in …………… of goods, services and information is called a market.
Answer:
Buying and selling

2. In regulated Markets, there is some oversight by appropriate ………………. authorities.
Answer:
government

3. …………… refers to a market structure in which there is a single producer or seller that has a control on
the entire market.
Answer:
Monopoly

4. ……………… statue is regarded as the ‘Magna Carta’ in the field of consumer protection for checking
unfair trade practices.
Answer:
COPRA

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV. Consider the following statements:

Question 1.
Tick the appropriate answer:
Assertion (A) : In local Markets the buyers and sellers are limited to the local region or area.
Reason (R) : A market is not restricted to one physical or geographical location.
a) Both, A and R, are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both, A and R, are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) If A is true but R is false
d) If A is false but R is true
Answer:
b) Both, A and R, are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

VI. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is the market?
Answer:
A setup where two or more parties are engaged in an exchange of goods, services, and information is called a market.

Question 2.
Describe consumer protection.
Answer:

• Consumer protection is a group of laws enacted to protect the rights of consumers, fairtrade, competition, and accurate information in the marketplace.
• This Act was enacted in 1986 in the Parliament of India to protect the interests of consumers.

Question 3.
List out the rights of consumers.
Answer:

1. The Right to Basic Needs.
2. The Right to Safety.
3. The Right to Information.
4. The Right to Choose.
5. The Right to representation.
6. The Right to Redress.
7. The Right to Consumer Education.
8. The Right to a Healthy Environment.

Question 4.
Discuss the role of consumer courts.
Answer:
Consumer courts in India:

National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC):

• A national-level court works for the whole country and deals compensation claimed exceeds rupees one crore.
• The National Commission is the Apex body of Consumer Courts; it is also the highest appellate court in the hierarchy.

The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC),

• It is a quasi-judicial commission in India which was set up in 1988 under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986.
• Its head office is in New Delhi.

State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (SCDRC):
A state-level court works at the state level with cases where compensation claimed is above 20 lakhs but up to one core.

District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum (DCDRF):
A district-level court works at the district level with cases where the compensation claimed is up to 20 lakhs.

Question 5.
Write about the types of markets and their functions.
Answer:
On the Basis of Geographic Location:

1. Local Markets: In such a market the buyers and sellers are limited to the local region or area.
2. Regional Markets: These markets cover a wider are than local markets like a district, or a cluster of few smaller states
3. National Market: This is when the demand for the goods is limited to one specific country. Or the government may not allow the trade of such goods outside national boundaries.
4. International Market: When the demand for the product is international and the goods are also traded internationally in bulk quantities, we call it an international market.

On the Basis of Time:

1. Very Short Period Market: This is when the supply of the goods is fixed, and so it cannot be changed instantaneously. For example the market for flowers, vegetables. Fruits etc.
2. Short Period Market: The market is slightly longer than the previous one. Here the supply can be slightly adjusted. Example: The demand of fish, milk or egg,
3. Long Period Market: Here the supply can be changed easily by scaling production. So it can change according to the demand of the market.

On the Basis of Nature of Transaction

1. Spot Market: This is where spot transactions occur, that is the money is paid immediately. There is no system of credit.
2. Future Market: This is where the transactions are credit transactions. There is a promise to pay the consideration sometime in the future.

On the Basis of Regulation:

1. Regulated Market: In such a market there is some oversight by appropriate government authorities. For example, the stock market is a highly regulated market.
2. Unregulated Market: This is an absolutely free market. There is no oversight or regulation, the market forces decide everything.

On the basis of Nature of competition:

1. Monopoly: Monopoly refers to a market structure in which there is a single producer or seller that has control over the entire market. This single seller deals in products that have no close substitutes.
2. Monopolistic Competition: Monopolistic competition refers to a market situation in which there are a large number of buyers and sellers of products.

7th Social Science Guide Market and Consumer Protection Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct answer:

Question 1.
……………. is where the transactions are credit transactions.
a) Future Market
b) Local Market
c) Regional Market
d) National Market
Answer:
a) Future Market

Question 2.
The term oligopoly has been derived from two …………….. words.
a) Arabic
b) Greek
c) Tamil
d) none
Answer:
b) Greek

Question 3.
The COPRA Consumer Protection Act enacted in ……………… in the Parliament of India to protect the interests of consumers.
a) 1933
b) 1986
c) 1968
d) 1965
Answer:
b) 1986

Question 4.
The COPRA was passed in Assembly in …………….
a) November 1988
b) October 1986
c) October 1968
d) December 1976
Answer:
b) October 1986

Question 5.
Indian Parliament passed the landmark Consumer Protection Bill in ……………..
a) November 1988
b) October 2018
c) October 2019
d) August 2019
Answer:
d) August 2019

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. In …………., the buyers and sellers are limited to the local region or area.
Answer:
Local Markets

2. …………….. covers a wider area than local markets like a district, or a cluster of few smaller states.
Answer:
Regional Markets

3. ………….. is the demand for the goods is limited to one specific country.
Answer:
National Market

4. When the demand for the product is international and the goods are also traded internationally in bulk quantities, is called as ……………..
Answer:
international market

5. There is no system of credit in ………………
Answer:
Spot market

6. ……………….. is a highly regulated market
Answer:
Regulated Market

7. …………….. refers to a market structure.
Answer:
Monopoly

8. TRAI means ……………
Ans:
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India.

9. IRDAI means ……………….
Answer:
Insurance – Regulatory and Development Authority of India

10. The Bureau of Indian Standards Act was passed in …………………..
Answer:
1986

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Who is a Consumer?
Answer:
A Consumer is a person who purchases a product or avails a service for a consideration, either for his personal use or to earn his livelihood by means of self-employment.

