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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Guide Pdf Chapter 14 பனிமலைப் பயணம் Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Solutions Chapter 14 பனிமலைப் பயணம்

வாங்க பேசலாம்

Question 1.
உமது நண்பரிடம் உமக்குப் பிடித்த, பிடிக்காத பண்புகளைப் பற்றி வகுப்பறையில் கலந்துரையாடுக.
Answer:
மாணவன் 1 – : எனது நண்பன் கிருஷ்ணன். அவனிடம் எனக்குப் பிடித்தவை நிறைய குணங்கள் உள்ளன.
மாணவன் 2 : பிடிக்காதவையென்று ஏதேனும் உள்ளதா?
மாணவன் 1 : ஏன் இல்லை? பிடிக்காத அக்குணத்தை மாற்றிக் கொள்ளும்படி நான் கூறுகிறேன். அவன் சரி என்று கூறுவான். ஆனாலும் சில நேரங்களில் அவனைக் கட்டுப்படுத்த முடியவில்லை .

மாணவன் 2 : பிடிக்காத குணம் என்ன? பிடித்த குணங்கள் எவை?
மாணவன் 1 : பிடித்த குணங்கள் என்று ஒரு பெரிய பட்டியலே உள்ளது. அவை பிறர் மனம் புண்படாதபடிப் பேசுவான். யாரிடமும் சண்டை போட மாட்டான். தன்னைவிடச் சிறியவருக்கும் மரியாதை கொடுப்பான். பெற்றோர், ஆசிரியர் கூறும் வார்த்தைகளை மீறமாட்டான்.

மாணவன் 2 : இவ்வாறு இருந்தால் யாருக்குத்தான் பிடிக்காது?
மாணவன் 1 : சரியாகச் சொன்னாய்! அவனைப் பிடிக்காதவர் எவருமில்லை. ஆனால் தன்னை யாராவது ஏமாற்றுகிறார்கள் என்று தெரிந்தால் அவர்களிடம் பேசவே மாட்டான். கோபம் வந்தால் உச்சக்கட்டத்திற்குச் சென்றுவிடுவான். அவனை அடக்குவது எல்லோருக்கும் மிகவும் கடினமாக இருக்கும். அவன் அப்படி கோபம் கொள்வது எனக்கு பிடிக்காத ஒன்று.

மாணவன் 2 : பரவாயில்லையே, உன் நண்பனைப் பற்றி நன்றாகப் புரிந்து கொண்டுள்ளாயே?
மாணவன் 1 : குணம்நாடி குற்றமும் நாடி அவற்றுள் மிகைநாடி மிக்கக் கொளல் என்று வள்ளுவர் கூறியுள்ளார். அதன்படி என் நண்பனிடம் ஒரு சில பிடிக்காத குணங்கள் இருந்தாலும் பல நல்ல குணங்கள் அதாவது எனக்குப் பிடித்த குணங்கள் இருக்கின்றன.

சிந்திக்கலாமா?

பக்கத்து ஊருக்குச் செல்ல படகிலும் செல்லலாம், பேருந்திலும் செல்லலாம்… எதில் பயணம் செய்ய நீ விரும்புவாய், காரணம் என்ன?
Answer:
நான் படகில் பயணம் செய்ய விரும்புவேன்.
காரணம் :
சாலை வழிப் பயணம் என்பது எப்போதும் எளிதானது. வழக்கமாக நிகழும் ஒன்று. ஆனால் படகில் பயணம் செய்வது அரிதானது.
சாலையில் போக்குவரத்து நெரிசல் அதிகம். மேலும், மாசடைந்த காற்றைச் சுவாசித்துக் கொண்டே செல்ல வேண்டியுள்ளது.

படகில் பயணம் செய்யும்போது மிகவும் குளிர்ச்சியான சூழல் நிலவும். பயணம் செய்வதற்கான சோர்வு இல்லாமல் இருக்கும். இவையே நான் படகில் பயணம் செய்வதற்கான காரணங்கள் ஆகும்.

படிப்போம்! சிந்திப்போம்! எழுதுவோம்!

சரியான சொல்லைத் தெரிவு செய்து எழுதுவோமா?

Question 1.
பனிமலைக்காட்டிற்கு விரைவாகச் சென்றுவிட முடியாது. அடிக்கோடிட்ட சொல்லின் எதிர்ச்சொல் எது?
அ) மெதுவாக
ஆ) எளிதாக
இ) கடினமாக
ஈ) வேகமாக
Answer:
அ) மெதுவாக

Question 2.
“என்ன + என்று” இச்சொல்லைச் சேர்த்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது……………..
அ) என்ன என்று
ஆ) என்னென்று
இ) என்னவென்று
ஈ) என்னவ்வென்று
Answer:
இ) என்னவென்று

Question 3.
“அக்காட்டில்” இச்சொல்லைப் பிரித்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது ……………………
அ) அந்த + காட்டில்
ஆ) அ + காட்டில்
இ) அக் + காட்டில்
ஈ) அந்தக் + காட்டில்
Answer:
ஆ) அ + காட்டில்

Question 4.
“என்னவாயிற்று” இச்சொல்லைப் பிரித்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது ………………..
அ) என்ன + ஆயிற்று
ஆ) என்னவா + ஆயிற்று
இ) என்ன + வாயிற்று
ஈ) என்னவோ + ஆயிற்று
Answer:
அ) என்ன + ஆயிற்று

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க

Question 1.
படகில் செல்லும்போது, விலங்குகள் ஏன் திடீரென அலறின?
Answer:
விலங்குகள் படகில் செல்லும்போது, திடீரென்று ஆற்றில் நீரின் வேகம் அதிகரித்தது. அதனால் படகு ஒரு பக்கமாகச் சாய்ந்ததனால் விலங்குகள் அலறின.

Question 2.
நரி, முதலையிடம் என்ன கூறியது?
Answer:
“இதற்கு முன் ஒரு முதலை, விலங்குகளைச் சாப்பிட்டதால் செரிமானம் ஆகாமல் இறந்துவிட்டது.”
“விஷ முறிவுச் செடிகளை நாங்கள் தின்றுள்ளதால், எங்களை யார் கடித்தாலும் அவர்கள் இறந்துவிடுவர்” என்று நரி முதலையிடம் கூறியது.

Question 3.
இக்கதையில் உனக்குப் பிடித்த விலங்கு எது? ஏன்?
Answer:
எனக்குப் பிடித்த விலங்கு நரி. ஏனெனில் நரி தன் தந்திரத்தால் உடனிருந்த அனைத்து விலங்குகளையும் காப்பாற்றியது.

