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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Guide Pdf Term 3 Supplementary Chapter 1 The Witty Sparrow Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Solutions Term 3 Supplementary Chapter 1 The Witty Sparrow

5th English Guide The Witty Sparrow Text Book Back Questions and Answers

In-Text Question:

Question 1.
Guess how would the sparrow pull the elephant and the crocodile.
Answer:
The sparrow would not pull the elephant and the crocodile by itself. It took a strong creeper and tied the elephant with one end of the creeper. Then it tied the crocodile with the other end of the creeper. When it told them to pull, the elephant and the crocodile pulled each other at the same time.

A. Choose the best answer:

Question 1.
All the animals called the sparrow _______.
a) queen
b) madam
c) princess
Answer:
b) madam

Question 2.
The brown sparrow laid _______ eggs.
a) four
b) six
c) three
Answer:
c) three

Question 3.
_______ lies stretching in the river.
a) crocodile
b) snake
c) tortoise
Answer:
a) Crocodile

Question 4.
Sparrow tied the elephant and the crocodile with a _______.
a) rope
b) cloth
c) creeper
Answer:
c) creeper

Question 5.
The sparrow solves the problem with her _______.
a) cunningness
b) intelligence
c) braveness
Answer:
b) intelligence

B. Number the pictures and incorrect order of the story:

Question 1.

Answer:

C. Try your own:

Question 1.

Answer:

D. Speak and win:

Join in either group and speak using 4 to 5 sentences to win.

I support the sparrow for her intelligence:

1. The sparrow was worried that the elephant might crack the eggs.
2. The crocodile was blocking the way and asked the sparrow to drink muddy water.
3. The sparrow gave a warning to the elephant and also to the crocodile.
4. But both ignored the sparrow’s warnings.
5. So, the sparrow tied both the animals with a strong creeper.
6. So, nothing wrong in punishing both the animals, using intelligence.

I oppose the sparrow for using her intelligence to cheat others:

1. Sparrow is a very small bird.
2. It is not possible to tie both animals with a creeper.
3. If the sparrow wanted to safeguard its eggs, it should shift its nest to a safer place.

Let us read aloud:

Read the passage 3 times and colour a camel for each time:

Once two merchants lost a camel. They met a boy who was passing by and asked him if he had seen it. The boy said he had not seen the camel. He asked, “Was your camel blind in the right eye?”. “Yes, he was”, said the merchants. “Was it lame in one left foot?”, asked the boy. It was!”, said the merchants. “Was it’s front tooth missing?” asked the boy.” yes,” they said. “Did it have honey on one side and wheat on the other?”. “yes!,” they answered. “Please take us to it.”

“But, I have not seen your camel,” said the boy “and I do not know where it is”. The merchants got angry and said, “Really! How could you tell us everything about our camel?” “That is my secret”. said the boy.

The merchants took him to the king. The boy told the king that he had not seen it. Then, the king asked him how he knew so much about it. The boy said that the camel had eaten grass only on the left side of the path. So he knew that it was blind. The marks of its one left foot were faint.

This showed that the camel was lame. While eating grass, it had not eaten the grass in the middle. So he learnt that it had lost its front teeth. There were ants carrying grains of wheat on one side of the path and flies eating honey on the other.”

Find and write the clues:

Question 1.
Clue for blind eye _______.
Answer:
The camel had eaten grass only on the left side of the path.

Question 2.
Clue for lame _______.
Answer:
The marks of its one left foot were faint.

Question 3.
Clue for lost teeth _______.
Answer:
While eating grass, the camel had not eaten the grass in the middle.

Question 4.
Clue for the load on the camel _______.
Answer:
There were ants carrying grains of wheat on one side of the path and flies eating honey on the other.

Let us write:

Dialogue Writing:

Write the dialogue and complete the story.

Rabbit: Lion King, as I was coming to give myself as lunch for you, another lion blocked me on the way.

Lion: How can another lion live in this forest, when I am here? Take me immediately to his place.

Lion: Ah! yes, he looks like me. Here I will jump into the well and kill him.

Rabbit: Oh foolish lion. It was not another lion, it was your own image reflection.

I can do:

A. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Name of the object
Answer:
Toffee

Question 2.
In your mother tongue.
Answer:
மிட்டாய்

Question 3.
Use in a sentence
Answer:
I like to eat a toffee.

B. Fill in the blanks with to, too and two:

Question 1.
I need _______ write _______ pages on this topic.
Answer:
I need to write two pages on this topic.

Question 2.
These clothes are _______ expensive.
Answer:
These clothes are too expensive.

Question 3.
Donald ran _______ kilometers.
Answer:
Donald ran two kilometers.

C. Tick the correct word:

Question 1.

Answer:
too

Question 2.

Answer:
two

D. Recite any four lines of the poem with correct intonation:

Activity to be done by students.

E. Match the rhyming words:

Answer:

F. Circle and write the adverbs from the sentences:

Question 1.
The boy speaks loudly.
Answer:
loudly

Question 2.
She speaks English fluently.
Answer:
fluently

Question 3.
Our mum spoke to us angrily.
Answer:
angrily

Question 4.
The painter paints wonderfully.
Answer:
wonderfully

5th English Guide The Witty Sparrow Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
The sparrow’s nest was in a _______.
(a) hut
(b) tower
(c) bush
Answer:
(c) bush

Question 2.
Gullu is the name of the _______.
(a) crocodile
(b) elephant
(c) Sparrow
Answer:
(b) elephant

Question 3.
The crocodile told the sparrow to drink the _______ water.
(a) clean
(b) well
(c) muddy
Answer:
(c) muddy

Question 4.
At last, the elephant ran into the _______.
(a) village
(b) forest
(c) town
Answer:
(b) forest

Question 5.
The sparrow went to the _______ of the creeper.
(a) center
(b) left end
(c) right end
Answer:
(a) center

II. Identify the Speaker:

Question 1.
“Today, I will let you be.”
Answer:
The sparrow

Question 2.
“Move on, did you say?”
Answer:
The crocodile

Question 3.
“Let us see if you can move an inch.”
Answer:
The sparrow

Question 4.
“Please let me go..”
Answer:
The elephant

Question 5.
“Don’t you dare to move.”
Answer:
The sparrow

Question 6.
“I won’t stand in your way.”
Answer:
The crocodile

Question 7.
“I won’t disturb you again…”
Answer:
The elephant

Question 8.
“I warned you yesterday.”
Answer:
The sparrow

III. Say True or False:

Question 1.
Once, a very foolish sparrow lived in a forest.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
All the animals respected the sparrow except the elephant.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
The sparrow had two eggs in her nest.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
The elephant came thumping towards the bush.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
That morning, the sparrow went to the river bank to drink water.
Answer:
False

IV. Answer the following:

Question 1.
How did the elephant walk?
Answer:
The elephant walked past the bush purposefully, making a “thud, thud” sound.

Question 2.
Why was the sparrow worried?
Answer:
The sparrow was worried because the elephant might crack the eggs.

Question 3.
Why did the sparrow warn the crocodile?
Answer:
The sparrow warned the crocodile because the crocodile was stretching in the spot, where the sparrow used to drink water.

Question 4.
Why were the elephant and the crocodile exhausted?
Answer:
The elephant and the crocodile were tied with a strong creeper by the sparrow. They pulled each other at the same time. That process of pulling went on all day. So, both the animals were exhausted.

The Witty Sparrow Summary in English and Tamil

Once, a very clever brown sparrow lived in a forest had three eggs in her nest. The nest was in a bush. All the animals greeted her ‘Madam’ with respect. Gullu, the young elephant never did so. THUD! THUD! Gullu walked past the bush purposefully. It rattled the nest. Madam was worried that Gullu might crack the eggs.

ஒரு காலத்தில் ஒரு புத்திசாலியான பழுப்புநிறக் குருவி காட்டில் வாழ்ந்து வந்தது. புதரில் இருந்த அதன் கூட்டில் மூன்று முட்டைகள் இருந்தன. எல்லா விலங்குகளும் மரியாதையாக அந்தக்குருவியை ‘மேடம்’ என்று அழைத்தனர். ஆனால் குல்லு என்ற இளம் யானை ஒருபோதும் அப்படி செய்யவில்லை. வேண்டுமென்றே குல்லு தட தட வென்று புதரைக் கடந்து செல்லும். அதனால் கூடு அதிரும். இதனால் முட்டைகள் கீறல் விழுந்துவிடுமோ என குருவி கவலைப்பட்டது.

Sparrow to Elephant: If you do this tomorrow. I will tie you up with a strong rope and then, You can’t move at all. I warn you.

குருவி யானையிடம்: நாளை இதேமாதிரி நீ தடதடவென நடந்தால், நான் உன்னை பலமான கயிற்றைக் கொண்டு கட்டிவைத்து ”விடுவேன். உன்னால் அசையவே முடியாது. நான் உன்னை எச்சரிக்கிறேன்.

Elephant (யானை):
Tie me up!
Ha…ha…ha…
We will see.

ஹா! ஹா! என்னை கட்டி வைப்பாயா? பார்ப்போம்.

That afternoon, she went to the river bank to drink water. A crocodile was stretching in the spot she was drinking water.
Sparrow to Crocodile: Blocking me again? You have done it twice this week. Move on, I don’t want to drink muddy water.
Crocodile to Sparrow: Move on, did you say? I will stay put, you better go elsewhere to drink water.

மத்தியானம் குருவி ஆற்றங்கரைக்கு நீர் குடிக்க சென்றது. அது நீர் அருந்தும் இடத்தில் ஒரு முதலை படுத்து இருந்தது.
குருவி: மறுபடி என்னை வழிமறிக்கிறாயா? இந்த வாரத்தில் இரண்டு முறை இப்படி செய்துவிட்டாய். விலகு, நான் சேற்று நீரை குடிக்க விரும்பவில்லை.
முதலை: விலகு என்றா சொன்னாய்? நான் இங்கு தான் இருப்பேன். நீ வேறு இடத்திற்கு சென்று தண்ணீ ர் குடி.

Sparrow to Crocodile: Today, I will let you be. But if I find you in the same place tomorrow. I will tie you up with a strong rope.
Crocodile to Sparrow: The sparrow went to her nest and started thinking furiously.

குருவி முதலையிடம்: இன்று உன்னை விட்டுவிடுகிறேன். ஆனால் நாளை உன்னை இதே இடத்தில் நான் பார்த்தால், பலமான கயிற்றால் உன்னை கட்டிவிடுவேன்.
முதலை: சிறு ஜீவனான நீ என்னைக் கட்டுவாயா? ஹா… ஹா….
குருவி தன் கூட்டிற்கு சென்றது. அதற்கு புத்திசாலித்தனமான ஒரு யோசனை கிடைத்தது.

The next morning, Gullu came thumping towards the bush.
Elephant to Sparrow: HEY! Are you not tying me up?
Sparrow to Elephant: How dare you! Aren’t you afraid of me? Just wait.

மறுநாள் காலை, யானை தடதடவென்று புதரை நோக்கி வந்தது.
என்னிடம் உனக்கு பயம் இல்லையா? இங்கே சிறிது
யானை குருவியிடம்: “ஏய் நீ என்னை கட்டவில்லையா?”
குருவி யானையிடம்: “என்ன தைரியம் உனக்கு? காத்திரு”.

The sparrow took a strong creeper and tied the elephant on one end. USHHHHH! Don’t you dare to move? Stay here, until I fly and reach the other end of the rope to pull you. When I say ‘pull’, pull with all your strength. Let us see if you can move an inch.