Question 2.
Write the rules of Unfair Trade Practice.
Answer:

• “Goods once sold will not be taken back”
• “No exchange”
• “No refund under any circumstances”

Question 3.
Write down the highlights of the Consumer Protection Act.
Answer:

• E-Commerce Transactions
• Enhancement of Pecuniary Jurisdiction
• E-Filing of complaints
• Penalties for Misleading Advertisement

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.12 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.12

Question 1.
Let b > 0 and b ≠ 1. Express y = b^x in logarithmic form. Also, state the domain and range of the logarithmic function.
Answer:
Given y = b^x ⇒ log_by = x, x ∈ R with range (0, ∞) (-∞, ∞)

Question 2.
Compute log₉ 27 – log₂₇ 9
Answer:
log₉27 – log₂₇9 = log₉ 3³ – log₂₇ 3²
= 3 log₉ 3 – 2 log₂₇ 3 —— (1)
By change of base rule [log_b a = \(\frac{1}{\log _{a} b}\)]

Question 3.
Solve log_ax + log₄x + log₂x = 11
Answer:

Question 4.
Solve log ₄ 2 ^8x = 2 ^log₂8
Answer:
Given log ₄ 2^8x = 2 ^log₂8
log ₄ 2^8x = 2^log₂23
log ₄ 2^8x = 2^{3 log₂2}
log ₄ 2^8x = 2³ = 8
2^8x = 4⁸
(2²)^4x = 4⁸
⇒ (4)^4x = 4⁸
⇒ 4x = 8
⇒ x = \(\frac { 8 }{ 4 }\) = 2

Question 5.
If a² + b² = 7ab, show that
log \(\left(\frac{a+b}{3}\right)\) = \(\frac{1}{2}\) (log a + log b)
Answer:
Given
a² + b² = 7ab
Adding both sides 2ab we get
a² + b² + 2ab = 7ab + 2ab
(a + b)² = 9ab

Taking square root on both sides

Taking logarithm on both sides

Question 6.
Prove that log \(\frac{\mathbf{a}^{2}}{\mathbf{b c}}\) + log \(\frac{\mathbf{b}^{2}}{\mathbf{c a}}\) + log \(\frac{c^{2}}{a b}\) = 0
Answer:

Question 7.
Prove that

Answer:

Question 8.
Prove that log_a² a + log_b² b + log_c² c = \(\frac{1}{8}\)
Answer:

Question 9.
Prove log a + log a² + log a³ + ……… + log aⁿ = \(\frac{n(n+1)}{2}\) log a
Answer:
log a + log a² + log a³ + ……… + log aⁿ
= log a + 2 log a + 3 log a + ………….. + n log a
= log a (1 + 2 + 3 + ………….. + n)
= log a × \(\frac{n(n+1)}{2}\)
= \(\frac{n(n+1)}{2}\) log a

Question 10.
If , then prove that xyz = 1
Answer:
Let \(\frac{\log x}{y-z}\) = k
log x = k(y – z)
log x = ky – kz ——— (1)
Similarly log y = k(z – x) = kz – kx ——(2)
log z = k(x – y) = kx – ky ——- (3)
Adding (1), (2) and (3)
log x + log y + log z = ky – kz + kz – kx + kx – ky
log (xyz) = 0 = log 1
xyz = 1

Question 11.
Solve log₂x – 3 log_1/2x = 6
Answer:

Question 12.
Solve log_{5 – x} (x² – 6x + 65) = 2
Answer:
log_{5 – x}(x² – 6x + 65) = 2
⇒ x² – 6x + 65 = (5 – x)²
⇒ x² – 6x + 65 = 25 + x² – 10x
⇒ x² – 6x + 65 – 25 – x² + 10x = 0
⇒ 4x + 40 = 0
⇒ 4x = -40
⇒ x = -10

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.13 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.13

Question 1.
If |x + 2| ≤ 9 then x belongs to
(1) (- ∞,- 7)
(2) [- 11, 7]
(3) (-∞, – 7) ∪ [11, ∞]
(4) (-11, 7)
Answer:
(2) [- 11, 7]

Explanation:
-x – 2 ≤ 9 x + 2 ≤ 9
-x < 9 + 2 = 11 x ≤ 9 – 2 = 7
⇒ x ≥ -11
so x ∈ [-11, 7]

Question 2.
Given that x, y and b are real numbers x < y, b > 0 then
(1) xb < yb
(2) xb > yb
(3) xb < yb
(4) \(\frac{x}{b}\) ≥ \(\frac{y}{b}\)
Answer:
(1) xb < yb

Explanation:
Given x, y and b are real numbers and b ≥ 0. x > b
Multiplying by positive real number the inequality is not affected.
∴ xb < yb

Question 3.
If \(\frac{|x-2|}{x-2}\) ≥ 0 , then x belongs to
(1) [2, ∞)
(2) (2, ∞)
(3) (-∞, 2)
(4) (-2, ∞)
Answer:
(1) [2, ∞)

Explanation:
Given \(\frac{|x-2|}{x-2}\) ≥ 0
By the definition of mod function
|x – 2 | = – (x – 2) if x – 2 < 0 | x – 2 | = x – 2 if x – 2 > 0
Suppose x – 2 < 0 then

Question 4.
The solution of 5x – 1 < 24 and 5x + 1 > – 24 is
(1) (4, 5)
(2) (- 5, – 4)
(3) (- 5, 5)
(4) (- 5, 4)
Answer:
(3) (- 5, 5)

Explanation:
The given inequalities are
5x – 1 < 24 ——— (1)
5x + 1 > – 24 ——– (2)
(1) ⇒ 5x – 1 < 24
⇒ 5x < 24 + 1
⇒ 5x < 25 ⇒ x < 5 ——— (3)
(2) ⇒ 5x + 1 > – 24
⇒ 5x > – 24 – 1
⇒ 5x > – 25
⇒ x > – 5 ——– (4)
Combining (3) and (4), we have
-5 < x < 5
∴ x ∈ (- 5, 5)

Question 5.
The solution set of the following inequality
|x – 1| ≥ |x – 3| is
(1) [0, 2]
(2) [2, ∞)
(3) (0, 2)
(4) (-∞, 2)
Answer:
(2) [2, ∞)

Explanation:
The given inequality is |x – 1| ≥ |x – 3|
(x – 1)² ≥ (x – 3)²
x² – 2x + 1 ≥ x² – 6x + 9
– 2x + 1 ≥ – 6x + 9
6x – 2x + 1 – 9 ≥ 0
4x – 8 ≥ 0 ⇒ 4x ≥ 8
⇒ x ≥ 2
∴ The solution set of the given inequality lies in the interval (2, ∞)

Question 6.
The value of \(\log _{\sqrt{2}} 512\) is
(1) 16
(2) 18
(3) 9
(4) 12
Answer:
(2) 18

Explanation:

Question 7.
The value of \(\log _{3} \frac{1}{81}\) is
(1) – 2
(2) – 8
(3) – 4
(4) – 9
Answer:
(3) – 4