உரிய பெட்டியுடன் பாராசூட்டை இணைப்போமா?

Answer:

விடுபட்ட இடங்களில் உரிய சொற்களை நிரப்பிப் புதிய சொற்றொடர்கள் உருவாக்குக

Answer:

மொழியோடு விளையாடு

கட்டத்திலுள்ள எழுத்துகளைக் கொண்டு புதிய சொற்களை உருவாக்குக. உருவாக்கிய ஒவ்வொரு சொல்லையும் கீழே எழுதி, விண்மீனுக்கு வண்ணம் தீட்டுக.

Answer:

சொல்லக்கேட்டு எழுதுக

1. அடர்ந்த காடு
2. பயணம்
3. பனிமலைக்காடு
4. விலங்குகள்
5. திருவிழா

அகர வரிசைப்படுத்துக

மகிழ்ச்சியாய்த் தாவத் தொடங்கு, மௌவல் என்னும் அழகிய மலரைச் சென்றடைவாய்.

மைதானம், முறுக்கு, மோப்பம், மகிழ்ச்சி, மௌவல், மாதம், மொழி, மீன், மேகம், மெத்தை, மிளகு, மூட்டை

Answer:

கலையும் கைவண்ணமும்

வண்ணம் தீட்டுவோமா!

செயல் திட்டம்

“அறிவே துணை” என்னும் நீதியை அறிவுறுத்தக்கூடிய கதைகளுள் இரண்டு எழுதி வருக.
Answer:
மாணவர்கள் தாங்களாகவே செய்ய வேண்டும்.

கூடுதல் வினாக்கள்

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க.

Question 1.
காட்டில் வாழ்ந்த விலங்குகள் யாவை?
Answer:
நரி, மான், ஓநாய், வரிக்குதிரை.

Question 2.
விலங்குகளைச் சிறுத்தை எங்கு வரும்படிக் கூறியது?
Answer:
பனிமலைக் காட்டில் நடைபெறும் திருவிழாவிற்கு வரும்படி விலங்குகளை அழைத்தது சிறுத்தை .

Question 3.
முதலையிடமிருந்து தப்பிக்க நரி கூறிய தந்திர மொழிகள் யாவை?
Answer:
1. “சென்றவாரம் விலங்குகளைச் சாப்பிட்ட ஒரு முதலை செரிமானம் ஆகாமல் இறந்து போய்விட்டது. அதற்குத் தயார் என்றால் நீங்கள் சாப்பிடுங்கள்” என்றது நரி.

2. “வழியில் பாம்பு கடித்தால் எங்களுக்கு விஷம் ஏறாமல் இருக்க நாங்கள் விஷமுறிவுச் செடிகளைத் தின்று வந்திருக்கிறோம். அதனால் எங்களை யார் கடித்தாலும் அல்லது நாங்கள் யாரைக் கடித்தாலும் அவர்கள் இறப்பது உறுதி” என்று கூறிக் கொண்டே ஒரு மீனைக் கடித்தது. மீன் இறந்து விட்டது.

3. இதனால் முதலையிடமிருந்து விலங்குகள் உயிர் பிழைத்தன.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 2 Chapter 1 Ancient Excavation Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 1 Ancient Excavation

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Ancient Excavation Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
study the history of humans and places through excavation.
a) Archaeologists
b) Scientists
c) Excavationist
Answer:
a) Archaeologists

Question 2.
Small pyramids were made for the ______ in Egypt.
a) Prince
b) King
c) Queen
Answer:
c) Queen

Question 3.
Indus civilisation is also called as ______ Civilisation.
a) Egypt
b) Harappan
c) American
Answer:
b) Harappan

Question 4.
Adichanallur is in ______ .
a) Thoothukudi
b) Chennai
c) Pondicherry
Answer:
a) Thoothukudi

Question 5.
keezhadi revealed the ______ era.
a) Modern
b) Sangam
c) Middle age
Answer:
b) Sangam

II. Match the Following:

Answer:

III. True or False:

Question 1.
During excavations many artifacts were found.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Indus Civilisation is located in Harappa.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Adichanallur is an archaeological site in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Keezhadi excavation revealed that it was not a developed city.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Roman lamps, glass, stone beads, gems etc. were found in Arikamedu.
Answer:
True

IV. Answer the following:

Question 1.
What is excavation?
Answer:
Excavation is the process in which people dig the Earth to find things that were used long ago.

Question 2
Who is an archaeologist?
Answer:
They study the history of humans and places through excavation and analyse the artefacts. Excavation gives us a glimpse of the past.

Question 3
Write a short note on pyramids.
Answer:
When the Pyramids were excavated it was found that the small pyramids were made for the Queens with personal chapels in it. They found huge tombs with super structures which were built for the burial of the royal family.

Question 4.
What are the artifacts that were found in Adichanallur?.
Answer:
The artefacts unearthed were Urns, pottery of various kinds (Red Ware, Black Ware), iron implements, daggers, swords, spears and arrows, some stone beads and a few gold ornaments.

Question 5.
Where is Keezhadi located?
Answer:
Keezhadi is located in Sivagangai District.

V. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1.
Describe the Indus Civilisation.
Answer:
Indus Civilisation is also called Harappan Civilisation. This was the first site to be excavated in the early 20th century. Baked bricks were found underground. The city was a well-planned, proper sanitation systems, proper well and a way to direct waste water to closed drains. There were advanced granaries, Great bath and protective walls.

Question 2.
Give a detailed study of Keezhadi.
Answer:
Keezhadi is located in Sivagangai district and the village at Thiruppuvanam taluk. Excavations have produced evidence for brick buildings, and well laid – out drainage system. Tamil – Brahmi inscription on pottery, beads of glass, cornelian and quartz, pearl, gold ornaments and iron objects, shell bangles, ivory dice have been unearthed. The Roman artifacts found at the site add to the evidence of ancient Indo – Roman trade relations.

Question 3.
Write about Arikamedu in detail.
Answer:
Arikamedu is an archaeological site situated 4 km from Pondicherry. An archeologist found Roman lamps, glass, stone beads, gems etc. It was a small fishing village, which in earlier times, was a major chola port. Beads of glass, stone, gold and precious and semi-precious stones were made here. Arikamedu was unique because of its production of both stones and glass beads. It was considered as “mother of all bead centres”.

Think Zone:

Question 1.
If I dig the ground near my house, will I get artifacts?
Answer:
No, but if we have the chance to get lucky.