குருவி ஒரு பலமான தாவரக் கொடியை எடுத்து வந்து அதன் ஒரு முனையில் யானையை கட்டியது.
குருவி யானையிடம்: “உஷ்! உன்னை இழுக்க கயிற்றின் மறுமுனைக்கு நான் பறந்து செல்லும் வரை, நீ அசையாமல் இங்கேயே இரு. நான் இழு என்று சொல்லும் போது உன் முழு பலத்துடன் இழு. உன்னால் ஓர் அங்குலமாவது நகர முடிகிறதா என்று பார்ப்போம்.

It went to the river, saw the crocodile blocking its way.
Crocodile to Sparrow: I will not move! Just like yesterday, drink the muddy water.

குருவி ஆற்றுக்கு சென்றது. முதலை மறுபடியும் அதன் வழியில் குறுக்கிடுவதைக் கண்டது.
முதலை குருவியிடம்: “நான் நேற்றுப் போலவே சிறிது கூட அசைய மாட்டேன். நீ சேற்று நீரை குடி.”

Sparrow took the other end of the creeper and tied the crocodile.
Sparrow to Crocodile: I warned you yesterday. Now stay still, until I grab the other end. When I say ‘Pull’, let’s see if you are able to pull or not.

குருவி, தாவரக் கொடியின் மறுமுனையை எடுத்து வந்து முதலையை கட்டியது.
குருவி முதலையிடம்: “நான் நேற்றே உன்னை எச்சரித்தேன். இப்பொழுது நான் மறு முனையை பற்றி, இழுக்கும்வரை அசையாமல் இரு. நான் ‘இழு’ என்று சொல்லும்போது உன்னால் இழுக்க முடிகிறதா இல்லையா என பார்க்கலாம்.”

Sparrow went to the center of the creeper. Pull The elephant and the crocodile pulled each other at the same time.

குருவி, கொடியின் மையப் பகுதிக்கு சென்றது. ‘இழு’ என்று சத்தமிட்டது. யானையும், முதலையும் ஒரே சமயத்தில் ஒன்றையொன்று இழுத்தன.

This went on all day. Both the animals were exhausted.
Elephant to Sparrow: Please let me go. I won’t disturb you again…
Crocodile to Sparrow: Untie me! I won’t stand in your way.
Sparrow : Good, I will remove the rope. Gullu ran into the forest and the crocodile dived into the river. Soon the eggs hatched. Madam Sparrow lived happily with her three little babies.

நாள் முழுவதும் இப்படியே இழுத்துக் கொண்டு இருந்தன. முடிவில் இரண்டு விலங்குகளும் களைப்படைந்தன.
யானை குருவியிடம்: “தயவு செய்து என்னை விட்டுவிடு. நான் மறுபடியும் உன்னை தொந்தரவு செய்யமாட்டேன்,
முதலை குருவியிடம்: “என்னை கட்டவிழ்த்து விடு நான் மறுபடியும் உன் வழியில் குறுக்கிடமாட்டேன்”.

குருவி: இப்பொழுது நான் கொடி கயிற்றை எடுத்து விடுகிறேன். யானை குல்லு காட்டிற்குள் ஓடிவிட்டது. முதலையும் ஆற்றில் நீந்திச் சென்றுவிட்டது. விரைவில் குருவியின் முட்டைகள் பொறிந்தன. குருவி தன் மூன்று குருவிக்குஞ்சுகளுடன் மகிழ்ச்சியாக வாழ்ந்தது.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Guide Pdf History Term 1 Chapter 1 Sources of Medieval India Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Solutions History Term 3 Chapter 3 Jainism, Buddhism and Ajivika Philosophy in Tamil Nadu

7th Social Science Guide Jainism, Buddhism and Ajivika Philosophy in Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Where was the first Jain Council held to codify the Jaina canon?
a) Pataliputra
b) Vallabhi
c) Mathura
d) Kanchipuram
Answer:
a) Pataliputra

Question 2.
In which language was Agama sutras written?
a) Ardha-Magadhi Prakrit
b) Hindi
c) Sanskrit
d) Pali
Answer:
a) Ardha-Magadhi Prakrit

Question 3.
Which of the following was patronised by the Kalabhras?
a) Buddhism
b) Jainism
c)Ajivikas
d) Hinduism
Answer:
b) Jainism

Question 4.
Where are the Rock beds found with no head-rests?
a) Vellore
b) Kanchipuram
c) Sittanavasal
d) Madurai
Answer:
a) Vellore

Question 5.
Who is believed to have built the Kazhugumalai Rock-Cut Temple?
a) Mahendra Varman
b) Parantaka Nedunchadayan
c) Parantaka Veera Narayana Pandyan
d) Harihara II
Answer:
b) Parantaka Nedunchadayan

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. The image of………………. is considered to be the tallest Jain image in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Neminatha

2. Buddhacarita was written by……………….
Answer:
Asvaghosa

3. Chinese traveller Huein Tsang visited Pallava country in ……………….century.
Answer:
7th

4. ……………….describes Buddhism as a religion in decay.
Answer:
Mattavilasa prahasana

5. The Mauryan emperor Asoka and his grandson Dasaratha patronised……………….
Answer:
Ajivikas

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Find out the odd one
Tiruparuttikunram, Kizha Kuyil Kudi, Kazhugumalai, Nagapattinum, Sittanavasal.
Answer:

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : Gautama found that he had nothing to learn from the teachers of the old religions. Reason (R) : The religions proclaimed that the only way to salvation was through living the life of an ascetic.
a) A is correct. R is the correct explanation of A.
b) A is correct. R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) Both A and R are wrong.
d) A is wrong. But R is correct.
Answer:
a) A is correct. R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 3.
Find out the correct statement/s
i) During the 6th century B.C. as many as 62 religious schools flourished in India.
ii) ‘Palli’is an educational centre of Buddhists.
iii) Royal patronage allowed pre-Muslim India to become a land of vihars.
iv) The Ajivikas continued to exist till 15th century.
a) i) and iii) are correct
b) i), ii) and iv) are correct
c) i) and ii) are correct
d) ii), iii) and iv) are correct
Answer:
a) i) and iii) are correct

Question 4.
Find out the wrong pair/s
1. Parshvanatha – 22^nd Tirthankara
2. Mahabhasya – the Ceylonese Chroniclei
3. Visuddhimagga – Buddhagosha
4. Buddha – Eight-fold Path
Answer:
1. Parshvanatha – 22^nd Tirthankara
2. Mahabhasya – the Ceylonese Chroniclei

V. True or False:

1. The 12th Agama Sutra is said to have been lost.
Answer:
True

2. Throughout history, Ajivikas had to face persecution everywhere.
Answer:
True

3. Education was imparted in institutions of Jains irrespective of caste and creed.
Answer:
True

4. Nalanda, Taxila and Vikramashila gained reputation as pilgrim centres.
Answer:
False

5. Buddhism faced challenges from Saiva and Vaishnava sects from the Chola period onwards.
Answer:
False

VI. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Make a list of the Five Great Vows of Jainism.
Answer:

• Non-violence – Ahimsa
• Truth – Satya
• Non-stealing – Acharya
• Celibacy/Chastity – Brahmacharya
• Non-possession – Aparigraha

Question 2.
What are the four noble truths of Buddha?
Answer:

• Life includes pain, getting the old, disease, and ultimately death.
• Suffering is caused by craving and aversion.
• Suffering can be overcome and happiness attained.
• True happiness and contentment are possible if one pursues the eight-fold path.

Question 3.
Explain the three divisions of Tripitaka.
Answer:

1. Vinaya Pitaka contains the rules of the order of Buddhist monks, which must be observed for achieving purity of conduct.
2. Sutta Pitaka lays down the principles of religion by citing discourses as evidence.
3. Abhidhamma Pitaka is the latest in the Tripitaka. It deals with ethics, philosophy, and metaphysics.

Question 4.
Highlight the importance of Sittanavasal.
Answer:

• Sittanavasal cave in Pudukkottai district is located on a prominent rock that stands 70 m above the ground.
• It has a natural cavern, known as Eladipattam, at one end, and a rock-cut cave temple at the other.
• Behind the fenced cavern,there are 17 rock beds marked on the floor.
• The largest of these ascetic beds contains a Tamil-Brahmi inscription that dates to the 2nd century B.C.

VII. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Enumerate the sources of study for Jainism and Buddhism
Answer:
Sources and Literature: Jainism:

• Agama Sutras consists of many sacred books of the Jain religion.
• They have been written in the Ardha-magadhi Prakrit language.
• Stories of Kalpasutra of Bhadrabah, Panchatantra.
• The Jainacharitha of Kalpa Sutra, Jivaka Chintamani, a Tamil epic poem.
• These are written by Jain Monk.

Temples and Cave temples of Jainism:

• Sittanavasal cave in Pudukkottai district-Rock Beds,The stone berths, ascetic beds.
• Jain temples in Kanchipuram are Trilokyanatha.
• Jinaswamy Temple at Tiruparutti kunram
• The Chandra Prabha temple dedicated to the Tirthankara named Chandraprabha.
• Kazhugumalai Jain Rock-Cut Temple. Areas are Vellore, Tirumala, Arai, Madurai.

Buddhist Literature:
Tripitaka was written in the Pali language.

Literary works in Buddhism include:

• Jatakas
• Buddhavamsa
• Milindapanha-which means questions of Milinda’.
• The two’ famous Ceylonese chronicles are
• Mahavamsa and Dipavamsa.
• Buddhagosha’s Visuddhimagga is work.
• Buddhacharita, written by Asvaghosa.

Question 2.
Give an account of relics of Jainism and Buddhism that have come to light in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Relics of Jainism:

• Sittanavasl cave in Pudukkottai district. It consists of Rock Beds, stone berths, ascetic beds.
• The largest of these ascetic beds contains a Tamil-Brahmi inscription.
• Arivar Koil was built during the period of pandas.
• Jain Temples in Kanchipuram, Thirupattikunram.
• Kazhugumalai temple rock-cut temple.
• The beds are found at the Bhairavamalai in Latheri, Katpadi taluk, Vellore district.
• Tirumala is a Jain temple in a cave complex located near Aranitown.
• There are 26 caves, 200 stone beds, 60 inscriptions, and over 100 sculptures in and around Madurai.

Relics of Buddhism:

• The discovery of 13th century Buddhist bronzes in Nagapattinam.
• The sculptures of Buddha inThiyaganur village in Salem district.
• The evidence in support of this is some monuments of the Pandya country, which are assigned to the 3rd century B.C. (BCE).
• Excavations of Buddhist Vihara and a temple at Kaveripoompattinam.
• Buddha statue in padmasana’ pose in remote Tirunattiyattankudi village in Tiruvarur district.

Question 3.
Discuss the essence of Ajivika philosophy and its presence in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

• The Ajivikas believed in the doctrine of karma, transmigration of the soul, and determinism.
• The head of the Ajivika sect was Gosala Makhaliputta.
• The Ajivikas practiced asceticism of a severe type.
• The Ajivika religious order and school of philosophy are known from the Vedic hymns, the Brahmanas, the Aryankas, and other ancient Sanskrit compilations and treatises of the pre-Jaina and pre-Buddhi stage.

Presence in TamilNadu:

• Ajivikas continued to have influence along the Palar river in the modem states of Karnataka and TamilNadu (Vellore, Kanchipuram, and Tiruvallur districts) till about the 14th century.
• In the end, they seemed to have been absorbed into Vaishnavism.