Explanation:
\(\log _{3} \frac{1}{81}\) = log₃1 – log₃81
= o – log₃ 3⁴
= – 4 log₃3
= – 4 × 1
= – 4

Question 8.
If log_√x0.25 = 4, then the value of x is
(1) 0.5
(2) 2.5
(3) 1.5
(4) 1.25
Answer:
(1) 0.5

Explanation:
log_√x0.25 = 4
By the definition of logarithm
0.25 = \((\sqrt{x})^{4}\)
(0.5 )2 = \(\left(x^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)^{4}\)
(0.5 )2 = x2
x = 0.5

Question 9.
The value of log_ab . log_bc . log_ca is
(1) 2
(2) 1
(3) 3
(4) 4
Answer:
(2) 1

Explanation:
log_ab . log_bc . log_ca = log_ac . log_ca
= log_aa = 1

Question 10.
If 3 is the logarithm of 343 then, the base is
(1) 5
(2) 7
(3) 6
(4) 9
Answer:
(2) 7

Explanation:
⇒ log_x343 = 3 ⇒ 343 = x³
(.i.e.,) 7³ = x³ ⇒ x = 7
⇒ x = 7

Question 11.
Find a so that the sum and product of the roots of the equation 2x² + (a – 3 ) x + 3a – 5 = 0 are equal is
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 0
(4) 4
Answer:
(2) 2

Explanation:
Given quadratic equation is
2x² + (a – 3) x + 3a – 5 = 0
Let the roots be α, β
Sum of the roots α + β = \(-\frac{(a-3)}{2}\)
Product of the roots α β = \(\frac{3 a-5}{2}\)
Given α + β = α β
∴ \(-\frac{(a-3)}{2}=\frac{3 a-5}{2}\)
– a + 3 = 3a – 5
3a + a = 5 + 3
4a = 8 ⇒ a = 2

Question 12.
If a and b are the roots of the equation x² – kx +16 = 0 and satisfy a² + b² = 3², then the value of k is
(1) 10
(2) – 8
(3) – 8, 8
(4) 6
Answer:
(3) – 8, 8

Explanation:
a + b = k ….(1) ab = 16 ….(2)
a² + b² = (a + b)² – 2ab = 32 .
k² – 32 = 32 ⇒ k² = 64 ⇒ k = ±8

Question 13.
The number of solutions of x² + |x – 1| = 1 is
(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) 2
(4) 3
Answer:
(3) 2

Explanation:
The given quadratic equatiuon is
x² + |x – 1| = 1 ——– (1)

Case(i)
By the definition of mod function if x – 1 ≥ 0, then
|x – 1| = x – 1
∴ (1) ⇒ x² + x – 1 = 1
x² + x – 2 = 0
x² + 2x – x – 2 = 0
x(x + 2) – 1 (x + 2) = 0
(x – 1)(x + 2) = 0
x – 1 = 0 or x + 2 = 0
x = 1 or x = – 2
Since x – 1 ≥ 0
x = – 2 is not possible. ∴ x = 1

Case (ii)
Again by the definition of mod function if x – 1 < 0 then
|x – 1| = – (x – 1)
∴ (1) ⇒ x² – (x – 1) = 1
x² – x + 1 = 1
x² – x = 0
x (x – 1 ) = 0
x = 0 or x – 1 = 0
x = 0 or x = 1
Since x < 1, x = 1 is not possible
∴ x = 0
∴ The required solution set is {0, 1}
Number of solutions = 2

Question 14.
The equation whose roots are numerically equal but opposite in sign to the roots of 3x² – 5x – 7 = 0 is
(1) 3x² – 5x – 7 = 0
(2) 3x² + 5x – 7 = 0
(3) 3x² – 5x + 7 = 0
(4) 3x² + x – 7 = 0
Answer:
(2) 3x² + 5x – 7 = 0

Explanation:
The given quadratic equation is
3x² – 5x – 7 = 0 ——— (1)
Let α and β be the roots of eqn (1)
Sum of the roots α + β = \(-\left(\frac{-5}{3}\right)\)
α + β = \(\frac{5}{3}\)
Product of the roots α β = – \(\frac{7}{3}\)
The quadratic equation whose roots are – α and – β is
x² – (sum of the roots) x + Product of the roots = 0
x² – (- α – β)x + (- α)(- β) = 0
x² + (α + β)x + αβ = 0
x² + \(\frac{5}{3}\) x – \(\frac{7}{3}\) = 0
3x² + 5x – 7 = 0 is the required equation.

Question 15.
If 8 and 2 are the roots of x² + ax + c = 0 and 3, 3 are the roots of x² + dx + b = 0 , then the roots of the equation x² + ax + b = 0 are
(1) 1, 2
(2) -1, 1
(3) 9, 1
(4) -1, 2
Answer:
(3) 9, 1

Explanation:
Given that 8 and 2 are the roots of the equation
x² + ax + c = 0 ———- (1)
Sum of the roots 8 + 2 = \(-\frac{a}{1}\) ⇒ a = -10
Product of the roots 8 × 2 = \(\frac{c}{1}\) ⇒ c = 16
Also given 3 , 3 are the roots of
x² + dx + b = 0 ——— (2)
Sum of the roots 3 + 3 = – \(\frac{d}{1}\) ⇒ d = – 6
Product of the roots 3 × 3 = \(\frac{b}{1}\) ⇒ b = 9
Let a and p be roots of the equation x² + ax + b = 0
Sum of the roots α + β = – y
α + β = -(-10)
α + β = 10 ——– (3)
Product of the roots α β = y
α β = 9 ———- (4)
(α – β) = (α + β)² – 4αβ
= 10² – 4 × 9
= 100 – 36 = 64
α – β = 8 ——— (5)
Solving equations (3) and (5)

Substituting in equation (3),
9 + β = 10
⇒ β = 10 – 9 = 1
∴ The required roots are 9, 1

Question 16.
If a and b are the real roots of the equation x² – kx + c = 0 , then the distance between the
points(a, 0) and (b, 0)is
(1) \(\sqrt{\mathbf{k}^{2}-4 \mathbf{c}}\)
(2) \(\sqrt{4 k^{2}-c}\)
(3) \(\sqrt{4 \mathbf{c}-\mathbf{k}^{2}}\)
(4) \(\sqrt{\mathbf{k}-8 \mathbf{c}}\)
Answer:
(1) \(\sqrt{\mathbf{k}^{2}-4 \mathbf{c}}\)