Question 2.
How do archaeologists identify the places with artifacts in it?
Answer:
Archaeologists also look at buildings, ruins, unusual mounds or sunken spots in the land. Sometimes, archaeologists can tell where old roads or walls once stood by looking at aerial photographs. Other times they can get clues from old books, documents and maps.

Question 3.
How do archaeologists get to know the history of a place by looking at the artifacts found in the site of excavation?
Answer:
Test pits are a small hole dug to determine the location, density and spread of artifacts. Then archaeologists excavate the site using trowels shovels and various other tools. They carefully remove dirt and note the precise location of any artifacts found.

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Ancient Excavation Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:
Question 1.
_______ is controlled exploration of what lies under the surface of earth.
a) Excavation
b) Archeologists
c) Scientists
Answer:
a) Excavation

Question 2.
_______ was the first site to be excavated in the early 20th century.
a) Mohenjodaro civilisation
b) Indus civilisation
c) None of these
Answer:
b) Indus civilisation

Question 3.
Arikamedu is an archaeological site situated 4 km from _______.
a) Chennai
b) Thoothukudi
c) Pondicherry
Answer:
c) Pondicherry

Question 4.
The process of digging the ground is called _______.
a) Archeologist
b) Excavation
c) Environment
Answer:
b) Excavation

II. Match the Following:

Answer:

1. (e)
2. (d)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (c)

III. True or False:

Question 1.
Excavation gives us a glimpse of the past.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Indus civilisation is also called mohenjodara civilisation.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Pyramids and Indus civilisation are excavation sites in the world.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The Archaeological survey of India excavated an ancient town dating to sangam Age in Keezhadi village.
Answer:
True

IV. Answer the following:

Question 1.
What are artifacts?
Answer:
The things that Archeologists find during excavation are called artifacts.

Question 2
What is archaeological site?
Answer:
Any place where human activity has occurred and artifacts have been found is called an archaeological site.

Question 3
What are the important excavation sites in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Adhichanallur, Keezhadi and Arikamedu are important excavation sites in Tamil Nadu.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Guide Pdf Chapter 13 நன்னெறி Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Solutions Chapter 13 நன்னெறி

வாங்க பேசலாம்

Question 1.
பாடலை உரிய ஒலிப்புடன் படித்து மகிழ்க.
Answer:
மாணவர்கள் தாங்களாகவே பாடலை உரிய ஒலிப்புடன் படித்து மகிழ வேண்டும்.

Question 2.
உன்னிடம் பிறர் எப்படிப் பேச வேண்டும் என எண்ணுகிறாய்? ஏன்?
Answer:
என்னிடம் பிறர் இன்சொல் பேச வேண்டும் என்று எண்ணுகிறேன்.
ஏனெனில் நாம் பேசும் இன்சொற்களால் அனைவரும் மகிழ்வர். பிறர் நம்மிடம் எவ்வாறு பேச வேண்டும் என்று எண்ணுகிறோமா அதேபோல் நாமும் பிறரிடம் பேசவேண்டும்.

சிந்திக்கலாமா?

இன்சொற்களைப் பேசுவதால் நன்மையே விளையும் என்பதைப் பிறருக்கு எப்படி உணர்த்தலாம்?
Answer:
பிறர் மனதைப் புண்படுத்தாத சொற்களே இன்சொற்கள். நாம் எதிர்நோக்குபவர்களில் புதியவர், சிறியவர், பெரியவர், நண்பர், உறவினர் என எவராக இருந்தாலும் இனிமையாகப் பேசுதல் சிறப்பு. நலம் விசாரித்தல், உபசரித்தல் போன்றவையும் இன்சொல்லாகும்.
இன்சொல் பேசுவதனால் ஏற்படும் நன்மைகளை உணர்த்தும் கதைகளை, நிகழ்வுகளை நாம் பிறருக்குக் கூறலாம்.

படிப்போம்! சிந்திப்போம்! எழுதுவோம்!

சரியான சொல்லைத் தெரிவு செய்து எழுதுவோமா?

Question 1.
‘இன்சொல்’ இச்சொல்லைப் பிரித்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது
அ) இன் + சொல்
ஆ) இனிமை + சொல்
இ) இன்மை + சொல்
ஈ) இனிய + சொல்
Answer:
ஆ) இனிமை + சொல்

Question 2.
‘அதிர்கின்ற வளை’ – இச்சொற்களில் அதிர்கின்ற என்னும் சொல்லின் பொருள்……………
அ) உடைகின்ற
ஆ) ஒலிக்கின்ற
இ) ஒளிர்கின்ற
ஈ) வளைகின்ற
Answer:
ஆ) ஒலிக்கின்ற

Question 3.
வியனுலகம் – இச்சொல்லைப் பிரித்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது …………….
அ) வியன் + உலகம்
ஆ) வியல் + உலகம்
இ) விய + உலகம்
ஈ) வியன் + னுலகம்
Answer:
அ) வியன் + உலகம்

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க

Question 1.
உலகம் எப்போது மகிழும்? – நன்னெறிப் பாடல் மூலம் உணர்த்துக.
Answer:
உலகம் மக்கள் பேசும் இன்சொற்களைக் கேட்டு மகிழும்.

Question 2.
கடலின் அலைகள் எப்போது பொங்கி எழும்?
குளிர்ச்சி பொருந்திய நிலவின் ஒளியைக் கண்டு கடலின் அலைகள் பொங்கி எழும்.
1. இன்சொல் – கதிரவனின் ஒளி
2. வன்சொல் – நிலவின் ஒளி
3. அழல்கதிர் – கடுஞ்சொல்
4. தண்ணென் கதிர் – இனிய சொல்
Answer:
1. இன்சொல் – இனிய சொல்
2. வன்சொல் – கடுஞ்சொல்
3. அழல்கதிர் – கதிரவனின் ஒளி
4. தண்ணென் கதிர் – நிலவின் ஒளி

குறிப்புகளைக் கொண்டு கட்டத்தை நிரப்புக

Answer:

சிறு வட்டத்தில் உள்ள எழுத்தை முதலாகக் கொண்டு சொல் உருவாக்குக

Answer:

அறிந்து கொள்வோம்

செயல் திட்டம்

இனியவை கூறல் என்னும் திருக்குறள் அதிகாரத்திலுள்ள குறட்பாக்களை எழுதி வருக.
Answer:
1. இன்சொலால் ஈரம் அளைஇப் படிறுஇலவாம்
செம்பொருள் கண்டார்வாய்ச் சொல்.
2. அகன்அமர்ந்து ஈதலின் நன்றே முகனமர்ந்து
இன்சொலன் ஆகப் பெறின்.
3. முகத்தான் அமர்ந்து இனிதுநோக்கி அகத்தானாம்
இன்சொ லினதே அறம்.
4. துன்புறூஉம் துவ்வாமை இல்லாகும் யார்மாட்டும்
இன்புறூஉம் இன்சொ லவர்க்கு
5.பணிவுடையன் இன்சொலன் ஆதல் ஒருவற்கு அணியல்ல மற்றுப் பிற.
6. அல்லவை தேய அறம்பெருகும் நல்லவை
நாடி இனிய சொலின்.
7. நயன்ஈன்று நன்றி பயக்கும் பயன்ஈன்று
பண்பின் தலைப்பிரியாச் சொல்.
8. சிறுமையுவு நீங்கிய இன்சொல் மறுமையும்
இம்மையும் இன்பம் தரும்.
9. இன்சொல் இனிதீன்றல் காண்பான் எவன்கொலோ
வன்சொல் வழங்கு வது.
10. இனிய உளவாக இன்னாத கூறல்
கனிஇருப்பக் காய்கவர்ந் தற்று.

கூடுதல் வினாக்கள்

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க.

Question 1.
நன்னெறி நூல் பற்றி எழுதுக.
Answer:

• நீதி நூல்களுள் ஒன்று நன்னெறி.
• இந்நூலைத் துறைமங்கலம் சிவப்பிரகாச சுவாமிகள் இயற்றினார். நாற்பது நேரிசை வெண்பாக்கள் இந்நூலில் உள்ளன.
• ஒவ்வொரு வெண்பாவும் ஒவ்வோர் உவமை மூலம் ஒவ்வொரு நீதிக்கருத்தை விளக்குவது இந்நூலின் சிறப்பாகும்.

Question 2.
இன்சொல் – வன்சொல், நன்னெறிப் பாடல் மூலம் விளக்குக.
Answer:

• கடலானது கதிரவனின் வெப்பத்தைக் கண்டு பொங்காது. குளிர்ச்சி பொருந்திய நிலவின் ஒளி கண்டுதான் பொங்கும்.
• அதுபோலக் கடலால் சூழப்பட்ட இப்பெரிய உலகில் வாழும் மக்கள் இன்சொற்களைக் கேட்டு மகிழ்வார்களே அன்றி, வன்சொற்களைக் கேட்டு மகிழ மாட்டார்கள் என்று நன்னெறி கூறுகிறது.

பாடல் பொருள்

பொன்னாலான ஒலிக்கும் வளையல்களை அணிந்த பெண்ணே, கடலானது கதிரவனின் வெப்பத்தைக் கண்டு பொங்காது. குளிர்ச்சி பொருந்திய நிலவின் ஒளி கண்டுதான் பொங்கும். அதுபோலக் கடலால் சூழப்பட்ட இப்பெரிய உலகில் வாழும் மக்கள் இன்சொற்களைக் கேட்டு மகிழ்வார்களே அன்றி, வன்சொற்களைக் கேட்டு மகிழ மாட்டார்கள் என்பதைப் புரிந்து செயல்படுக.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 1 Chapter 3 Good Citizen Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 3 Good Citizen

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Good Citizen Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Evaluation

I. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
Man is a ________.
Answer:
social animal

Question 2.
The word civic means ________ of a nation.
Answer:
citizen

Question 3.
The aim of education is to change a person into a ________.
Answer:
valuable person

Question 4.
________ is the basic value for every individual.
Answer:
Personal value

Question 5.
Always be ________ in discharging duty.
Answer:
punctual

II. Match the following.

Answer:

1. (e)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (c)
5. (b)

III. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Define the term Citizen.
Answer:
The term citizen means an inhabitant of a particular country, enjoying various rights and executing his duties.

Question 2.
List out any five personal values.
Answer:

1. Being Honest
2. Help others
3. Love all living beings
4. Always speak the truth
5. Help Elders and poor.

Question 3.
Write a short note on cultural values.
Answer:

• Becoming well mannered and cultured is an essence of society.
• Irrespective of language and religion people live together in harmony. This helps to maintain cultural values.
• We are all humans. We must live together as brothers and sisters.

Question 4.
What are the social values?
Answer:

• Maintain good relations with people.
• Respect elders
• Respect nature
• Be tolerant
• Maintain friendship.

Question 5.
What are disciplinary values?
Answer:

• Punctuality
• Involvement
• Treating everyone as equal
• Doing work on time
• Holding your morals.

IV. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Write about the constitutional values.
Answer:
The Constitutional values are,

• Safeguard the public properties
• Maintain the unity and integrity of the Nation
• Develop Scientific attitude
• Protect the natural resources
• Care for the environment
• Develop patriotism.

Question 2.
Write any five factors that enrich good values.
Answer:
The factors that enriches good values are,

1. Literacy
2. Creating awareness and interests
3. Trying hard till success
4. One’s own evaluation
5. Acceptance.

Try These:

Question 1.
We show _____________ to all living beings.
Answer:
Love

Question2.
Help the poor with ____________.
Answer:
generosity

Question 3.
____________ is the best policy.
Answer:
Honesty

Question 4.
The best relationship is ____________.
Answer:
friendship

Question 5.
We show ____________ to our guests.
Answer:
hospitality

Question 6.
We show ____________ to those who suffer.
Answer:
mercy

Question 7.
Always speak the ____________.
Answer:
truth

Question 8.
We must maintain ____________ in public.
Answer:
peace

Try These

Question 1.
What is your mother tongue ? ____________
Answer:
Tamil

Question 2.
____________ is the best policy.
Answer:
Honesty

Question 3.
Main food of North India is ____________.
Answer:
Wheat

Question 4.
____________ is the main food of south India.
Answer:
Rice

Question 5.
How many languages do you know? ____________
Answer:
2

Think:

Question 1.
Grow trees to get______________ .
Answer:
rainfall

Question 2.
Millions benefit if they live ______________ .
Answer:
peacefully

Question 3.
United we ______________ divided we fall.
Answer:
stand

Circle the good values given above:

Answer:

Match the Following:

Answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Good Citizen Additional Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
_____________ is the best policy.
Answer:
Honesty

Question 2.
Good values ore classified into ____________ types.
Answer:
foul

Question 3.
___________ values ore love, generosity, mercy etc.,
Answer:
Personal

Question 4.
____________ values include indiscriminate society and various cultural features.
Answer:
Cultural

Question 5.
____________ is an important feature of social values.
Answer:
Mannerism

Question 6.
To protect equality is the soul of ____________ value.
Answer:
disciplinary

II. Match the following:

Answer:

1. (d)
2. (a)
3. (b)
4. (c)

III. Answer the following Questions:

Question 1.
What are the five senses?
Answer:

1. Sight
2. Hearing
3. Smell
4. Taste
5. Touch

Question 2.
What are the types of Good values?
Answer:

Question 3.
What are Personal values?
Answer:
Personal value is the basic value for every individual. We must bring out the hidden values of a person that they acquire from their experiences. This leads to their overall development.