VIII. Hots:

Question 1.
Analyze the commonalities and differences between heterodox religions and Vedic religion.
Answer:
Heterodox religious and Vedic religion commonalities.

• Heterodox religious like. Buddhism and Jainism co-existence peacefully with various sects of Hinduism.
• All the religious doctrine and codified into texts to be followed by their devotees and practitioners.
• All the religions shared their key concepts.

Question 2.
Why did these heterodox religions fail to become mainstream religion in India?
Answer:

1. Though Buddhism faced challenges from Saiva and Vaishnava sects from the Pallava period onwards.
2. Since the time of the Bhakthi Movement, Buddhism came to be challenged by its exponents.
3. In the case of Jainism lack of patronage lack of efforts to spread the religion, Jain adopted many Hindu faiths.
4. Jain’s stater of differentiating people in the name of caste and classes.

7th Social Science Guide Jainism, Buddhism and Ajivika Philosophy in Tamil Nadu Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct answer:

Question 1.
After two hundred years of Maveeran dead, Jain Scholars assembled at ……………………
a) Kosalam
b) Kovalam
c) Mauvnam
d) Pataliputra
Answer:
d) Pataliputra

Question 2.
Agama Sutras consists of many sacred books of the ……………………religion.
a) Hindu
b) Buddha
c) Jain
d) French
Answer:
c) Jain

Question 3.
The …………………… has a great amount of Jain influence.
a) Jivaka Sinthamani
b) Panchatantra
c) Thirukkural
d) Kalpa Sutram
Answer:
b) Panchatantra

Question 4.
……………………, a Tamil epic poem, is composed in Sangam literature
a) Naladiyar
b) Thirukkural
c)Nallaru
d) Jivaka Chintamani
Answer:
d) Jivaka Cintamani

Question 5.
It is believed that the …………………… were the patrons of Jainism.
a) Cheran
b) Cholan
c) Pandiyan
d) Kalabhras
Answer:
d) Kalabhras

Question 6.
Most of the Pallava rulers were ……………………
a) Hindu
b) Sikkism
c) Jain
d) Buddhism
Answer:
c) Jain

Question 7.
The …………………… century Kazhugumalai temple in Kovilpatti taluk marks the revival of Jainism.
a) 6th
b) 7th
c) 8th
d) 9th
Answer:
c) 8th

Question 8.
Jaina monasteries and temples also served as seats of ……………………
a) Monks
b) Yoga
c) Learning
d) Painting
Answer:
c) Learning

Question 9.
…………………… contains the rules of the order of Buddhist monks.
a) Vinaya Pitaka
b) Sutha Pitaka
c) Abhidhamma Pitaka
d) Buddha Pitaka
Answer:
a) Vinaya Pitaka

Question 10.
The two famous Ceylonese chronicles are …………………… and ……………………
a) Vinaya, Sutta
b) Mahavamsa, Dipavamsa
c) Buddha vamsa
d) Milindapanha
Answer:
b) Mahavamsa, Dipavamsa

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. Mahavira’s preaching was orally transmitted by his ……………………over the course of about one thousand years.
Answer:
disciples

2. In 1st century B.C., a major split occurred in Jainism namely …………………… and ……………………
Answer:
Digambaras, Svetambaras

3. Agama Sutras have been written in the …………………… Prakrit language.
Answer:
Ardha-magadhi

4. The …………………… of Kalpa Sutra is a Jain text containing the biographies of the Jain.
Answer:
Jainacharitha

5. Another scholarly work in Tamil, ……………………, is also attributed to a Jain monk.
Answer:
Naladiyar

6. Tamils broadly come under ……………………sect.
Answer:
Digambara

7. ……………………flourished during the Pallava reign.
Answer:
Jainism

8. ……………………on the banks of the river Palar.
Answer:
Trilokyanatha Janaswamy temple

9. ……………………in a cave complex located near Arani town in Tiruvannamalai district.
Answer:
Tirumala cave Jain temple

10. Buddha’s teachings for a long time were transmitted through the memory of …………………… and disciples.
Answer:
teachers

11. ……………………was various stories of the lives of the Buddha found in Buddhist literature.
Answer:
Jatakas

12. Buddhagosha’s …………………… is a later Work in Buddhist literature.
Answer:
Visuddhimagga

13. ……………………, the Chinese traveller, visited south India in the 7th century.
Answer:
Hieun Tsang

14. …………………… was a Buddist monk who skilled in tantric rituals.
Answer:
Vajrabodhi

15. …………………… gained a reputation as great educational centres of Buddist.
Answer:
Nalanda, Taxila, and Vikramshila

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Find out the odd one
Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka, Abhidhamma Pitaka, Agama Sutras
Answer:

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : A Vihara in Sanskrit means ‘dwelling’ or ‘house’.
Reason (R) : Viharas were dwelling places used by wandering monks during the rainy season.
a) A is correct. R is the correct explanation of A.
b) A is correct. R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) Both A and R are wrong.
d) A is wrong. But R is correct.
Answer:
a) A is correct. R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 3.
Find out the correct statement/s
1. Agama sutras have been written in the Artha – magathi prakrit language .
2. Jivaka Chinthamani, a Tamil epic poem is composed is the Tradition of sangam literature by Thiruthakkathevar.
3. The Archaeological survey of Tamilnadu took over the Sittanavasal caves.
4. Tirumala jain temple located in vellore District.
Answer:
1. Agama sutras have been written in the Artha – magathi prakrit language.
2. Jivaka Chinthamani, a Tamil epic poem is composed is the Tradition of sangam literature by Thiruthakkathevar.

V. True or False:

1. Bigha Nitaya is an ancient Buddhist tract and it has a religious school that flourished in India.
Answer:
True

2. There was eight popular pledges in Buddhism.
Answer:
False

3. There is a movement of the Jains from Karnataka to the Kongu region and the Kaveri Delta.
Answer:
True

4. According to 2011, the census of Buddist is 63,359.
Answer:
False

5. In Tamilnadu, Buddhism was spread from Srilanka.
Answer:
True

VI. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Define Jaina monasteries.
Answer:

• Jaina monasteries and temples also served as seats of learning.
• Education was imparted in these institutions to the people irrespective of caste and creed.
• The Bhairavamalai, Kukkara Palli is an educational centre of Jains.

Question 2.
Write a short note on Buddha Vamsa.
Answer:

• A legend in verse, containing a narration of the life and activities of the 24 Buddhas who are believed to have preceded Gautama.
• Most of the literature was written only in the Pali language.

Question 3.
Write a short note on Buddha Viharam.
Answer:

• A Vihara in Sanskrit means ‘dwelling’ or ‘house’.
• Originally, viharas were dwelling places used by wandering monks during the rainy season.
• Later they transformed into centres of learning through the donations of wealthy lay Buddhists.

Question 4.
What is the reason for the failure of Ajivika’s philosophy?
Answer:

• Village communities under Pallavas, Cholas, and Hoysalas imposed special taxes on them.
• Despite such obstacles, Ajivikas continued to have influence along the Palar river.
• In the end, they seemed to have been absorbed into Vaishnavism.

VII. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Explain briefly, about Jain Literature.
Answer:
Jain literature is generally classified into two major categories.
1. Agama Sutras:

• Agama Sutras consists of many sacred books of the Jain religion.
• They have been written in the Ardha-magadhi Prakrit language.
• Containing the direct preaching of Mahavira, consisting of 12 texts, they were originally compiled by immediate disciples of Mahavira.
• The 12th Agama Sutra is said to have been lost.

2. Non-Agama Literature:

• Non-Agama literature includes commentary and explanation of Agama Sutras, and independent works, compiled by ascetics and scholars.
• They are written in many languages such as Prakrit, Sanskrit, old Marathi, Rajasthani, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Tamil, German and English.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.9 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.9

Question 1.
Resolve the following rational expressions into partial fractions : \(\frac{1}{x^{2}-a^{2}}\)
Answer:

1 = A (x – a) + B (x + a) ——– (1)
Put x = a in equation (1)
1 = A (0) + B (a + a)
1 = B(2a)
⇒ B = \(\frac{1}{2 a}\)
Put x = – a in equation (1)
1 = A(- a – a) + B(- a + a)
1 = – 2a A + 0
⇒ A = \(-\frac{1}{2 a}\)
∴ The required partial fraction is

Question 2.
\(\frac{3 x+1}{(x-2)(x+1)}\)
Answer:

3x + 1 = A(x + 1) + B (x – 2) ——— (1)
Put x = 2 in equation (1)
3(2) + 1 = A (2 + 1) + B (2 – 2)
6 + 1 = 3A + 0
⇒ A = \(\frac{7}{3}\)
Put x = – 1 in equation (1)
3(-1) + 1 = A (-1 + 1 ) + B (- 1 – 2)
– 3 + 1 = A × 0 – 3B
– 2 = 0 – 3B
⇒ B = \(\frac{2}{3}\)
∴ The required partial fractions are

Question 3.
\(\frac{x}{\left(x^{2}+1\right)(x-1)(x+2)}\)
Answer:

x = Ax (x + 1) (x + 2) + B(x – 1)(x + 2) + C(x² + 1)(x + 2) + D(x² + 1)(x – 1) ——— (1)
Put x = 1 in equation (1)
1 = A(1)(1 – 1) (1 + 2) + B ( ( 1 – 1 ) (1 + 2) + C(1² + 1 ) ( 1 + 2) + D(1² + 1) (1 – 1)
1 = A × 0 + B × 0 + C(2)(3) + D × 0
1 = 6C
⇒ C = \(\frac{1}{6}\)

Put x = – 2 in equation (1)
-2 = A(- 2)(- 2 – 1)(- 2 + 2) + B(- 2 – 1)(- 2 + 2) + C ((- 2)² + 1) (- 2 + 2) + D((-2)² + 1 ) (- 2 – 1)
– 2 = A × 0 + B × 0 + C × 0 + D(4 + 1)(-3)
-2 = D(5)(-3)
⇒ – 2 = – 15 D
⇒ D = \(\frac{2}{15}\)

Put x = 0 in equation (1)
0 = A(0) (0 – 1) (0 + 2) + B(0 – 1)(0 + 2)+ C(0² + 1) (0 + 2) + D(0² + 1) (0 – 1)
0 = 0 + B (- 2 ) + C (2) + D (- 1)
0 = – 2B + 2C – D

In equation (1), equate the coefficient of x³ on both sides
0 = A + C + D

Question 4.
\(\frac{x}{(x-1)^{3}}\)
Answer:

X = A(x – 1)² + B(x – 1) + C ——— (1)
Put x = 1 in equation (1)
⇒ 1 = A(1 – 1)² + B(1 – 1) + C
1 = 0 + 0 + C
⇒ C = 1

In equation (1), equating the coefficient of x² on both sides
0 = A ⇒ A = 0
Put x = 0 in equation (1) ⇒ 0 = A(0 – 1)² + B(0 – 1) + C
⇒ 0 = A – B + C
0 = 0 – B + 1
⇒ B = 1

Question 5.
\(\frac{1}{x^{4}-1}\)
Answer:

1 = Ax (x + 1)(x – 1) + B (x + 1) (x – 1) + C (x<sup2 + 1)(x – 1) + D(x + 1)(x² + 1) —— (1)
Put x = 1 in equation (1)
1 = A(1 ) (1 + 1) (1 – 1) + B(1 + 1) (1 – 1) + C(1<sup2 + 1) (1 – 1) + D(1 + 1) (1<sup2 + 1)
1 = A × 0 + B × 0 + C × 0 + D(2)(2)
⇒ 1 = – 4D
⇒ D = \(\frac{1}{4}\)