Explanation:
Given that a and b are the roots of the equation
x² – kx + c = 0 ——— (1)
Sum of the roots a + b = \(-\frac{(-k)}{1}\)
a + b = k ———- (2)
Product of the roots ab = \(\frac{c}{1}\)
ab = c ——– (3)
Distance between the points ( a, 0) and (b, 0) is

Question 17.
If then the value of k is
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
Answer:
(3) 3

Explanation:

kx = 2x – 2 + x + 2
kx = 3x ⇒ k = 3

Question 18.
If , then the value of A + B is
(1) – \(\frac{1}{2}\)
(2) – \(\frac{2}{3}\)
(3) \(\frac{1}{2}\)
(4) \(\frac{2}{3}\)
Answer:
(1) – \(\frac{1}{2}\)

Explanation:

1 – 2x = A (x + 1) + B(3 – x) ——— (1)
Put x = – 1 in equation (1)
1 – 2 (- 1) = A (- 1 + 1) + B (3 + 1)
1 + 2 = 0 + 4B ⇒ B = \(\frac{3}{4}\)
Put x = 3 in equation (1)
1 – 2 × 3 = A(3 + 1) + B(3 – 3)
1 – 6 = 4A + 0
– 5 = 4A

Question 19.
The number of roots of (x + 3)⁴ + (x + 5)⁴ = 16 is
(1) 4
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 0
Answer:
(1) 4

Explanation:
The equation is (x + 3)⁴ + (x + 5)⁴ = 16
(x + 3)⁴ + (x + 5)⁴ = 2⁴
This is biquadratic equation. It has 4 roots.

Question 20.
The value of
log₃ 11 . log₁₁ 13 . log ₁₃ 15 . log ₁₅ 27 . log ₂₇ 81 is
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
Answer:
(4) 4

Explanation:
log₃ 11 . log₁₁ 13 . log ₁₃ 15 . log ₁₅ 27 . log ₂₇ 81
= log₃ 13 . log ₁₃ 15 . log ₁₅ 27 . log ₂₇ 81
= log ₃ 15 . log ₁₅ 27 . log ₂₇ 81
= log ₃ 27 . log ₂₇ 81
= log ₃ 81
= log ₃3⁴
= 4 log ₃3
= 4 × 1
= 4

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.11 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.11

Question 1.
Simplify
(a) (125)^2/3
(b) 16^-3/4
(c) (- 1000)^-2/3
(d) (3^-6)^1/3
(e) \(\frac{27^{-\frac{2}{3}}}{27^{-\frac{1}{3}}}\)
Answer:
(a) (125)^2/3

(b) 16^-3/4

(c) (- 1000)^-2/3

(d) (3^-6)^1/3

(e) \(\frac{27^{-\frac{2}{3}}}{27^{-\frac{1}{3}}}\)

Question 2.
Evaluate
Answer:

Question 3.
If \(\left(x^{\frac{1}{2}}+x^{-\frac{1}{2}}\right)^{2}=\frac{9}{2}\) then find the value of \(\left(x^{\frac{1}{2}}-x^{-\frac{1}{2}}\right)\) for x > 1
Answer:

Question 4.
Simplify and hence find the value of n:
\(\frac{3^{2 n} \cdot 9^{2} \cdot 3^{-n}}{3^{3 n}}\) = 27
Answer:
Given

4 – 2n = 3
2n = 4 – 3
2n = 1
n = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)

Question 5.
Find the radius of the spherical tank whose volume is \(\frac{32 \pi}{3}\) units.
Answer:
Let r be the radius of the spherical tank.
Given volume of the spherical tank = \(\frac{32 \pi}{3}\)
\(\frac{4}{3}\)πr³ = \(\frac{32 \pi}{3}\)
4r³ = 32
r³ = \(\frac{32}{4}\) = 8
r³ = 2³
r = 2
∴ Radius of the spherical tank r = 2 units.

Question 6.
Simplify by rationalizing the denominator \(\frac{7+\sqrt{6}}{3-\sqrt{2}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{7+\sqrt{6}}{3-\sqrt{2}}\)
Multiply the numerator and denominator by 3 + √2

Question 7.
Simplify:

Answer:

Question 8.
If x = √2 + √3 find \(\frac{x^{2}+1}{x^{2}-2}\)
Answer:

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.10 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.10

Determine the region in the plane determined by the inequalities

Question 1.
x ≤ 3y, x ≥ y
Answer:
Consider the line x = 3y
When y = 0 ⇒ x = 0
When y = 1 ⇒ x = 3
When y = – 1 ⇒ x = – 3

Consider the line x = y
When x = 0 ⇒ y = o
When x = 1 ⇒ y = 1
When x = – 1 ⇒ y = – 1

To find the region of x ≤ 3y: The line x = 3y divides the cartesian plane into two half planes. Consider the point (1,1) this point satisfies the inequality x < 3y. This point (1,1) lies above the line x = 3y.

Hence all points satisfying the inequality lie above the line x = 3y.

Therefore x < 3y represents the upper half plane of the Cartesian plane bounded by the line x = 3y. Since x ≤ 3y, this region also contains all the points on the straight line x = 3y.

To find the region x ≥ y: The line x = y divides the cartesian plane into two half planes. Consider the point (2,1). This point (2,1) satisfies the inequality x > y and this point (2,1) lies below the line x = y. ∴ All points satisfying the inequality x > y will lie below the line x = y. Therefore x > y represents the lower half plane of the cartesian plane bounded by the line x = y. Since x > y this region also contains all the points on the straight line x = y.

The required region is the region common to the regions x ≤ 3y and x ≥ y

Question 2.
y ≥ 2x, – 2x + 3y ≤ 6
Answer:
Consider the straight line y = 2x
When x = 0 ⇒ y = 2 × 0 = 0
When x = 0 ⇒ y = 2 × 1 = 2
When x = – 1 ⇒ y = 2 × – 1 = – 2

Consider the line – 2x + 3y = 6
When x = 0 ⇒ – 2 × 0 + 3y = 6 ⇒ 3y = 6 ⇒ y = 2
When y = 0 ⇒ – 2x + 3 × 0 = 6 ⇒ -2x = 6 ⇒ x = – 3

To find the region of y ≥ 2x: The straight line y = 2x divides the cartesian plane into two half planes. Consider the point (1, 3) satisfying the inequality y > 2x. This point (1, 3) lies above the straight line y = 2x. ∴ All points satisfying the inequality y > 2x will lie above the line y = 2x.