Question 4.
What are the factors that affect our values?
Answer:
There are some factors that effect our values :

1. Extreme faith in religion leads to communalism.
2. Don’t break the queue/rules.
3. Spitting and dumping garbage anywhere.
4. Polluting land and water.

IV. Answer the detail:

Question 1.
What are the steps we need to follow to stay healthy?
Answer:

1. Wakeup early in the morning
2. Brush your teeth
3. Have a bath
4. Wear clean clothe
5. Wear slippers/shoes
6. Trim hair and cut the nails
7. Wash hands before and after meals.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 1 Chapter 4 Atmosphere Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 4 Atmosphere

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Atmosphere Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Evaluation

I. Choose the best answer.

Question 1.
The atmosphere is divided ______ into layers.
(a) four
(b) five
(c) six
(d) seven
Answer:
(b) five

Question 2.
The Earth receives heat energy from the ______ .
(a) Moon
(b) Mars
(c) Sun
(d) Venus
Answer:
(c) Sun

Question 3.
World Meteorological Day
(a) March – 20
(b) March – 21
(c) March – 22
(d) March – 23
Answer:
(d) March – 23

Question 4.
The study of weather is called _______ .
(a) Meteorology
(b) Ecology
(c) Archaeology
(d) Sociology
Answer:
(a) Meteorology

Question 5.
Zone located in between Tropic cancer and Tropic of Capricorn is _______ zone.
(a) Temperate
(b) Subtropical
(c) Cold
(d) Torrid
Answer:
(d) Torrid

Question 6.
_______ is used to measure pressure in the air.
(a) Barometer
(b) Thermometer
(c) Anemometer
(d) Wind vane
Answer:
(a) Barometer

Question 7.
Monsoon is derived from the _______ word.
(a) Greek
(b) Arabian
(c) English
(d) Latin
Answer:
(b) Arabian

Question 8.
Vertical cloud is called _________ .
(a) Cirrus cloud
(b) Stratus clouds
(c) Cumulus clouds
(d) Nimbus clouds
Answer:
(d) Nimbus clouds

Question 9.
________ clouds give convectional rainfall.
(a) Cirrus
b) Stratus
(c) Cumulus
(d) Nimbus
Answer:
(c) Cumulus

Question 10.
Statement I – The instrument used to measure wind direction in wind vane.
Statement II – Light travels faster than sound.
(a) Statement I is True, II is False
(b) Statement I,II are True
(c) Statement I,II are False
(d) Statement I is False, II is True
Answer:
(b) Statement I,II are True

II. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
The instrument used to measure heat _______ .
Answer:
Calorimeter

Question 2.
The imaginary lines drawn parallel to the surface of the earth is _______ .
Answer:
Latitudes

Question 3.
Sea breeze blows from _______ in the evening.
Answer:
sea to land

Question 4.
_______ are rain clouds.
Answer:
Nimbus

III. Match the following

Answer:

1. (c)
2. (a)
3. (d)
4. (b)

IV. State True/ False.

Question 1.
All weather changes occur in the Troposphere.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Latitudes and Longitudes help us to locate a country.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Atmosphere gets heated by conduction than solar radiation.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The main reason for the change of wind direction is to Earth’s rotation.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Cyclone moves in anti-clockwise direction.
Answer:
True

V. Answer the following.

Question 1.
What is climate?
Answer:
The word climate is derived from the Greek word called clima. Climate is the average weather condition of a vast area over more than 30 years.

Question 2.
Name the atmospheric layers.
Answer:

• Troposphere
• Stratosphere
• Mesosphere
• Thermosphere
• Exosphere.

Question 3.
Write a short note on the Nimbus clouds.
Answer:
Nimbus clouds appears as dark or grey in color. It gives heavy rainfall. It’s called vertical or rain clouds.

Question 4.
Write a short note on the orographic rainfall.
Answer:
When the moisture laden winds from the sea rises as it moves over a mountain range, it becomes cool and causes heavy rainfall. The opposite side of the mountain is called Leeward side. It receives very little rainfall.

VI. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Write about Jet Streams.
Answer:

• Air currents in the upper layers of atmosphere is known as Jet streams.
• It could determine the arrival and departure of monsoon winds in India.

Question 2.
Explain the types of winds.
Answer:
Wind:
The air moves horizontally from high pressure to low pressure area is called wind. :
Different types of wind
Planetary winds: These winds move in the same direction throughout the year with the rotation of the earth.

Monsoon winds: They are seasonal winds.
Types:

• South west monsoon winds.
• North east monsoon winds.
• Monsoon rains.

Sea breeze: Wind blows from sea to land during the evening.

Land breeze: Wind blows from land to sea in the morning.

InText Activity

Question 1.
Take a ball and throw it up in the air observe the increasing speed of the ball when it comes down.
Answer:
Activity to be done by the students themselves

Question 2.
Write the significance of gases.
Answer:
Oxygen – makes life possible on the Earth.
Carbondioxide – helps to retain warmth on the Earth.
Ozone – protects our earth from ultra violet rays.

Project:
Draw Heat Zones.
Answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Atmosphere Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the best answer.

Question 1.
The earth rotates on its axis once in
(a) 12
(b) 24
(c) 36
(d) 48
Answer:
(b) 24

Question 2.
Sunlight takes _______ minutes time to move 1°.
(a) 2
(b) 3.5
(c) 4
(d) 4.5
Answer:
(c) 4

Question 3.
The instrument used to measure the speed of the wind is
(a) Airmeter
(b) Thermometer
(c) Anemometer
(d) windmeter
Answer:
(c) Anemometer

II. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
__________ is the great circle at the centre of the earth.
Answer:
Equators

Question 2.
The 0° longitude is called ________ meridian.
Answer:
prime

Question 3.
The highest mountain in the world is __________ .
Answer:
Himalayas

Question 4.
__________ is the highest peak in the world.
Answer:
Mount Everest

Question 5.
__________ is the highest peak in the Nilgiri ranges.
Answer:
Doddabetta

Question 6.
The instrument used to measure the direction of wind is __________ .
Answer:
wind vane

Question 7.
__________ energy is a form of renewable energy.
Answer:
Wind

Question 8.
A generator can convert mechanical energy into __________ .
Answer:
electricity

Question 9.
The word monsoon is derived from the Arabic term.
Answer:
‘Mausim’

Question 10.
__________ blows from sea to land during the evening.
Answer:
Sea breeze

Question 11.
__________ blows from land to sea in the morning.
Answer:
Land breeze

III. Match the Following:

I.