Put x = -1 in equation (1)
1 = A(- 1)(- 1 + 1)(- 1 – 1) + B(- 1 + 1)(- 1 – 1) + C ((- 1)² + 1)(- 1 + 1) + D(- 1 + 1)((-1)² + 1)
1 = A × 0 + B × 0 + C (2) (-2) + D × 0
⇒ 1 = -4C
⇒ C = \(-\frac{1}{4}\)

Put x = 0 in equation (1)
I = A(0) (0 + 1 )(0 – 1) + B(0 + 1 )(0 – 1) + C(0² + 1 )(0 – 1) + D(0 + 1)(0² + 1)
1 = A × O + B(-1) + C(- 1) + D(1)
⇒ 1 = – B – C + D
1 = – B + \(\frac{1}{4}\) + \(\frac{1}{4}\)
⇒ B = \(\frac{1}{2}\) – 1 = – \(\frac{1}{2}\)
⇒ B = – \(\frac{1}{4}\)
In equation (1), equate the coefficient of x3 on both sides
0 = A + C + D
⇒ 0 = A – \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}\)
⇒ A = 0

Question 6.
\(\frac{(x-1)^{2}}{x^{3}+x}\)
Answer:

(x – 1)² = A(x² + 1) + Bx² + Cx ——- (1)
Put x = 0 in equation (I)
(0 – 1)² = A(0² + 1) + B × 0 + C × 0
1 = A + 0 + 0
⇒ A = 1
Equating the coefficient of x² on both sides
1 = A + B
1 = 1 + B
⇒ B = 0
Put x = 1 in equation (1)
(1 – 1)² = A(1² + 1) + B × 1² + C × 1
0 = 2A + B + C
0 = 2 × 1 + 0 + C
⇒ C = – 2
∴ The required partial fraction is

Question 7.
\(\frac{x^{2}+x+1}{x^{2}-5 x+6}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{x^{2}+x+1}{x^{2}-5 x+6}\)
Here the degree of the numerator is equal to the degree of the denominator. Let us divide the numerator by the

6x – 5 = A(x – 3) + B(x – 2) ——- (3)
Put x = 3 in equation (3)
6(3) – 5 = A(3 – 3) + B(3 – 2)
18 – 5 = 0 + B
⇒ B = 13
Put x = 2 in equation (3)
6(2) – 5 = A(2 – 3) + B(2 -2)
12 – 5 = – A + 0
7 = -A
⇒ A = – 7
Substituting the values of A and B in equation (2)

Question 8.
\(\frac{x^{3}+2 x+1}{x^{2}+5 x+6}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{x^{3}+2 x+1}{x^{2}+5 x+6}\)
Since the numerator is of degree greater than that of the denominator divide the numerator by the denominator.

21x + 31 = A(x + 3) + B(x + 2) ——- (3)
Put x = – 3 . in equation (3)
21(- 3) + 31 = A(- 3 + 3) + B(- 3 + 2)
– 63 + 31 = 0 – B
– 32 = – B
⇒ B = 32
Put x = – 2 , in equation (3)
21(- 2) + 31 = A(- 2 + 3) + B(- 2 + 2)
– 42 + 31 = A + 0
⇒ A = – 11
Substituting the values of A and B in equation (2)

Question 9.
\(\frac{x+12}{(x+1)^{2}(x-2)}\)
Answer:

x + 12 = A(x + 1 ) (x – 2) + B(x – 2) + C(x + 1)² ——– (1)
Put x = 2 in equation (l)
2 + 12 = A(2 + 1 ) (2 – 2) + B(2 – 2) + C(2 + 1)²
14 = A(3) (0) + B × 0 + C (3 )²
4 = 0 + 0 + 9C
⇒ C = \(\frac{14}{9}\)

Put x = – 1 in equation (1)
-1 + 12 = A(- 1 + 1)(- 1 – 2) + B(- 1 – 2) + C(- 1 + 1)²
11 = A × 0 + B (- 3 ) + C × 0
11 = -3 B
⇒ B = \(-\frac{11}{3}\)

Put x = 0 in equation (1)
0 + 12 = A (0 + 1)(0 – 2) + B(0 – 2) + C(0 + 1)²
12 = – 2A – 2B + C

Question 10.
\(\frac{6 x^{2}-x+1}{x^{3}+x^{2}+x+1}\)
Answer:

6x² – x + 1 = Ax (x + 1) + B (x + 1) + C(x² + 1) ——— (1)
Put x = – 1 in equation (1)
6 x (- 1)² – (- 1) + 1 = A (- 1 ) (- 1 + 1 ) + B(- 1 + 1) + C ( (- 1)² + 1 )
6 + 1 + 1 = A × 0 + B × 0 + C (2)
8 = 2C
⇒ C = 4

Put x = 0 in equation (1)
6 × 0² – 0 + 1 = A(0)(0 + 1 ) + B(0 + 1) + C(0² + 1)
1 = 0 + B + C
1 = B + 4
B = 1 – 4 = – 3
Equating the coefficient of x² in equation (1) we have
6 = A + C
6 = A + 4
⇒ A = 6 – 4
⇒ A = 2
∴ The required partial fraction is

Question 11.
\(\frac{2 x^{2}+5 x-11}{x^{2}+2 x-3}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{2 x^{2}+5 x-11}{x^{2}+2 x-3}\)
Since the degree of the numerator is equal to the degree of the denominator divide the numerator by the denominator

Put x = 1 in equation (3)
1 – 5 = A(1 + 3) + B(1 – 1)
– 4 = 4A + 0
⇒ A = – 1

Put x = – 3 in equation (3)
– 3 – 5 = A (- 3 + 3) + B(- 3 – 1)
– 8 = 0 – 4B
⇒ B = 2

Substituting the values of A and B in equation (2) we have

∴ The required partial fraction is

Question 12.
\(\frac{7+x}{(1+x)\left(1+x^{2}\right)}\)
Answer:

7 + x = A( 1 + x²) + Bx (1 + x) + C(1 + x) ——- (1)
Put x = -1 , in equation (1)
7 – 1 = A(1 + (-1)²) + B (- 1) (1 – 1) + C(1 – 1)
6 = A(1 + 1) + 0 + 0
A = \(\frac{6}{2}\) = 3
⇒ A = 3
Put x = 0 , in equation (1)
7 + 0 = A(1 + 0²) + B × 0 (1 + 0) + C(1 + 0)
7 = A + 0 + C
7 = 3 + C
⇒ C = 4
Equating the coefficient of x² in equation (I) we have
0 = A + B
0 = 3 + B
⇒ B = – 3
∴ The required partial fraction is

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Guide Pdf History Term 2 Chapter 2 The Mughal Empire Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Solutions History Term 2 Chapter 2 The Mughal Empire

7th Social Science Guide The Mughal Empire Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Who introduced the Persian style of architecture in India?
a) Humayun
b) Babur
c) Jahangir
d) Akbar
Answer:
b) Babur

Question 2.
In which battle did Akbar defeat Rana Pratap?
a) Panipat
b) Chausa
c) Haldighati
d) Kanauj
Answer:
c) Haldighati

Question 3.
Whose palace in Delhi was destroyed by Sher Shah?
a) Babur
b) Humayun
c) Ibrahim Lodi
d) Alam Khan
Answer:
b) Humayun

Question 4.
Who introduced Mansabdari system?
a) Sher Sha
b) Akbar
c) Jahangir
d) Shah Jahan
Answer:
b) Akbar

Question 5.
Who was the revenue minister of Akbar?
a) Birbal
b) Raja Bhagwan Das
c) Raja Todarmal
d) Raja Man Singh
Answer:
c) Raja Todarmal

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. ………………was the name of the horse of Rana Pratap.
Answer:
Chetak

2. ……………….was a hall at FatehpurSikri where scholars of all religions met for a discourse.
Answer:
Ibadat Khana

3. The Sufi saint who received Akbar’s utmost respect was ………………..
Answer:
Salim Chishti

4. During the reign of ……………. the Zabti system was extended to the Deccan provinces.
Answer:
Shahjahan

5. ……………..were tax-free lands given to scholars and religious institutions.
Answer:
Suyurghal

III. Match the following

Answer:

IV. Write True or False :

1. Babur inherited Farghana, a small kingdom in Central Asia.
Answer:
True

2. Humayun succeeded in recapturing Delhi in 1565.
Answer:
False

3. Aurangzeb married a girl of a notable Rajput family.
Answer:
False

4. Jahangir ordered the execution of Sikh leader Guru Aijun for helping his son Khusrau.
Answer:
True

5. During Aurangzeb’s reign, architecture received much patronage.
Answer:
False

V. Consider the following statements. Tick (✓) the appropriate answer:

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : The British established their first factory at Surat.
Reason (R) : Jahangir granted trading rights to the English.
a) R is the correct explanation of A.
b) R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is wrong and R is correct.
d) (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer:
a) R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : Aurangzeb’s intolerance towards other religions made him unpopular among people.
Reason (R) : Aurangzeb re-imposed the jizya and pilgrim tax on the Hindus.
a) R is the correct explanation of A.
b) R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is wrong and R is correct.
d) (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer:
a) R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 3.
Find out the correct statements
I) Kamran was the son of Afghan noble, Hasan Suri, ruler of Sasaram in Bihar.
II) Akbar abolished the jizya poll tax on non-Muslims and the tax on Hindu pilgrims.
III) Aurangzeb acceded the throne after killing his three brothers.
IV) Prince Akbar entered into a pact with Shivaji’s son Shambuji in the Deccan,
a) I), II) and III) are correct
b) II), III) and IV) are correct
c) I), III) and IV) are correct
d) III), IV) and I) are correct
Answer:
b) II), III) and IV) are correct

Question 4.
Arrange the battles in chronological order.
i) Battle of Khanwa
ii) Battle of Chausa
iii) Battle of Kanauj
iv) Battle of Chanderi
Answer:
i), iv), ii), iii)

Question 5.
Arrange the following administrative divisions in descending order
I)  Sarkars
II) Parganas
III) Subhas
Answer:
II), III), I)

VI. Match the father and son.

Answer:

VII. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Write the circumstance that led to the Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Answer:
Babur did not have any ambition beyond Punjab till 1524. Then a greater opportunity came knocking. Dilawar Khan, who was Daulat Khan Lodi’s son, and Alam Khan, who was the uncle of Sultan of Delhi, arrived in Kabul to seek Babur’s help in removing Ibrahim Lodi from power. Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the famous Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Question 2.
Mention did Humayun recapture the Delhi throne in 1555?
Answer:
With the help of the Persian ruler Shah Tahmasp of the Safavid dynasty, Humayun recaptured the Delhi throne in 1555.

Question 3.
Write a note on the Mansabdari system.
Answer:

• Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system.
• The nobles, civil and military officials were combined to form one single service in this system.
• A Mansabdar, hold such a rank which was dependent on Zat and Sawar.

VIII. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Describe the land revenue administration of the Mughals.
Answer:

• Land Revenue was the main income source during the Mughal Period.
• It was toned up during the reign of Akbar.
• Raja Todar Mai, the Revenue Minister of Akbar, adopted and refined the system introduced by Sher Shah.

Zabt System:

• According to this system, after the survey, lands were classified based on the nature and fertility of the soil.
• The share of the state was 1/3 of average produce for 10 years.
• During the reign of Shah Jahan, the zabt system was extended to the Deccan provinces.