To find the region of -2x + 3y ≤ 6:
The straight line – 2x + 3y = 6 divides the cartesian plane into two half planes one half plane contains the origin and the other half plane does not contain the origin.

Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality – 2x + 3y < 6
we get – 2 × 0 + 3 × 0 < 6 ⇒ 0 < 6
∴ (0,0) satisfies the inequality – 2x + 3y < 6
∴ The inequality – 2x + 3y < 6 represents the half plane containing the origin. Since – 2x + 3y ≤ 6, this region contains all the points on the straight line – 2x + 3y = 6.

The required region is the region common to y ≥ 2x and – 2x + 3y ≤ 6

Question 3.
3x + 5y ≥ 45, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Answer:
Consider the line 3x + 5y = 45
when x = 0, 3 × 0 + 5y = 45 ⇒ y = \(\frac{45}{5}\) = 9
when y = 0, 3x + 5 × 0 = 45 ⇒ x = \(\frac{45}{3}\) = 15

To find the region of x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0:
x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 denote the first quadrant of the Cartesian plane.
Since x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 this region contains all the points on the lines x = 0 and y = 0.

To find the region of 3x + 5y ≥ 45: The straight-line 3x + 5y = 45 divides the cartesian plane into two half-planes, one-half plane containing the origin and the other half-plane does not contain the origin.

Substitute the origin (0,0) in the inequality 3x + 5y > 45 we get 3 × 0 + 5 × 0 > 45 ⇒ 0 > 45 which is impossible. Therefore, (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequality 3x + 5y > 45 represents the half plane that does not contain the origin bounded by the straight line 3x + 5y = 45. Since 3x + 5y ≥ 45, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, this region contains all the points on the straight lines 3x + 5y = 45.

∴ The required region is the common region bounded by x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, and 3x + 5y ≥ 45.

Question 4.
2x + 3y ≤ 35, y ≥ 2, x ≥ 5.
Answer:
Consider the straight line 2x + 3y = 35
When x = 0, 2 × 0 + 3y = 35 ⇒ \(\frac{35}{3}\)
When y = 0, 2x + 3 × 0 = 35 ⇒ \(\frac{35}{2}\)

To find the region of 2x + 3y ≤ 35: The straight-line 2x + 3y = 35 divides the cartesian plane into two half-planes, one-half plane contains the origin and the other half-plane does not contain the origin.

Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality 2x + 3y < 35, we get 2 × 0 + 3 × 0 < 35 ⇒ 0 < 35. (0, 0) satisfies the inequality.

Therefore, the inequality 2x + 3y < 35 represents the half plane that contains the origin (0, 0) bounded by the straight line 2x + 3y = 35. Since 2x + 3y ≤ 35, this region contains all the points on the straight line 2x + 3y = 35.

To find the region y ≥ 2: The straight line y = 2 divides the cartesian plane into two half-planes, one-half plane contains the origin and the other half-plane does not contain the origin. Substitute the point (0, 0) in the inequality y ≥ 2 we get 0 >2 which is impossible. Hence (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequality y > 2.

∴ The inequality y > 2 represents the half-plane that does not contain the origin bounded by the straight line y = 2. Since y ≥ 2, this region contains all the points on the straight line y = 2.

To find the region x ≥ 5: The straight line x – 5 divides the cartesian plane into two half-planes, one half-plane containing the origin and the other half-plane does not contain the origin.

Substitute the origin (0,0) in the inequality x > 5 we get 0 > 5 which is impossible. Hence (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequality x > 5.

∴ The inequality x > 5 represents the half-plane that does not contain the origin bounded the straight line x = 5.
Since x ≥ 5, this region contains all the points on the straight line x = 5

∴ The required region is the common region bounded by 2x + 3y ≤ 35, y ≥ 2, x ≥ 5.

Question 5.
2x + 3y ≤ 6, x + 4y ≤ 4, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Answer:
Consider the straight line 2x + 3y = 6
When x = 0, 2 × 0 + 3y = 6 ⇒ y = \(\frac{6}{3}\) = 2
When y = 0, 2x + 3 × 0 = 6 ⇒ x = \(\frac{6}{2}\) = 3

Consider the straight line x + 4y = 4
When x = 0 ⇒ 0 + 4y = 4 ⇒ y = \(\frac{4}{4}\) = 1
When y = 0 ⇒ x + 4 × 0 = 4 ⇒ x = 4

To find the region of 2x + 3y ≤ 6: The straight line 2x + 3y = 6 divides the cartesian plane into two half planes, one half plane contains the origin and the other half plane does not contain the origin. Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality 2x + 3y < 6 we get 2 × 0 + 3 × 0 < 6 ⇒ 0 < 6

∴ The origin (0,0) satisfies the inequality 2x + 3y < 6. Hence the inequality 2x + 3y < 6 represents the half plane that contains the origin (0, 0). Since 2x + 3y ≤ 6, this region contains all the points on the straight line 2x + 3y = 6.

To find the region of x + 4y ≤ 4 : The straight line x + 4y = 4 divides the cartesian plane into two half planes, one half plane contains the origin and the other half plane does not contain the origin. Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality x + 4y < 4, we get 0 + 4 × 0 < 4 ⇒ 0 < 4.

Therefore the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequality x + 4y < 4. Therefore the inequality x + 4y < 4 represents the half-plane that contains the origin bounded by the line x + 4y = 4. Since x + 4y ≤ 4, this region contains all the points on the straight line.

To find the region x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0: x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 denote the first quadrant of the cartesian plane.
Since x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 this region contains all the points on the lines x = 0 and y = 0.

The required region is the common region bounded by 2x + 3y ≤ 6, x + 4y ≤ 4, x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0.

Question 6.
x – 2y ≥ 0 , 2x – y ≤ – 2 , x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Answer:
Consider the straight line x – 2y = 0
When x = 0
⇒ -2y = 0
⇒ y = 0

When x = 2
⇒ 2 – 2y = 0
⇒ 2y = 2
⇒ y = 1

When x = -2
⇒ – 2 – 2y = 0
⇒ -2y = 2
⇒ y = – 1

Consider the line 2x – y = – 2
When x = 0 ⇒ – y = – 2 ⇒ y = 2
When y = 0 ⇒ 2x – 0 = – 2 ⇒ x = – 1

To find the region of x – 2y ≥ 0: The straight line x – 2y = 0 divides the cartesian plane into two half-planes. Consider the point (3,1) satisfying the inequality x > 2y. The point (3, 1) lies below the straight line x = 2y in the cartesian plane.