Answer:

1. (c)
2. (d)
3. (b)
4. (a)

II.

Answer:

1. (e)
2. (d)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (c)

IV. True/ False.

Question 1.
Wind turbines converts the kinetic energy into electricity energy. T/F
Answer:
Flase

Question 2.
Local wind affects the weather. T/F
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Cumulus clouds are associated with rainfall lightning and thunder. T/F
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Condensation of the wind causes rain fall. T/F
Answer:
True

Question 5.
The warm air from the hot area is heated and moves downwards. T/F
Answer:
False

V. Write short note:

Question 1.
What is Biosphere?
Answer:
Biosphere is the combination of lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

Question 2.
What is atmosphere?
Answer:
Atmosphere is the envelope of air around the Earth.

Question 3.
What are the types of heat zones?
Answer:
Frigid zone, Temperate zone, Torrid zone.

Question 4.
What is wind?
Answer:
The air which moves horizontally from high pressure to low pressure area is called wind.

Question 5.
What are the types of local wind?
Answer:

• Warm local wind – North West India
• Cool local wind – North East India

Question 6.
Explain about cyclone.
Answer:
Hurricane/cyclone changes its position and direction with time to time. The speed of winds also changes with time. It gives very heavy rainfall.

Question 7.
Explain Convectional Rain fall.
Answer:
During summer solar insolation takes place in land. Water evaporates from lakes, ponds and vegetations. Due to this a heavy rainfall with lightning and thunder occurs in the evening for a short period.

VI. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Explain Loo wind.
Answer:
The ‘Loo’ is a strong, dusty, gusty, hot and dry summer wind from the west which blows over of North Western India. It is especially strong in the months of May and June. Due to it very high temperature, exposure to it often leads to fatal heatstrokes.

Question 2.
Explain the types of clouds.
Answer:
The clouds are composed of water vapour in the air. The clouds are divided into four categories on the basis of appearance and height. They are

1. Cirrus cloud
2. Stratus cloud
3. Cumulus cloud
4. Nimbus cloud

1. Cirrus cloud: These clouds appears like a silver grey fish at a very high altitude in the sky. These may not give rain.

2. Stratus cloud: They are grey in colour and are spreadout. They may give small shower.

3. Cumulus cloud: It looks like a burst cotton and gives convectional rainfall. These clouds are associated with rainfall lightning and thunder.

4. Nimbus cloud: It appears as dark or grey in color. It gives heavy rainfall. It is called vertical or rain clouds.

Question 3.
Write about ‘weather factory’.
Answer:
When the clouds of positive and negative (+, -) charge hit each other, lightning and thunder are produced. Light travels faster than sound, therefore thunder follows lightning. When all the characteristics together activate at same time it is called weather factory.

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Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf Free Download

Tamilnadu State Board Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Book Back Answers Solutions Guide Term 1, 2, 3.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Book Back Answers

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Book Solutions Term 1

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Prose

• Chapter 1 The Trick Robot
• Chapter 2 Do It Yourself
• Chapter 3 Robinson Crusoe

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Poem

• Chapter 1 My Robot
• Chapter 2 Treasure Trove
• Chapter 3 A Voyage

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Supplementary

• Chapter 1 Robot Expo
• Chapter 2 Anbu and the Fish
• Chapter 3 Bajju’s Brave Adventure

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Book Solutions Term 2

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Prose

• Chapter 1 Appa
• Chapter 2 A Lesson to Save

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Poem

• Chapter 1 The Real Wealth
• Chapter 2 What do Humans Save?

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Supplementary

• Chapter 1 The True Friend
• Chapter 2 Save Wisely

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Book Solutions Term 3

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Prose

• Chapter 1 The Seven Seeds
• Chapter 2 Bala Spins Magic
• Chapter 3 The Struggling Star

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Poem

• Chapter 1 Be Honest
• Chapter 2 The Painter
• Chapter 3 Never Give up

Samacheer Kalvi 4th English Supplementary

• Chapter 1 The Mistaken Plate
• Chapter 2 The Wooden Toy
• Chapter 3 The Magic Pencil

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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 1 Chapter 2 Towards History Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 2 Towards History

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Towards History Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Evaluation

I. Choose the best Answer:

Question 1.
Palaeolithic humans,
(a) Wore cotton clothes
(b) Wore woolen clothes.
(c) Wore leaves and skin of animals
Answer:
(c) Wore leaves and skin of animals

Question 2.
________ was the first pet animal of man.
(a) Cow
(b) Horse
(c) Dog
Answer:
(c) Dog

Question 3.
What was the first metal discovered by early human?
(a) Iron
(b) Copper
(c) Gold
Answer:
(b) Copper

II. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
Early man lived in ________.
Answer:
caves and holes of big tree

Question 2.
The Stone Age is the period in which Stones were used as________ .
Answer:
weapons

Question 3.
________ was used to produce fire.
Answer:
Scratching two stones

Question 4.
________ is the first scientific invention of man.
Answer:
Stone wheels

Question 5.
At the end of New Stone Age, ________ was invented.
Answer:
copper

III. Answer the following.

Question 1.
What is Stone Age?
Answer:
Stone age is a period in which stones were used as weapons.

Question 2.
Write a short note on Nomadic Life.
Answer:

• Early humans did not know to grow crops.
• They wandered in all the landscapes in search of food.
• They ate whatever they got and drank water from natural sources.
• This kind of life was called nomadic life.

Question 3.
Define Neolithic age.
Answer:
Man used bones, horns, stones, skin, branches of trees and sticks as their tools and weapons. This stage of development in history was called New stone age or Neolithic age.

Question 4.
Write a short note on Pottery.
Answer:

• Pottery was also one of the greatest inventions by humans.
• The baked pot was strong and looked beautiful.
• Stone Age people made all the household artefacts by themselves.

Question 5.
Name some Archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
In Tamilnadu, Athichanallur, Arikkamedu and Keeladi.