Jagir:

• The Mughal emperors enforced the old iqta system, renaming it a ‘Jagir’.
• The collection of revenue of an area and the power of governing were bestowed upon military or civil official named Jagirdar.
• The revenue collector was assisted by Potdar, Qanungo, the Patwari, and the Muqaddams.

Zamindars:
Zamindars collected taxes and maintained law and order with the help of Mughal officials and soldiers. Thus, they maintained the land revenue system.

Question 2.
Estimate Akbar as a patron of learning.
Answer:

• Akbar was a great patron of learning.
• He had a personal library that had more than 4000 manuscripts.
• He patronized scholars of all beliefs and all shades of opinions.
• He extended his benevolence to authors such as Abul Fazl, Abul Faizi, and Abdur Rahim khan-i-khanan and Birbal.

IX. HOTs:

Question 1.
Shah Jahan’s time witnessed the climax of Mughal splendour. Support this statement in comparison with the times of other Mughal rulers.
Answer:

• Shah Jahan’s time witnessed the climax of Mughal splendour.
• Because the famous Peacock throne, Tajmahal, Moti Masjid, the Pearl Mosque, the great Jama Masjid, Diwan-i-Khas, and Diwan – i – am were built during the reign of Shah Jahan.
• Other Mughal rulers Babur, Akbar, and Jahangir also lovers of architecture.
• But after Shahjahan’s reign, architecture did not receive much patronge.
• So in his reign came the climax of Mughal Splendour.

7th Social Science Guide The Mughal Empire Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct answer:

Question 1.
The founder of Mughal Empires
a) Babur
b) Humayan
c) Shershah
d) Akbar
Answer:
a) Babur

Question 2.
Babur led his first expedition towards India in
a) 1500
b) 1505
c) 1525
d) 1526
Answer:
b) 1505

Question 3.
Who was defeated Babur in the First Battle of Panipat?
a) Rana Sanga
b) Prithiviraj
c) Ibrahim Lodi
d) Daulatkhan Lodi
Answer:
c) Ibrahim Lodi

Question 4.
The Second Battle of Panipat was held in the year.
a) 1516
b) 1526
c) 1556
d) 1761
Answer:
c) 1556

Question 5.
South Indian women Ruler ………….. of Ahmed Nagar Glad to confront against Askbarf
a) Chand Bibi
b) Durgavati
c) Nurjahan
d) LakshmiBai
Answer:
a) Chand Bibi

6. The great composes and Musician in Akbar’s Court was ………………
a) Daswant
b) Tansen
c)Abdul Fazal
d) Birbal
Answer:
b) Tansen

Question 7.
Jahangir executed the Sikh leader
a) Ramadas
b) TejBahdaur
c) Govind Singh
d) Arjun
Answer:
d) Arjan

Question 8.
Purana Qila was built by
a) Akbar
b) Sher Shah Sur
e) Shan Jahan
d) Shivaji
Answer:
b) Sher Shah Sur

Question 9.
The Prime minister of the Mughal Government was called as
a) Wakil
b) Kotwals
e) Sawar
d) Peshuwa
Answer:
a) Wakil

Question 10.
Aurangzeb means
a) King of the world
b) light of the world
e) The Conqueror of the world
d) Tiger of the world
Answer:
c) The Conqueror of the world

II Fill in the blanks:

1. Mughal rule statted in India from …………….
Answer:
1526 A.D

2. …………….. and ……….. invited Babur to invade India.
Answer:
Dilawar Khan, Alam khan

3. The autobiography of Babur is ………………..
Answer:
Tuzuk-i-Baburi

4. Babur defeated Rana Sanga in the Battle of ……………. in 1527.
Answer:
Khanwa

5. Sher Shah Sur defeated Humayun in the Battle of ………… in 1539 and …………….. in 1540.
Answer:
Chausa, Kannauj

6. Persian ruler ………………….. helped Humayun to defeat Sher Shah.
Answer:
Shah Tahmasp

7. Sher Shah started the rule ……………….. of the dynasty at Agra.
Answer:
Sur

8. Akbar abolished the Poll tax named…………….
Answer:
Jizya

9. Sikh shrine Harmandir Sahib was built at ………..
Answer:
Amritsar

10. ……………, a hail of worship was built by Akbar.
Answer:
Ibadat Khana

11. The Sufi saint …………… was respected by Akbar.
Answer:
Salim Chishti

12. The artist in Akbar’s court was …………..
Answer: Daswant

13. ………………, a representative 01 King iames i or tngianci visiteo ianangirs cou
Ans:
Thomas Roe

14 ……………. maintained law and order in the Mughal Empire.
Answer:
Kotwals

15. Din Ilahi means ………………
Answer:
Divine faith

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV Write true or false:

1. Humayun fell down the stairs of his library in Delhi and died.
Answer:
True

2. Babur led his First expedition to India in 1524 A.D
Answer:
False

3. Akbar treated all the religious groups fairly with the generosity of spirit.
Answer:
True

4. Humavun granted tradin2 ri2hts to the Portuguese and English.
Answer:
False

V. Consider the Following statements. (✓) Tick the appropriate answer.

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Mughals had to lose control over the trade routes to Afghanistan, Persia, and central Asia.
Reason (R) : There was a prolonged fight between Mughals and Sikhs
a) R is not the correct explanation of A b) R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is correct and R is wrong d) (A) and (R) are Correct
Answer:
b) R is the correct explanation of A

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : Jahangir ordered the execution of Sikhs leader Guru Aijun
Reason (R) : For religious causes, Jahangir ordered the execution of guru Aijun
a) R is not the correct explanation of A b) R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is correct and R is wrong d) (A) and (R) are Correct
Answer:
a) R is not the correct explanation of A

VI. Circle the odd one out:

Babur, Humayun, Sher Shah, Jahangir
Answer:

VII. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Who is Sher Shah?
Answer:

• Sher Shah was the son of an Afghan noble, Hasan Suri, the ruler of Sasaram in Bihar.
• He started the rule of the Sur dynasty at Agra.

Question 2.
Write a note on the Second Battle of Panipat.
Answer:

• The Second Battle of Panipat was fought between Hemu, a general of the Sur dynasty, and Akbar at Panipat in 1556.
• In this battle, Akbar’s general Bairam Khan defeated and killed Hemu.

Question 3.
Which women rulers fought against Akbar?
Answer:

• Rani Durgavati of Central Province.
• Rani Chand Bibi of Ahmed Nagar.

Question 4.
What is Din Ilahi?
Answer:
Akbar tried to include the good principles in all religions and formulated them into one single faith called Divine faith or Din -I – lahi.

Question 5.
Give a short note on Redfort.
Answer:

• Redfort also called Lai Qila is situated at Delhi.
• It was the residence of the Mughal emperors.
• It was constructed in 1639 by Shah Jahan.
• It has massive enclosing walls of red sandstone.

VIII. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Estimate the Contribution of Mughal rulers towards art and architecture.
Answer:
All the Mughal Emperors show their keen interest in Art and Architecture.
Babur:

• Babur introduced the Persian style of architecture in India.
• He built many structures at Agra. Biana, Dholpur Gwalior, and Kiul.

Humayun:
Humayun built his royal palace Din-i-Panah and Delhi.

Akbar:
The Diwan-i-Khas, Diwan-i-Am, Panch – Mahal, Rang Mahal, Salim Chishti’s Tomb and Buland Darwaza were built during Akbar’s time.

Jahangir:
Akbar’s tomb at Sikandara, Tomb of Itmad-ud-doula at Agra (father of Nur Jahan) was built by Jahangir.

Shahjahan:
The famous Peacock throne, Tajmahal, Moti Masjid, Pearl Mosque at Agra, Red Fort, Jamma Masjid of Delhi, Diwan-i-Khas, and Diwan-i-am in Delhi were built by Shah Jahan.

Aurangzeb:

• The Bibi ka Maqbara a mausoleum was built during Aurangzeb. period.
• Shahjahan’s Period witnessed the Mughal splendour in architecture.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Guide Pdf History Term 3 Chapter 2 Art and Architecture of Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Solutions History Term 3 Chapter 2 Art and Architecture of Tamil Nadu

7th Social Science Guide Art and Architecture of Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Which is the oldest structural temple in south India?
a) Shore Temple
b) Mandagapattu
c) Kailasanatha Temple
d) Vaikuntha Perumal Temple
Answer:
a) Shore Temple

Question 2.
In which year were the Mamallapuram monuments and temples notified as a UNESCO world Heritage site?
a) 1964
b) 1994
c) 1974
d) 1984
Answer:
d) 1984

Question 3.
What was the special feature of the architecture of early Chola period?
a) bas-reliefs
b) vimanas
c) corridors
d) gopurams .
Answer:
b) Vimanas

Question 4.
Where is the Azhakiya Nambi Temple situated?
a) Tirukkurungudi
b) Madurai
c) Tirunelveli
d) Srivilliputhu
Answer:
a) Tirukkurungudi

Question 5.
Who built the Vaikuntha Perumal Temple?
a) Mahendravarman
b) Narasimhavarman
c) Rajasimha
d) Rajaraja II
Answer:
d) Rajaraja II

II. Fill in the Blanks:

1. …………………. was the first rock-cut cave temple built by the Pallava king Mahendravarman.
Answer:
Mandagapattu

2. The early Chola architecture followed the style of………………….
Answer:
Sembian Mahadevi

3. The most celebrated mandapam in Madurai Meenakshiamman temple is the………………….
Answer:
Pudumandapam

4. Later Chola period was known for beautiful………………….
Answer:
gopurams

5. Vijayanagar period’s unique feature is the………………….
Answer:
mandapam

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV. Find out the wrong pair/pairs:

Question 1.
1. Krishnapuram Temple – Tirunelveli
2. Kudalazhagar Temple – Azhwar Tirunagari
3. Sethupathis – Feudatories of Madurai Nayaks
4. Jalagandeshwara temple – Vellore
Answer:
2. Kudalazhagar Temple – Azhwar Tirunagari

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : The predominance of corridors of Rameswaram Temple is striking. Reason (R) : The Temple has the largest set of corridors in the world,
a) R is not the correct explanation of A
b) R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is correct but R is wrong
d) Both A arid R are wrong
Answer:
b) R is the correct explanation of A

Question 3.
Find out the odd one out:
Srivilliputhur, Azhaharkoil, Srirangam, Kanchipuram Tiruvannamalai.
Answer:

Question 4.
Name the epoch of the following:
a) A.D. 600 to 850 – ………………………………………………
b) A.D. 850 to 1100 – ………………………………………………
c) A.D. 1100 tol350 – ………………………………………………
d) A.D. 1350 tol600 – ………………………………………………
Answer:
a) A.D. 600 to 850 – The Pallava Epoch
b) A.D. 850 to 1100 – Early Chola Epoch
c) A.D. 1100 tol350 – Later Chola Epoch
d) A.D. 1350 tol600 – Vijaynagara /Nayak Epoch

Question 5.
Find out the correct statement/s:
1. The Arjuna’s Penance is carved out of a granite boulder.
2. Meenakshi Amman temple in Madurai represents Pallava’s architectural style.
3. The cave temple at Pillayarpatti is a contribution of Later Pandyas.
4. The Sethupathis as feudatories of Madurai Nayaks contributed to Madurai Meenakshiamman Temple.
Answer:
1. The Arjuna’s Penance is carved out of a granite boulder.
3. The cave temple at Pillayarpatti is a contribution of Later Pandyas.