∴ All the points satisfying the inequality x > 2y will lie in the half-plane below the straight line x = 2y. Since x ≥ 2y this region contains all the points on the straight line x = 2y.

To find the region of 2x – y ≤ – 2:
-(2x – y) ≥ 2 ⇒ – 2x + y ≥ 2
Consider the straight line – 2x + y = 2. This line divides the cartesian plane in to two half planes, one half plane contains the origin and the other half plane does not contain the origin. Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality – 2x + y > 2 we get- 2 × 0 + 0 > 2 ⇒ 0 > 2 which is impossible. Therefore (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequality -2x + y > 2. Hence the inequality -2x + y > 2 represents the half plane that does not contain the origin bounded by the straight line. Since -2x + y > 2, this region contains all the points on the straight line -2x + y = 2

To find the region of x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0: x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 denote the first quadrant of the cartesian plane. Since x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 this region contains all the points on the lines x = 0 and y = 0.

∴ The required region is the region common to x – 2y ≥ 0 , 2x – y ≤ – 2 , x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.

Question 7.
2x + y ≥ 8, x + 2y ≥ 8, x + y ≤ 6
Answer:
Consider the straight line 2x + y = 8
When x = 0 ⇒ 2 × 0 + y = 8 ⇒ y = 8
When y = 0 ⇒ 2x + 0 = 8 ⇒ x = \(\frac{8}{2}\) = 4

Consider the straight line x + 2y = 8
When x = 0 ⇒ 0 + 2y = 8 ⇒ y = \(\frac{8}{2}\) = 4
When y = 0 ⇒ x + 2 × 0 = 8 ⇒ x = 8

Consider the straight line x + y = 6
When x = 0 ⇒ 0 + y = 6 ⇒ y = 6
When y = 0 ⇒ x + 0 = 6 ⇒ x = 6

To find the region of 2x + y ≥ 8: The straight-line 2x + y = 8 divides the cartesian plane into two half-planes one half plane contains the origin and the other half plane does not contain the origin. Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality 2x + y > 8 we get 2 × 0 + 0 > 8 ⇒ 0 > 8 which is impossible.
∴ The origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequality 2x + y > 8. Hence the inequality 2x + y > 8 represents the half plane that does not contain the origin bounded by the straight line 2x + y = 8. Since 2x + y ≥ 8, this region contains all the points on the straight line 2x + y = 8.

To find the region of x + 2y ≥ 8: The straight line x + 2y = 8 divides the cartesian plane into two half planes, one half plane contains the origin and the other half plane doesnot contain the origin. Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality x + 2y > 8 we get 0 + 2 × 0 > 8 ⇒ 0 > 8 which is impossible. ∴ The origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequality x + 2y > 8. Therefore, the inequality x + 2y > 8 represents the half plane that does not contain the origin bounded by the straight line x + 2y = 8. Since x + 2y ≥ 8 this region contains all the points on the straight line x + 2y = 8.

To find the region of x + y ≤ 6: The straight line x + y = 6 divides the cartesian plane into two half-planes, one half-plane contains the origin and the other half-plane does not contain the origin. Substitute the origin (0, 0) in the inequality x + y < 6 we get 0 + 0 < 6 ⇒ 0 < 6 which is true.
∴ The origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequality x + y < 6. Hence, the inequality x + y < 6 represents the half plane that contains the origin bounded by the straight line x + y = 6. Since x + y ≤ 6, this region contains all the points on the straight line x + y = 6.

Thus the required region is the region common to 2x + y ≥ 8, x + 2y ≥ 8, x + y ≤ 6

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Guide Pdf Geography Term 3 Chapter 3 Road Safety Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Solutions Geography Term 3 Chapter 3 Road Safety

7th Social Science Guide Road Safety Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct answer:

Question 1.
Road safety is meant for
a) Passersby
b) drivers
c) public
d) all who use roads
Answer:
d) all who use roads

Question 2.
Road accidents affect a country’s
a) improvement
b) life
c) finance
d) all the above
Answer:
d) all the above

Question 3.
Permit refers to
a) permission for driving
b) permission for carrying goods
c) certificate for drivers
d) registration of vehicles
Answer:
a) permission for driving

Question 4.
Raksha safe drive is a device useful for
a) pedestrians
b) motorists
c) car drivers
d) passengers
Answer:
c) car drivers

Question 5.
Road safety week celebration was first imitated in India in the year
a) 1947
b) 1989
c) 1990
d) 2019
Answer:
b) 1989

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. The most useful invention of man for transport is ………………….
Answer:
wheel

2. Using …………………. is inevitable in our journey of life.
Answer:
Helmet

3. Too many vehicles on the road cause …………………. and …………………. pollution.
Answer:
Air, Noise

4. …………………. is the monetary supporter of a family.
Answer:
Breadwinner

5. In case of emergency for medical assistance call …………………. for help.
Answer:
108

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV. Consider the following statements:

Question 1.
Tick the appropriate answer:
Assertion (A) : Car pooling is the use of vehicles by turns. Reason (R) : It saves fuel, time and money and also.
a) A is correct and R is not correct
b) A is correct and R is also correct
c) A is wrong and R is correct
d) Both are wrong
Answer:
c) A is wrong and R is correct

Question 2.
Find the odd one
a) car
b) trucks
c) tempos
d) aeroplanes
Answer:
d) aeroplanes

Question 3.
Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer from the codes given below.

a) Road safety education in the school curriculum is an additional burden for the students.
Answer:
False

b) An ounce of practice is worth more than tons of preaching.
Answer:
True

c) Hoarding on roads has to be banned.
Answer:
True

d) Following road safety rules from childhood will become a habit in future.
Answer:
True

V. Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1.
What are the distractors while driving?
Answer:

• This is a larger threat and the leading cause of road accidents.
• It is the distraction of the driver, engaging in any other activity while driving.
• It may be talking over the mobile phone or texting messages or engaging in any activities with attention diverted from driving.

Question 2.
Mention the 2 safety gears for safe driving.
Answer:

• Obey the traffic rules and signs.
• Keep vehicle fit.