IV. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
How can we classify the Stone Age?
Answer:

Question 2.
Write about Chalcolithic Age and Iron Age.
Answer:

• Chalcolithic Age – At the end of new Stone Age copper was invented. In this age both stone and copper were used. This period was called Chalcolithic Age.
• Iron Age – After Chalcolithic Age, humans discovered iron and started using iron tools and weapons. This age was called Iron Age. In this age household articles and agricultural tools were made up of iron.

InText Activity

Question 1.
What were the food eaten by early humans?
Answer:
Flesh of animals, green leaves, roots and grains.

Question 2.
Why did early humans live in caves?
Answer:
To Protect themselves from wild animals and weather.

Question 3.
Why did they eat raw flesh?
Answer:
They did not know the use of fire.

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide 2 Towards History  Additional Question and Answers

I. Choose the best answer:

Question 1.
Humans tamed ___________ as their pet at first.
(a) dog
(b) cow
(c) fox
(d) elephant
Answer:
(a) do

Question 2.
Palaeolithic age is in _________ years ago.
(a) 10,000 BCE
(b) 8,000 BCE
(c) 100 BCE
(d) 4,000 BCE
Answer:
(a) 10,000

Question 3.
Mesolithic age is known as ________ .
(a) Old stone age
(b) Middle stone age
(c) New stone age
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Middle stone age

Question 4.
Civilisations started around ________ years ago.
(a) 200
(b) 300
(c) 400
(d) 500
Answer:
(b) 30

II. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
Early humans used the ________ tools to protect themselves.
Answer:
stone

Question 2.
________ stone is used for making tools and weapons.
Answer:
Quartzite

Question 3.
________ stone was used to produce fire.
Ans :
Flint

Question 4.
Study of coins is called ________
Answer:
Numismatics

Question 5.
________ people used bones, horns, stones, skin, branches of trees.
Answer:
Neolithic age

Question 6.
________ was the greatest inventions by humans.
Answer:
Pottery

Question 7.
The period which has written documents are called ________ period.
Answer:
Historical

III. Answer the following:

Question 1.
What are the uses of fire?
Answer:

1. To protect themselves from animals.
2. To find the path at night.
3. To protect themselves from winter.

Question 2.
What is the help of historical period document?
Answer:
Historical period documents help us to know about the life styles of the people, events, food habits, culture, art, architecture, literature etc.,

Question 3.
What is stone wheels?
Answer:
When the stones rolled down the mountains they acquired round shape. Humans observed them and thus wheel was invented. In the beginning it was made of stone and later by wood. This was the first scientific invention.

Question 4.
What is Numismatics?
Answer:
study of coins is called Numismatics. All types of coins right from metals to paper help to learn about the kings, and economic conditions of that period.

Question 5.
What is inscription?
Answer:
Scripts inscribed about a king’s rule, people or society on rocks and walls are called inscriptions, usually they are found on temple walls.

Question 6.
Classify Palaeolithic and Neolithic tools.
Answer:
Palaeolithic tools – Tools made of Quartzite stone.
Neolithic age tools – Tools made of bones, horns, skin, branches of trees and sticks.

Question 7.
What are the sources that help us to learn history?
Answer:
All the evidences or traces like, artifacts, pots, coins, idols, ornaments, weapons written documents etc, are valuable sources to construct history.

Question 8.
What is a museum?
Answer:
Museum is a place where objects which are rare and used by our ancestors are preserved. These give information about the lives of people.

Question 9.
Why were paintings drawn on rocks?
Answer:

• Paintings could have been drawn or rocks to convey their lifestyles to the future generations.
• They might have wished to record their activities through their paintings.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 1 Chapter 1 Our Earth Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Our Earth

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Our Earth Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Evaluation

I. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
The distance between the earth and the sun is _________ .
Answer:
Nearly 150 Million Km

Question 2.
_________ are caused due to revolution of the Earth.
Answer:
Seasons

Question 3.
The continent _________ is covered by ice
Answer:
Antarctica

Question 4.
The biggest continent is _________ .
Answer :
Asia

Question 5.
_________ is described as Red Planet.
Answer:
Mars

Question 6.
_________ Percentage of our earth is covered by salt water.
Answer :
71 %

II. Match the Following

Answer:

1. (b)
2. (c)
3. (e)
4. (a)
5. (d)

III. Short Question and Answers:

Question 1.
What do you know about Universe?
Answer:

• The Universe is a vast expansion of space.
• The Universe consists of billions of galaxies, stars, planets, dwarf planets, comets, asteroids, meteoroids and natural satellites.
• The exact size of the universe is still unknown. Scientists believe that the universe is still expanding outward.

Question 2.
Define solar system.
Answer:
Solar system consists of the sun, the planets, stars, their moons, dwarf planets, asteroids and comets. These objects are gravitationally bound.

Question 3.
How did the Earth form?
Answer:

• Approximately 4.54 billion years ago, Solar System was a cloud of dust and gas known as Solar Nebula.
• Due to an explosion, these particles collapsed and began to spin having the sun at centre.
• The bigger particles which revolve around the sun are called planets. Thus the planet Earth formed.

Question 4.
Distinguish between Rotation and Revolution.
Answer:

Question 5.
How many oceans are there in the earth?
Answer:
There are 5 oceans in the Earth.

1. Pacific Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean
3. Indian Ocean
4. Arctic Ocean
5. Southern Ocean

IV. Paragraph:

Question 1.
Write about the solar system.
Answer:

• There are 8 planets in our solar system.
• The outer planets are Gaseous planets.
• They are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
• The inner – rocky planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.
• They are called Terrestrial Planets.
• The frozen planets are Uranus and Neptune

Question 2.
Write about the Planet Earth in detail.
Answer:

• Our Earth is called the Blue Planet.
• It is made up of 7 Continents and 5 Oceans.
• We live on the surface of the Earth.
• Around 71% of our Earth is covered by salt water called Oceans.
• Asia is the largest continent and Australia is the smallest continent.

Question 3.
Explain about the continents.
Answer:

• Earth is made up of 7 continents and 5 oceans.
• The continents are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Australia.
• The biggest continent is Asia continent, and the smallest one is Australia.
• Antarctica is a snow covered landmass.

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Our Earth Additional Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
The Earth is the ______________ planet from the sun.
Answer :
Third

Question 2.
day and night are caused due to the earth’s ________
Answer:
rotation

Question 3.
Universe is also referred to us ________.
Answer:
cosmos

Question 4.
___________ is called Earth’s twin.
Answer :
Venus

Question 5.
The continent full of snow is ________.
Answer:
Antarctica

Question 6.
Only percent of water is fresh in earth.
Answer :
2.5

Question 7.
Birlo Planetarium is located in __________ .
Answer:
Chennai

Question 8.
Galaxy is the huge cluster of __________ .
Answer:
stars

II. Match the following:

Answer :

1. (b)
2. (e)
3. (d)
4. (c)
5. (a)

III. Short Question and Answers:

Question 1.
What is the galaxy?
Answer:
Galaxy has a huge cluster of stars. Our galaxy ‘Milky way is one of the countless billions of galaxies in the Universe.