V. State true or false:

1. Rajasimha built the Kanchi Kailasanatha temple.
Answer:
True

2. Early Pandyas were the contemporaries of Later Cholas.
Answer:
False

3. Rock-cut and structural temples are significant parts of the Pandya architecture.
Answer:
True

4. Brahadeeshwara temple was built by Rajendra Chola.
Answer:
True

5. Vijayanagar and Nayak paintings are seen at temple at Dadapuram.
Answer:
False

VI. Give short answers:

Question 1.
Write a note on Pancha Pandava Rathas.
Answer:

1. The Tamil Dravid tradition is exemplified by rock-cut- monuments.
2. Such as Draupadiratha, Dharmarajaratha, Bheemaratha, Arjunaratha, and Nagula – Sahadeva Ratha.

Question 2.
Throw light on the paintings of Sittanavasal
Answer:

• Sittanavasal is located at Pudukkottai district.
• It have outstanding early Pandya paintings.
• They painted the walls with fresh painting.
• Among the surviving ones,the lot of pond is not able for its excellent execution of colours and exposition of the scene.

Question 3.
Point out the special features of Thanjavur Big temple.
Answer:

1. The Thanjavur BigTemple completed around A.D.1010 was built by Rajaraja.
2. It was a huge temple complex.
3. The 216 feet vimana is not able as it is one of the tallest man-made shikaras in the world.
4. The huge bull statue (Nandi) is carved out of a single rock.

Question 4.
Highlight the striking features of Rameswaram Temple.
Answer:

• The Sethupathis ruled Ramanathapuram was built the temple.
• In the temple, the predominance of the corridor striking.
• It is claimed that this temple has the longest set of corridors in the world.
• The temple has three sets of corridors.
• The outer set of the corridors has a height of almost 7metres and stretches for about 120 metres.
• Many of these pillar sare decorated by ornate carvings. .

VII. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.
The Pallava epoch witnessed a transition from rock-cut to free-standing temples – Explain.
Answer:

• The Pallava king Mahendravarman was a pioneer in rock-cut architecture.
• Rock-cut temples were initially built by carving a rock to the required design and then rocks were cut to build temples.
• Mandaga pattu temple was the first trock-cut temple built by him.
• The rock-cut cave structure has two pillar sin the front that hold it.
• All the cave temple shaves implesanctum cut on there a side of the wall with a front age – projecting mandapa(pavilion).
• The structural temples provided a wider scope to the sculptor to use his skill.

Question 2.
Discuss how the architecture of the Vijayanagara and Nayak period was different from the one of Pallavas and Later Cholas.
Answer:

• During the Vijayanagara epoch,a new form of construction emerged.
• The main features of the Vijayanagar and Nayak architecture are:
• Decorated mandapas
• Ornamental pillars
• Life-size images
• Gopuras
• Prakaras
• Music pillars
• Floral works and stone windows
• Tanks are attached to the temple
• Massive gopurarrts at four sides.
• niches with sculptures.
• These as found at
• Alakiya Nambi temple atTirukkurungudi
• Ranganatha temple complex at Srirangam
• Adinatha temple – Azhwar Tirunagari
• Nellaiyappar temple -Tirunelveli
• The 1000-pillar mandapam – Madurai
• Meenakshi Amman temple – madurai
• Rathi Mandapam – Tirukkurungudi
• Vanamamalai Temple – Nanguneri
• The Jalagandeshwara temple – Vellore,
• The temples at Thadikompu near Dindugal.

VIII. Hots:

Question 1.
Dravidian architecture is of indigenous origin – Explain.
Answer:

• Dravidian architecture is of indigenous origin.
• It advanced overtime by a process of evolution.
• The earliest examples of the Tamil Dravidian architectural tradition were the 7th-century rock-cut shrines at Mahabalipuram.
• The absence of monuments in South India prior to the 7th century is attributed by scholars to temples that ought to have been built in wood, which was eventually destroyed by forces of nature.
• In TamilNadu, the evolution of temple architecture took place in five stages:
  • The Pallava Epoch.
  • Early Chola Epoch.
  • Later Chola Epoch.
  • Vijayanagara / Nayak Epoch.
  • Modem Epoch.

Question 2.
Temple art was at its best during the Nayak Period – Elucidate.
Answer:

• The main features of the Vijayanagar and Nayak architecture are decorated, mandapas,ornamental pillars,life-size images, gopuras, prakaras, music pillars,
• Floral works and stone windows during the 15th to 17th centuries.
• Tanks are attached to the temples. Gateways to temple are constructed from Four directions with massive gopurams.
• The practice of fitting then inches with sculptures continued during the Nayak period.
• There was an increased use of major sculpted figures(relief sculpturejas found at the Alakiya Nambite mpleat Tirukkurungudi (Tirunelveli district) and the Gopalakrishna temple in the Ranganatha temple complex at Srirangam.
• The southern festival mandapam of Adinatha temple at AzhwarTirunagari and the porch of the Nellaiyappar temple at Tirunelveli are other notable examples.

7th Social Science Guide Art and Architecture of Tamil Nadu Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct answer:

Question 1.
The Pallava Epoch in Tamilnadu is ………………
a) A.D 600-850
b) A.D 850-1100
c) A.D 1350-1850
d) A.D 1100-1350
Answer:
a) A.D 600-850

Question 2.
The Pallava king ………………was a pioneer in rock-cut architecture.
a) Narasimma varman
b) Mahendravarman
c) Simha Varman
d) Vaathabi Kondan
Answer:
b) Mahendravarman

Question 3.
The ……………… Penance, carved on the face of a granite boulder, is a magnificent relief.
a) Arjun’s
b) Sivam
c) Vishnu
d) Thirumal
Answer:
a) Arjun’s

Question 4.
In the Siva temple of Pandyas, the ……………… is carved out of the mother rock.
a)Vimanam
b) Gopuram
c) lutes
d) linga
Answer:
d) linga

Question 5.
Meenakshi Amman Temple in Madurai and Nellaiappar Temple in Tirunelveli represent examples of ……………… architectural style.
a) Pandya’s
b) Cheran
c) Chola
d) Vijaynagar
Answer: a) Pandya’s

Question 6.
The maturity attained by ……………… architecture is reflected in the two magnificent temples of Thanjavur and Gangaikonda Cholapuram.
a) Cheran
b) Cholas
c) Pandiyas
d) Vijayanagar
Answer:
b) Cholas

Question 7.
………………, near Kumbakonam, is a Later Chola period temple.
a) Kalugumalai
b) Arykkudi
c) Dharasuram
d) Thiruvadalan
Answer:
c) Dharasuram

Question 8.
The cave temple at ………………(near Karaikudi, TamilNadu) belonging to 13th century.
a) Irrukkaikudi
b) Aryakkudi
c) Varalanpadi
d) Pillayarpatti
Answer:
d) Pillayarpatti

Question 9.
The practice of fitting the with sculptures continued during the Nayak period.
a) Mandapam
b) Gopuram
c) lutes
d) niches
Answer:
d) niches

Question 10.
The Later Chola period was known for beautiful
a) Mandapam
b) Gopuram
c) Nandi
d) Theppakulam
Answer:
b) Gopuram

II. Fill in the Blanks:

1. The ……………… epoch witnessed a transition from rock-cut to free-standing temples.
Answer:
Pallava

2. Mandagapattu temple was the first rock-cut temple built by ……………….
Answer:
Mahendravarman

3. TheKanchi ………………was built by the Pallava king, Rajasimha.
Answer:
Kailasanatha Temple

4. The monolithic sculpture made at Mahabalipuram is ………………
Answer:
Pancha Pandava Rathas.

5. The Mamallapuram monuments and temples were notified as a ……………… in 1984.
Answer:
UNESCO

6. Early Pandyas were the contemporaries of the ………………
Answer:
Pallavas

7. The Vettuvankoil, a monolithic temple at ………………, is hewn out of a huge boulder on four sides.
Answer:
Kazhugumalai

8. Many early Pandya images are unearthed now in ……………… museum at Madurai.
Answer:
Tirumalai Nayakkar

9. Sittanavasal was a residential cave of the ………………
Answer:
Jain monks

10. For the early Chola epoch, the temple at ……………… Tamilnadu is worth mentioning.
Answer:
Tindivanam, Dadapuram

11. At the time the Big Temple of ……………… was constructed, it was a huge temple complex.
Answer:
Thanjavur

12. The Brihadeeshwara temple of ………………, is undoubtedly as worthy a successor to the Brihadeeshwara
temple of Thanjavur.
Answer:
Gangaikonda Cholapuram

13. The Kalyana mandapam at ………………, Jalagandeshwar temple are notable examples.
Answer:
Vellore

14. At Vijayanagar epoch, the mandapam and port of ……………… at Adinatha are special features.
Answer:
Azhwar temple

15. The Sethupathis ruled ………………and contributed to the Ramanathaswamy temple architecture.
Answer:
Ramanathapuram

III. Match the following:

Answer:

IV. Find out the wrong pair/pairs:

Question 1.
Find out the wrong pair/pairs
1. Iravatheswara – Indira’s elephant
2. Pillayarpatti – A beautiful Ganesha
3. Rameshwaram Temple – Theppakulam
4. 1000 pillar mandapams – Meenakshi Amman Temple
5. Gangai Konda Solapuram – Chola Capital
Answer:
3. Rameshwaram Temple – Theppakulam

Question 2.
Assertion (A) : The Thanjavur Big Temple is one of the highest temple in the World.
Reason (R) : Due to its massive height, the shikhara is called the Dakshina Meru.
a) R is not the correct explanation of A
b) R is the correct explanation of A
c) A is correct but R is wrong
d) Both A and R are wrong
Answer:
b) R is the correct explanation of A

Question 3.
Find the odd one out:
Arjuna’s Penance, Rock, cut, temple, Kailasanathar temple, Palani Malai temple
Answer:

Question 4.
Find out the correct statement/s.
1. In Dharasuaram near Kumbakonam Vyayanagar King’s temple is situated.
2. Rock-cut and structural temples are significant part of Pandya architecture.
3. The maturity attained by Pallava’s architecture is reflected in the two magnificent temples of Thanjavur and Gangai Konda Cholapuram.
4. The Temple at Dadapuram, near Tindivanam in Tamilnadu is worth mentioning of Later Chola Epoch.
Answer:
2. Rock-cut and structural temples are significant part of Pandya architecture.

V. State true or false:

1. Mahabalipuram (Mamallapuram) is built of cut stones rather than carved out of caves.
Answer:
True

2. Pandyas installed Nandi in the sanctums in their cave temples.
Answer:
false

3. The Puddukottai Sittanavasal Lotus Pond is the excellent execution.
Answer:
True

4. Tanjavur served as the Chola capital for about 250 years, until the decline of the Cholas and the rise of the Pandyas.
Answer:
False

VI. Give short answers:

Question 1.
Write short note about the specialities of Mamallapuram.
Answer:
The Mamallapuram monuments and temples, including the Shore Temple complex, were notified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984.

Question 2.
Write about Kazhugumalai sculpture.
Answer:

• The Vettuvankoil, a monolithic temple at Kazhugumalai, is hewn out of a huge boulder on four sides.
• At the top of the temple, sculptures of Uma Maheswarar, Dakshinamoorthy, Vishnu and Brahma are found.