Question 3.
Why is not safe to drive at night?
Answer:

• Extra alertness is needed while driving at night.
• Uncontrolled sleep, tiredness due to the long drive, poor lighting on the road can cause fatal accidents.

Question 4.
When can a person obtain the night to drive a vehicle?
Answer:
As per Indian law, one should be eligible to get a driving license at the age of 18.

Question 5.
How can media promote road safety among the public?
Answer:
Mass media and journals could play a key role to raise awareness of road safety. In particular, they can disseminate preventive messages and promote safe behaviours, increase people’s knowledge and understanding of the gravity of the problem, and advocate for safer roads and systems.

VI. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.
List out the documents necessary for an Indian while driving.
Answer:
One who drives a vehicle should have undergone the training and tests to obtain a driving license.
It is compulsory to have the following documents:

• driving license
• registration certificate of the vehicle
• Insurance certificate
• Taxation certificate
• fitness certificate and permit.

Question 2.
What is the need for including road safety education in the school curriculum?
Answer:

• Provide Road Safety education since childhood.
• It has to be made a part of the school curriculum, syllabus, textbook and included in competition on road safety.
• Activities like writing slogans, essays, and paintings on this theme should be conducted for reinforcement.

Question 3.
How can parents teach their children road safety rules?
Answer:

• Parents and Teachers play a vital role in imparting road safety Education to young ones.
• If a child’s parent violates the traffic rules, the child too will initiate the same in the future.
• So the elders have to set an example for them in adhering to the safety rules and regulations.
• Video and computer games that simulate driving should be banned by the government.
• Help your children learn about traffic signals and rules.
• Warn them not to run across or along the road.
• Teach them to use the footpath while walking on the road.

HOTs:

Question 1.
Knowing the road safety rules, how will you influence your parents and relatives?
Answer:

1. We will educate parents on following road safety rules.
2. Explain the risk of not wearing a helmet.
3. We will insist our parents wear a seat belt while driving a car.
4. We will tell them not to exceed the speed limit while riding or driving.

Question 2.
If the wheel had not been invented, what might have been our mode of transport?
Answer:

• If the wheel had not been invented, there is a need for road transport.
• Walking would have been the only mode of transport.

7th Social Science Guide Road Safety Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct answer.

Question 1
……………….. is the world’s largest contributor to road accidents.
a) China
b) India
c) Africa
d) none
Answer:
b) India

Question 2.
India accounts for about ……………….. of road accident fatalities at worldwide.
a) 50%
b) 70%
c) 10%
d) 20%
Answer:
c) 10%

Question 3.
……………….. failure can result in crucial collisions.
a) Brake
b) Accelerator
c) Gear
d) all of these
Answer:
a) Brake

Question 4.
The Government of India observes; Road Safety Week; awareness during ……………….. Every year.
a) December
b) January
c) November
d) none
Answer:
b) January

Question 5.
Every country celebrates ……………….. week.
a) Road safety
b) Road rules
c) Regulation
d) Traffic Signs
Answer:
a) Road safety

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. Accident occurs to the ……………….. of the driver, engaging in any other activity while driving.
Answer:
distraction

2. ……………….. is a major traffic violation of rules.
Answer:
Reckless driving

3. Increase of ……………….. on the road create a heavy traffic jam and cause more pollution.
Answer:
vehicles
4. Impatience of ……………….. and violation of traffic rules result in accidents.
Answer:
Pedestrians

5. Avoiding the use of ……………….. for two-wheelers lead to unwanted happenings.
Answer:
helmets

6. ……………….. is a device capable of automatic crash detection.
Answer:
Raksha safe drive

7. ……………….. will reduce the number of vehicles on the road.
Answer:
Carpooling

8. Parents and Teachers play a vital role in imparting road safety Education ………………..
Answer:
young ones

9. ……………….. is a healthy habit and reduces pollution.
Answer:
Cycling

10. ……………….. act as silent conductors of the traffic on the road.
Answer:
Traffic signs

III. Match the following

Answer:

IV. Consider the following statements:

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Reckless driving is a major traffic violation of rules.
Reason (R) : In which the driver Purposely disregards the rules of the road.
a) A is correct and R is not correct
b) A is correct and R is also correct
c) A is wrong and R is correct
d) Both are wrong
Answer:
b) A is correct and R is also correct

Question 2.
Find the odd one.
a) STOP OR SLOW DOWN
b) BUCKLE UP
c) WEAR HELMET
d) KEEP VEHICLES FIT
e) PROHIBITION the hoarding soil
Answer:
e) PROHIBITION the hoarding soil

V. Answer in one or two sentences :

Question 1.
Define Raksha safe drive.
Answer:
Raksha safe drive is a device capable of automatic crash detection, two-way call connectivity, GPS tracking, engine health monitoring, and a smart panic button.

Question 2.
Write short notes on Carpooling.
Answer:
Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in the car, and prevents the need for more cars to the same location.

Question 3.
Write the impact of Alcohol.
Answer:

• Alcohol leads to fatal accidents.
• Alcohol affects your vision, judgment, and ability to react quickly.

VI. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.
Explain the Golden Rules for Road Safety.
Answer:

• Stop or slow down
• Buckle up
• Obey traffic rules and signs
• Obey speed limits
• Keep vehicle fit
• Never use mobile while driving
• Wear helmet
• Never drive dangerously
• Be courteous
• Never mix drinking and driving.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Guide Pdf Term 1 Prose Chapter 1 Sea Turtles Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Solutions Term 1 Prose Chapter 1 Sea Turtles

6th English Guide Sea Turtles Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Warm-Up (Text Book Page No. 86)

1. Have you seen turtles? Where do they live?
Yes, I have seen turtles. They live in the Oceans.

2. What do you know about turtles?
Turtles spend their entire life in the sea. They are big in size.
They come ashore to lay eggs.

3. Why do you think the turtles in the picture have names such as Leatherback and Hawksbill?
I think that the shells of the turtles are like leather and hawksbill.

Section – I

Textual Exercises

Put a Right(✓) for the correct and a Wrong(✗) for the incorrect statements (Text Book Page No. 89)

1. Turtles are different from tortoises. (✓)
2. Turtles are sea animals. (✓)
3. There are seven kinds of sea turtles in the world. (✓)
4. Sea turtles are very small. (✗)
5. Turtles come ashore to lay eggs. (✓)
6. Sea turtles come to rest on land. (✗)
7. Olive Ridleys are the only sea turtles seen on Indian shores. (✓)

Section – II

Textual Questions

Are these statements right? Discuss with your partner and (✓) them if they are correct. Correct (✗) them if they are wrong. Share your answers in class. (Text Book Page No. 93)

1. Female Olive Ridleys come ashore at night to lay eggs. (✓)
2. The eggs of an Olive Ridley are in the shape and size of a cricket ball. (✗)
3. Ridleys come to lay their eggs in the month of January. (✗)
4. The turtles use their flippers and make a hollow for their nests. (✗)
5. The hatchlings use a tiny egg-tooth to come out of the eggs. (✓)

Section – III

Textual Questions

Fill in the table given below: (Text Book Page No. 94)

Answer:

Read and Understand (Text Book Page No. 94)

A. Choose the correct answers. You may choose more than one answer if needed.

1. The ………………….. is a biological relative of tortoises.
a) sea turtle
b) fish
c) reptile
Answer:
a) sea turtle

2. In India’s coastal waters we can see a species of ……………………
a) tortoises
b) sea turtles
c) dolphin
Answer:
b) sea turtles

3. Sea turtles come to the shore to ……………………
a) visit their birthplace
b) lay eggs
c) go back to sea
Answer:
b) lay eggs

4. It is a problem for sea turtles to come ashore because of…………………..
a) they find it difficult to walk on the sand
b) they don’t know their way to the shore
c) animals and people hunt them
Answer:
c) animals and people hunt them

5. A turtle’s flippers help it to …………………..
a) swim
b) dig a nest
c) climb
Answer:
a) swim

6. A sea turtle camouflages its nest by tossing sand on it to ……………………
a) hide its eggs from predators
b) incubate eggs in the warmth of the sun
c) keep the hatchlings safe
Answer:
b) incubate eggs in the warmth of the sun

Vocabulary (Text Book Page No. 95)

B. Find any five words related to sea from the text (Sections I & II). Write them below. Then use the words to frame sentences of your own.
eg:
Beach – We like to play on the sandy beach.
Answer:

• Turtle – Turtle lives in India’s coastal areas.
• Coastal water – We find turtles in India’s coastal water.
• Ashore – The fishermen keep their boats ashore.
• Coast – They find the coconut trees all along the sea coast.
• Sand – Children play on the sandy beach

C. Fill in the blanks with words that convey the correct meaning of the sentences. (Text Book Page No. 95)

1. Tiny hatchlings fall prev (pray / prey) to many predators.
2. Sea turtles live their whole (hole/whole) life in the sea.
3. The turtles come ashore only during the night (night/knight).
4. The predators follow the scent (sent / scent) of the turtles to eat their eggs.
5. The female turtles lay eggs and go back to the sea (see / sea).

D. Use the clues and fill in the crossword puzzle. (Text Book Page No. 95)

1. This word rhymes with seen.
2. This animal has two horns and a spotted coat.
3. This is a huge sea animal.
4. Sounds like hair
5. Shines brightly
6. Rhyme with load

Listening (Text Book Page No. 97)

E. Listen to the flash news. Read the questions given below, then listen to the flash news again and complete the responses.

Answer:

Speaking (Text Book Page No. 97)

F. Look at the picture. Work in groups and give a short talk about it using the words given below.

Volunteers of the Student’s Sea Turtle Conservation Network
(SSTCN) release Olive Ridley hatchlings into the sea.
The boys in the picture are the Volunteers of the Students’Sea Turtle Conservation. They are letting the Olive Ridley hatchlings into the sea. Female Olive Ridley comes ashore at night to lay eggs. They select a place away from the rough sea. The turtle scoops out a nest cavity. The turtles lay eggs in the cavity and fill the cavity with sands. The eggs are incubated under the warmth of the sun. They are hatched and come out to the surface. They hurry up to the sea. The boys enjoy in collecting the hatchlings in the basket and let them into the waves.

Use Grammar (Text Book Page No. 98)

G. Make meaningful sentences from the table given below.

A turtle is huge. It uses flippers to swim. Turtles live in the sea. They have a connection with the land. They are found in coastal waters. They are wonderful creatures.

Textual Exercise

H. Write a suitable sentence for the pictures given below. (Text Book Page No. 99)

Answer:

I. Match the two halves of the sentences and read them. (Text Book Page No. 99)

Answer:

Writing

J. Tortoises and Turtles are not the same. Read the facts given below. List the similarities and differences between them.

Answer:

K. Write a paragraph from the contents of the table given above. Frame sentences with these words – but, as well as, whereas. (Text Book Page No. 100)
e.g. A turtle, as well as a tortoise, belongs to the reptile family.
A Turtle as well as a tortoise belongs to the reptile family. A tortoise is a land animal whereas a turtle is a sea animal. Tortoise uses its tiny feet to walk but turtle uses its flippers to swim. Tortoise eats grass, weeds, and flowers whereas turtle eats insects and bugs. Both have a long life.

Creative Writing

L. Describe the picture in about fifty words and give a suitable title. Make use of the words/phrases given below.

There are many sea animals. There are many rare species. They live in the deep sea. Fishes living under the sea. They are in different colours and sizes. There are varieties of sea animals.

Sea Turtles Summary in English

There are seven species of turtles in the world. Five in India’s coastal water Olive Rid seen all along our coasts. Between January to March female Olive Ridleys come ashore their eggs. They will prey to crabs or birds even before they reach the water. If we systematically tackle their problem and remove the threats, we can ensure their lives.

Sea Turtles Summary in Tamil

– உலகில் ஏழு ஆமைகள் உள்ளன. இந்தியாவில் கடலோர நீரில் ஐந்தும், ஆலிவ் ரிட் நம் கடற்கரையில் முழுவதும் காணப்படுகிறது. ஐனவரி முதல் மார்ச் வரை பெண் ஆலிவ் ரிட்லீஸ் தங்கள் முட்டைகள் கரைக்கு வருகின்றன. அவை தண்ணீரை அடைவதற்கு முன்பே நண்டுகள் அல்லது பறைவகளுக்கு இரையாகும். அவைகளின் பிரச்சனைகளை நாம் முறையாகக் கையாண்டு அச்சுறுத்தல்களை அகற்றினால், அவைகளின் வாழ்க்கையை உறுதிப்படுத்த முடியும்.