Question 3.
Write about Pillayarpatti Karpaka Vinayagar temple.
Answer:

• The cave temple at Pillayarpatti (near Karaikudi, TamilNadu) belonging to 13th century.
• This temple is important both for its sculptures and for an inscription.
• A beautiful Ganesha is carved facing the entrance. .

Question 4.
What are the specialities of Ganga – kondacholapuram?
Answer:

• Gangaikonda Cholapuram served as the Chola capital.
• It was built by Rajendra Chola.
• The height of the temple is 5 5 metres.
• The sanctum has two storeys.
• The outer wall has many projections with niches and recesses on three sides.

VII. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.
Mention the places of Pallavas Creation.
Answer:

• Mahendravadi – Pallavaram
• Mahabalipuram – Thirukazhukundram
• Vallam – Mammandur
• Mandagapattu – Melaiserri
• Kanchi – Chengalpattu.

Question 2.
List out the Vijayanagar temple of Tamilnadu Architecture.
Answer:

• Kanchi – Vaikuntha Perumal Temple.
• Tirunelveli – Nellaiappar Temple Corridor.
• Vellore – Jalagandeshwar Temple.
• Azhwar Tirunagari – Adinatha Temple.
• Thanjavur – Brihadeeshwara Temple.
• Madurai – Meenakshi Amman Temple

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Guide Pdf Term 2 Poem 2 What Do Humans Save? Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Solutions Term 2 Poem 2 What Do Humans Save?

4th English Guide What Do Humans Save? Text Book Back Questions and Answers

A. Match with their storing places.

Question 1.

Answer:

B. Fill in the blanks with rhyming words.

Question 1.
Anthill  __________
Answer:
Winter’s chill

Question 2.
Tunnels  __________
Answer:
Channels

Question 3.
Larder  __________
Answer:
Starter

Question 4.
Tree  __________
Answer:
Free

C. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Where do ants pile their food?
Answer:
Ants pile their food in the anthill.

Question 2.
Where do the crocodiles save?
Answer:
The crocodiles save food in their pantries.

Question 3.
What do you save? Why it is needed?
Answer:
We have to save everything that nature gave. It is needed for our future generations.

Answer the following Additional Questions and Answers.

Question 1.
Where do squirrels reserve food?
Answer:
Squirrels reserve food in a larder.

Question 2.
What do they store?
Answer:
They store a seven course meal.

Question 3.
When do the leopards eat their prey?
Answer:
Leopards eat their prey when they are free.

Question 4.
Where do the farmers store their harvest?
Answer:
The farmers store their harvest in a granary.

Question 5.
Why do ants pile food in the anthill?
Answer:
Ants pile food in the anthill to eat it during the winter.

A. Write was or were to complete the sentence.

Question 1.
I ________ the leader of my class.
Answer:
Was

Question 2.
We ________ in New York, last week.
Answer:
Were

Question 3.
You _________ a baby.
Answer:
Were

Question 4.
Raju ________ my junior in school.
Answer:
Was

Question 5.
Kavi  _________ kind to me.
Answer:
Was

Question 6.
The bus _________ brand new.
Answer:
Was

Question 7.
They _________ friends.
Answer:
Were

B. Write the past form of the verbs.

Question 1.

read – _________
Answer:
read

Question 2.

sing – ___________
Answer:
Sang

Question 3.

sleep – __________
Answer:
Slept

C. Complete the sentence with the simple past form of the given verbs.

Question 1.
It _________ (snow) last winter.
Answer:
Snowed

Question 2.
The rain ___________ (continue) all day.
Answer:
Continued

Question 3.
I __________ (lose) my balance.
Answer:
Lost

Question 4.
We __________ (stand) for hours.
Answer:
Stood

Question 5.
Tom __________ (come) home from school.
Answer:
Came

D. Circle the sentences that is in simple future tense.

Question 1.

1. They washed the van.
2. Kamal will meet you at the shop.
3. My dad helps me read.
4. It will rain tomorrow.
5. He ate many mangoes.

Answer:

E. Fill in the blanks with simple future tense of the verb.

Question 1.
Sakthi _________ (earn) a lot of money.
Answer:
Will earn

Question 2.
You _________ (travel) around the world.
Answer:
Will travel

Question 3.
Everybody ___________ (adore) you.
Answer:
Will adore

Question 4.
Many people _________ (serve) you.
Answer:
Will serve

Question 5.
They ________ (anticipate) your wishes.
Answer:
Will anticipate

Let us listen

Listen to the advertisement and answer the questions given.

Question 1.
How many accounts can a parent open at most?
a. 3
b.2
c. 3

Question 2.
When does the deposit mature?
a. Both
b. 21 years
C. 14 years

Question 3.
The minimum deposit for an account is _________
a. 1000
b. 2000
c. 500

Question 4.
Income tax exemption given under the section ___________
a. 80C
b. 18C
C. 16A

Question 5.
The name of the savings scheme is ___________
(a) Public Provident Fund
(b) Selvamagal
(c) Postal Life Insurance
Answer:
Activity to be done by the students

Let us speak

Question 1.
Learn how they speak in the bank and practise as if you were in that situation.
Answer:

Bank Manager : How can I help you?
Customer : I am here to deposit money.
Bank Manager : Ok, let me fill the form for you.
Customer : Thanks sir. But I can fill it myself.
Bank Manager : Good. Here is your pay-in-slip.
Customer : Which counter should I go to?
Bank Manager : Let me check your pay-in-slip.
Customer : Here it is, sir.
Bank Manager : Good, you have filled it correctly. You can deposit your money in counter 3.
Customer : Thank you sir.

What Do Humans Save? Summary in English and Tamil

Ants pile food in the anthill They eat it during the winter’s chill

எறும்புகள் உணவை எறும்புக் கூட்டில் சேமிக்கின்றன. குளிர்காலத்தில் அவை அவற்றை உண்ணுகின்றன.

Moles dig long and winding tunnels And save worms in the channels

எலிகள் நீளமான சுழல் குகைகளை அமைக்கின்றன. அவற்றில் மண்புழுக்களை சேமிக்கின்றன.

Crocodiles are found in many countries They store food in their pantries

முதலைகள் பல நாடுகளில் காணப்படுகின்றன.அவை தம் உணவை அவற்றின் கிடங்குகளில்(நீருக்கு அடியில் ஓரிடம்) சேமிக்கின்றன.

Squirrels reserve food in a larder They store a seven course meal with starter

அணில்கள் தங்கள் உணவை அலமாரி போன்ற அமைப்பில் ஒதுக்கி வைக்கின்றன.அவை ஏழு வகை உணவுகளை, துவக்க உணவுடன் சேர்த்து வைக்கின்றன.

Leopards keep their prey on a tree And eat them when they are free Farmers store the harvest in a granary Soon to be packed in the cannery

சிறுத்தைகள் தங்கள் உணவை மரத்தில் வைக்கின்றன. அதை பின்னர் நிதானமாய், ஓய்வில் உண்ணுகின்றன விவசாயிகள் தங்கள் அறுவடையை களஞ்சியத்தில் சேமிக்கின்றனர்.பிறகு அவற்றை கோணிகளில் அடைக்கின்றனர்.

What do you save? everything that nature gave.

நீங்கள் என்ன சேமிக்கின்றீர்கள்? இயற்கை கொடுக்கும் அனைத்தையும் தான்.

What Do Humans Save? Glossary

Cannery – a place where the food is packed in cans or tins  (உணவை தகர குவளைகளில் அடைக்கும் இடம்)
Granary – a storehouse for threshed grain   (போரடிக்கப்பட்ட உதிர்க்கப்பட்ட) தானியங்களை சேமிக்கும் இடம் (களஞ்சியம்)
Pantries – a storage room  (ஒரு சேமிக்கும் இடம்)
pile – to collect   (சேகரித்தல்)
prey – an animal that is hunted and killed by another for food  (ஒரு மிருகம் மற்றொன்றால் உணவுக்காக வேட்டையாடப்படுவது.)

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.8 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.8

Question 1.
Find all values of x for which \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0
Answer:
The given inequality is f(x) = \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0
[The critical numbers of f(x) are those values of x for which f(x) = 0, and those values of x for which f(x) is not defined.
When x = 2 , f(x) = ∞ ⇒ f(x) is not defined.]
The critical numbers are x = 0, 1, 2
Divide the number line into 4 intervals
(- ∞, 0), (0, 1), (1, 2) and (2, ∞)

(1) (- ∞, 0)
When x < 0 say x = – 1
The factor x³ = (- 1)³ = – 1 < 0
The factor x – 1 = – 1 – 1 = – 2 < 0
The factor x – 2 = – 1 – 2 = – 3 < 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) < 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0 is not true in the interval (- ∞, 0)
Therefore, it has no solution in the interval (- ∞, 0)

(2) (0, 1)
When 0 < x < 1 say x = 0.5
The factor x³ = (0.5 )³ > 0
The factor x – 1 = 0.5 – 1 = – 0.5 < 0
The factor x – 2 = 0.5 – 2 = – 1.5 < 0
Thus x³ > 0, x – 1 < 0 and x – 2 < 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0 is true in the interval (0, 1)
Therefore it has solution in (0,1)

(3) (1, 2)
When 1 < x < 2 say x = 1.5
The factor x³ = 0
The factor x – 1 = 1.5 – 1 = 0.5 > 0
The factor x – 2 = 1.5 – 2 = – 0.5 < 0
Thus x³ > 0, x – 1 > 0 and x – 2 < 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) < 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0 is not true in the interval (1, 2).
Therefore it has no solution in (1, 2).

(4) (2, ∞)
When x > 2 say x = 3
The factor x³ = 3³ > 0
The factor x – 1 = 3 – 1 = 2 > 0
The factor x – 2 = 3 – 2 = 1 > 0
Thus x³ > 0, x – 1 > 0 and x – 2 > 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0 is true in the interval (2, ∞).
Therefore it has a solution in (2, ∞)

∴ \(\frac{x^{3}(x-1)}{x-2}\) > 0 has solution in the intervals (0, 1) and (2, ∞)
∴ The solution set is given by (0, 1) ∪ (2, ∞)

Question 2.
Find all values of x that satisfies the inequality \(\frac{2 x-3}{(x-2)(x-4)}\) < 0.
Answer:
The given inequality is

[The critical numbers of f(x) are those values of x for which f(x) = 0, and those values of x for which f(x) is not defined. When x = 2, f(x) = ∞ ⇒ f(x) is not defined.]
The critical numbers are x = \(\frac{3}{2}\), x = 2 , x = 4
Divide the number into 4 intervals

(1) \(\left(-\infty, \frac{3}{2}\right)\)
When x < \(\frac{3}{2}\) say x = 0
The factor x – \(\frac{3}{2}\) = 0 – \(\frac{3}{2}\) < 0
The factor x – 2 = 0 – 2 < 0
The factor x – 4 = 0 – 4 < 0
Thus x – \(\frac{3}{2}\) < 0, x – 2 < 0 and x – 4 < 0

(2) \(\left(\frac{3}{2}, 2\right)\)

(3) (2, 4)
When 2 < x < 4 say x = 3 The factor x – \(\frac{3}{2}\) = 3 – \(\frac{3}{2}\) = \(\frac{3}{2}\) > 0
The factor x – 2 = 3 – 2 = 1 > 0
The factor x – 4 = 3 – 4 = – 1 < 0 Thus x – \(\frac{3}{2}\) > 0, x – 2 > 0 and x – 4 < 0

Thus \(\frac{2 x-3}{(x-2)(x-4)}\) < 0 is true in the interval (2, 4) ∴ It has solution in (2, 4). (4) (4, ∞) When x > 4 say x = 5
The factor x – \(\frac{3}{2}\) = 5 – \(\frac{3}{2}\) = \(\frac{7}{2}\) > 0
The factor x – 2 = 5 – 2 = 3 >0
The factor x – 4 = 5 – 4 = 1 > 0
Thus x – \(\frac{3}{2}\) > 0, x – 2 > 0 and x – 4 > 0

Thus \(\frac{2 x-3}{(x-2)(x-4)}\) < 0 is not true in the interval (4, ∞)
∴ It has a solution in (4, ∞)

Question 3.
Solve: \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) ≤ 0
Answer:

[The critical numbers of f(x) are those values of x for which f(x) = 0, and those values of x for which f(x) is not defined. When x = – 3, 5. f(x) = ∞ ⇒ f(x) is not defined.]

The critical numbers are x = – 2 , 2, – 3, 5
Divide the number line into five intervals
(- ∞, – 3), (- 3, – 2), (- 2, 2), (2, 5) ,(5, ∞)

(a) (- ∞, – 3)
When x <- 3 say x = – 4
The factor x + 2 = – 4 + 2 = – 2 < 0
The factor x – 2 = – 4 – 2 = 6 < 0
The factor x + 3 = – 4 + 3 = – 1 < 0
The factor x – 5 = – 4 – 5 = – 9 < 0
Thus x + 2 < 0, x + 3 < 0, x – 2 < 0, x – 5 < 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) > 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) ≤ 0 is not true in the interval (- ∞, – 3).
∴ It has no solution in (- ∞, – 3)

(b) (- 3, – 2)
When – 3 < x ≤ – 2 say x = – 2.5
The factor x + 2 = – 2.5 + 2 = – 0.5 < 0
The factor x – 2 = – 2.5 – 2 = – 4.5 < 0 The factor x + 3 = – 2.5 + 3 = 0.5 > 0
The factor x – 5 = – 2.5 – 5 = – 7.5 < 0
Thus x + 2 < 0, x + 3 > 0
and
x – 2 < 0
x – 5 < 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) < 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) ≤ 0 is not true in the interval (- 3, – 2).
∴ It has no solution in (- 3, – 2)

(c) (-2, 2)
When – 2 ≤ x ≤ 2 say x = 0
The factor x + 2 = 0 + 2 = 2 > 0
The factor x – 2 = 0 – 2 = – 2 < 0
The factor x + 3 = 0 + 3 = 3 > 0
The factor x – 5 = 0 – 5 = – 5 < 0

Thus x + 2 > 0 ,
x + 3 > 0
and
x – 2 < 0
x – 5 < 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) > 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) ≤ 0 is not true in the interval (- 2, – 2).
∴ It has no solution in (- 2, – 2)

(d) (2, 5)
When 2 ≤ x < 5 say x = 3 The factor x + 2 = 3 = 3 + 2 = 5 > 0
The factor x – 2 = 3 – 2 = 1 > 0
The factor x + 3 = 3 + 3 = 6 > 0
The factor x – 5 = 3 – 5 = – 2 < 0 Thus x + 2 > 0,
x + 3 > 0
and
x – 2 > 0
x – 5 < 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) < 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) ≤ 0 is not true in the interval (2, 5).
∴ It has no solution in (2, 5)

(e) (5, ∞)
When 5 < x < ∞ say x = 6 The factor x + 2 = 6 + 2 = 8 > 0
The factor x – 2 = 6 – 2 = 4 > 0
The factor x + 3 = 6 + 3 = 9 > 0
The factor x – 5 = 6 – 5 = 1 > 0
Thus
x + 2 > 0,
x + 3 > 0
and
x – 2 > 0,
x – 5 > 0
∴ \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) > 0
Thus \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) ≤ 0 is not true in the interval (5, ∞).
∴ It has no solution in (5, ∞)
The given inequality f(x) = \(\frac{x^{2}-4}{x^{2}+4 x-15}\) ≤ 0 has solution in the intervals (-3, – 2]
∴ The solution set is (-3, 2] ∪ [2, 5)

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.7 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.7

Question 1.
Factorize x⁴ + 1
Answer:
The given equation is x⁴ + 1
x⁴ + 1 = (x²)² + 1²
= (x² + 1)² – 2 (x²) (1)
[ a² + b² = (a + b)² – 2ab]
= (x² + 1)² – (√2x)²
= (x² + 1 + √2x) (x² + 1 – √2x)
x⁴ + 1 = (x² + 2x + 1) (x² – √2x + 1)

Question 2.
If x⁴ + x + 1 is a factor of the polynomial 3x³ + 8x² + 8x + a, then find the value of a.
Answer:
Given that x² + x + 1 is a factor of the polynomial 3x³ + 8x² + 8x + a.
∴ 3x³ + 8x² + 8x + a is divisible by x² + x + 1

Since 3x³ + 8x² + 8x + a is divisible by x² + x + 1, the remainder must be zero.
a – 5 = 0
⇒ a = 5

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.6 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.6

Question 1.
Find the zeros of the polynomial function f(x) = 4x² – 25
Answer:
Given f(x) = 4x² – 25
To find the zeors of f(x), put f(x) = 0
∴ 4x² – 25 = 0
⇒ 4x² = 25
⇒ x² = \(\frac{25}{4}\)
⇒ x = ±\(\sqrt{\frac{25}{4}}\) = ±\(\frac{5}{2}\)
Hence the zeros of f(x) are \(-\frac{5}{2}, \frac{5}{2}\)

Question 2.
If x = – 2 is one root of x³ – x² – 17x = 22, then find the other roots of equation.
Answer:
Let f(x) = x³ – x² – 17x – 22 = 0 —– (1)
Given that x = – 2 is a root of f(x).
∴ x + 2 is a factor of f (x)
Using synthetic division

Comparing equation (1) with the equation ax² + bx + c = 0 we have
a = 1, b = – 3 , c = – 11

Question 3.
Find the real roots of x⁴ = 16.
Answer:
x⁴ = 16
⇒ x⁴ – 16 = 0
(i.e.,) x⁴ – 4² = 0
⇒ (x² + 4)(x² – 4) = 0
x² + 4 = 0 will have no real roots
so solving x² – 4 = 0
x² = 4

Question 4.
Solve (2x + 1)² – (3x + 2)² = 0
Answer:
The given equation is (2x + 1)² (3x + 2)² = 0
(2x + 1 + 3x + 2) [(2x + 1) – (3x + 2)] = 0
[a² – b² = (a + b) (a – b)]
(5x + 3) (2x + 1 – 3x – 2) = 0
(5x + 3)(- x – 1) = 0
– (5x + 3)(x + 1) = 0
5x + 3 = 0 or x + 1 = 0
x = – \(\frac{3}{5}\) or x = – 1
∴ Solution set is { – 1, \(\frac{3}{5}\)}

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.5 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Basic Algebra Ex 2.5

Question 1.
Solve 2x² + x – 15 ≤ 0
Answer:
The given inequality is
2x² + x – 15 ≤ 0 ——— (1)
2x² + x – 15 = 2x² + 6x – 5x – 15
= 2x (x + 3) – 5 (x + 3)
= (2x – 5)(x + 3)
2x² + x – 15 = 2\(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)\))(x + 3) ——— (2)
The critical numbers are x – \(\frac{5}{2}\) = 0 or x + 3 = 0
The critical numbers are x = \(\frac{5}{2}\) or x = – 3
Divide the number line into three intervals

(i) (- ∞, – 3)
When x < – 3 say x = – 4
The factor x – \(\frac{5}{2}\) = – 4 – \(\frac{5}{2}\) < 0 and
x + 3 = – 4 + 3 = – 1 < 0
x – \(\frac{5}{2}\) < 0 and x + 3 < 0
⇒ \(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)\) (x + 3) > 0
Using equation (2) 2x² + x – 15 > 0
∴ 2x² + x – 15 ≤ 0 is not true in (- ∞, – 3)

(ii) \(\left(-3, \frac{5}{2}\right)\)
When – 3 < x < \(\frac{5}{2}\) say x = 0
The factor x – \(\frac{5}{2}\) = 0 – \(\frac{5}{2}\) = – \(\frac{5}{2}\) < 0 and
x + 3 = 0 + 3 = 3 > 0
x – \(\frac{5}{2}\) < 0 and x + 3 > 0
⇒ \(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)\) (x + 3) < 0
using equation (2) 2x² + x – 15 < 0
∴ 2x² + x – 15 ≤ 0 is true in \(\left(-3, \frac{5}{2}\right)\)

(iii) \(\left(\frac{5}{2}, \infty\right)\)
When x > \(\frac{5}{2}\) say x = 3
The factor x – \(\frac{5}{2}\) = 3 – \(\frac{5}{2}\) > 0 and
x + 3 = 3 + 3 > 0
x – \(\frac{5}{2}\) > 0 and x + 3 > 0
= \(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)\) (x + 3) > 0
Using equation (2) 2x² + x – 15 > 0
∴ 2x² + x – 15 ≤ 0 is not true in \(\left(\frac{5}{2}, \infty\right)\)

We have proved the inequality 2x² + x – 15 ≤ 0 is true in the interval \(\left(-3, \frac{5}{2}\right)\)
But it is not true in the interval

Question 2.
Solve x² + 3x – 2 ≥ 0
Answer:
The given inequality is
– x² + 3x – 2 ≥ 0
x² – 3x + 2 < 0 ——– (1)
x² – 3x + 2 = x² – 2x – x + 2
= x(x – 2) – 1(x – 2)
x² – 3x + 2 = (x – 1) (x – 2) ——— (2)
The critical numbers are
x – 1 = 0 or x – 2 = 0
The critical numbers are
x = 1 or x = 2
Divide the number line into three intervals
(- ∞, 1), (1, 2) and (2, ∞).

(i) (- ∞, 1)
When x < 1 say x = 0
The factor x – 1 = 0 – 1 = – 1 < 0 and
x – 2 = 0 – 2 = – 2 < 0
x – 1 < 0 and x – 2 < 0
⇒ (x – 1)(x – 2) > 0
Using equation (2) x² – 3x + 2 > 0
∴ The inequality x² – 3x + 2 ≤ 0 is not true in the interval (- ∞, 1 )

(ii) (1, 2)
When x lies between 1 and 2 say x = \(\frac{3}{2}\)
The factor x – 1 = \(\frac{3}{2}\) – 1 = \(\frac{1}{2}\) > 0 and
x – 2 = \(\frac{3}{2}\) – 2 = – \(\frac{1}{2}\) – < 0
x – 1 > 0 and x – 2 < 0
⇒ (x – 1)(x – 2) < 0
Using equation (2) x² – 3x + 2 < 0
∴ The inequality x² – 3x + 2 ≤ 0 is true in the interval (1, 2 )

(iii) (2, ∞)
When x > 2 say x = 3
The factor x – 1 = 3 – 1 = 2 > 0 and
x – 2 = 3 – 2 = 1 > 0
x – 1 > 0 and x – 2 > 0
= (x – 1)(x – 2) > 0
Using equation (2) x² – 3x + 2 > 0
∴ The inequality x² – 3x + 2 ≤ 0 is not true in the interval (2, ∞)
We have proved the inequality x² – 3x + 2 ≤ 0 is true in the interval [ 1, 2 ].
But it is not true in the interval
(- ∞, 1) and (2, ∞)
∴ The solution set is [1, 2]