Question 2.
How many continents are there in the earth?
Answer:
Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe,
and Australia.

Question 3.
Which are the biggest and smallest continents in our earth?
Answer:
The biggest continent is Asia and the smallest continent is Australia.

IV. Answer in Paragraph:

Question 1.
Why is Mars called the red planet?
Answer:
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and the second smallest planet in the solar system, after Mercury. It is named after the Roman God of war. It appears red in colour due to the presence of iron oxide on its surface. So, it is often described as the Red planet.

V. Map work:

Question 1.
On a world map mark the five oceans and Continents of the Earth.
Answer:

Question 2.
On a world map mark the deserts and forests.
Answer :

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Guide Pdf History Chapter 5 Migration Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Important Questions Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Solutions Economics Chapter 5 Migration

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Migration Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct Answer

Question 1.
According to the 2011 census, the total population of India was
(a) 121 crore
(b) 221 crore
(c) 102 crore
(d) 100 crore
Answer:
(a) 121 crore

Question 2.
_______ has recorded the maximum number of emigrants.
(a) Ramanathapuram
(b) Coimbatore
(c) Chennai
(d) vellore
Answer:
(c) Chennai

Question3.
during 2015,______of illiterates were migrants from Tamil Nadu.
(a) 7%
(b) 175%
(c) 23%
(d) 9%
Answer :
(a) 7%

Question4.
The poorer sections of the population migrate__________
(a) as a survival strategy
(b) to improve their living standards
(c) as a service
(d) to get experience
Answer:
(a) survival strategy

II. Fill in the blanks

1. Migration is enumerated on_______and_____bases.
2. The mobility of population in rural areas is ______than urban areas.
3. In rural india ,as per census 2011,________percent of the population are counted as migrants.
4. ______ is the major reason for female migration.
5. Any migrant stream would consist of______ sub streams.

Answer:

1. place of birth,place of residence
2. greater
3. 37
4. marriage
5. heterogeneous

III. Match the following

1. Migration policy – (a) Work
2. Female migrants – (b) low incidence of out migration
3. Chennai – (c) maximum number of emigration
4. Better off migrants – (d) marriage
5. Salem – (e) to reduce the volume of migration
6. Male migrants – (f) to improve the living standard

Answer:

1. – (e)
2. – (d)
3. – (c)
4. – (f)
5. – (b)
6. – (a)

IV.Give short answers

Question 1.
Enlist the reasons for migration.
Answer:
The reasons for migration include; Work/Employment, Business, Education, Marriage, and other such reasons.

Question 2.
What are the major factors responsible for female migrants in India?
Answer:

1. Among female migrants, 70 % in India and 51 % in Tamil Nadu report marriage as their reason for migration, in 2011.
2. Marriage and the movement associated with marriage appear to be a major factor responsible for women’s mobility in India and in Tamil Nadu

Question 3.
Name four districts in Tamil Nadu which record a low number of migration.
Answer:
Cuddalore, Karur, Thiruvannamalai, Vellore, Namakkal, Salem, Dindigul, Krishnagiri, Nilgiris and Dharmapuri districts record low number of emigrants.

Question 4.
What are the factors responsible for the poorer sections and better-off sections to migrate?
Answer:

1. Poorer sections of the population people migrate as a survival strategy.
2. Migrants from better-off sections move to their living standards.

Question 5.
List the four destinations and the percentage of migrants from Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Of the total migrants who go to foreign countries, nearly 20% have chosen to go to Singapore, while 18% to the United Arab Emirates, 16% to Saudi Arabia, 13 % to the United States of America.

Question6.
What does the study reveal about the occupation undertaken by migrants?
Answer:

1. The study clearly reveals a whole range of occupations undertaken by migrants.
2. Highly skilled occupation on the one hand and low skilled occupations on the other with a large number of semi-skilled occupations in between.

V. Answer in detail

Question.1
State the aims of migration policies.
Answer:
Policies to address the problem of migration in developing countries like India essentially aim at the following:
To reduce the volume of migration: As a large part of the migration is a reflection of poverty
and insecurity faced by large sections of the rural people, the focus of intervention has to be in rural areas. Rural development policies to reduce poverty and insecurity would be essential to reduce the rate of migration.

To redirect the migrant streams: Redirection of migrant streams, away from big metropolitan cities is a desirable policy option. This policy can help in reducing spatial inequalities by suitable strategies, such as developing a more dispersed pattern of urbanisation.

Question.2
Discuss the patterns of migration.
Answer:

1. The pattern of migration is very complex, comprising of number of streams.
2. Rural to rural; rural to urban; urban to rural; urban to urban.
3. Short, medium and long distance migration streams.
4. Long-term stable migration and short-term circulatory type of movements.
5. Each of these streams would consist of different types of migrants (from different social classes), each with its own reason for migration.
6. The extent and nature of these rhigrant streams would essentially depend on.
   • Pressures and aspirations experienced hy people at the origin of migration.
   • Constraints imposed on mobility at the origin of migration.
   • Opportunities at the destination and
   • The cost of migration.

Question 3.
Elucidate about some of the interesting findings of migration in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
In Tamil Nadu, two out of every five persons is reported to be a migrant in the year 2011. Incidence of migrants is higher in rural areas and larger among women. Tamil Nadu has a history of migration and people have moved for various reasons such as trade, business, employment etc, to various countries. During the colonial period, labourers had moved to other colonies seeking work and wages.

In the more recent period workers from Tamil Nadu have been moving to countries in the Gulf, the United States of America and Australia. In 2015, an independent research study was conducted to understand the level, nature and pattern of migration in Tamil Nadu. This study has made some interesting findings, as discussed below:

• Of the total migrants in Tamil Nadu, 65 percent have migrated or moved abroad while 35 percent have moved within the country.
• Chennai district has recorded the maximum number of emigrants followed by Coimbatore, Ramanathapuram and Tiruchirapalli districts.
  Cuddalore, Karur, Thiruvannamalai, Vellore, Namakkal, Salem, Dindigul, Krishnagiri, Nilgirfs and Dharmapuri districts record low number of emigrants. This study also provides information about the sex and destination of migrants Tamil Nadu.
• Of the total migrants who go to foreign countries, nearly 20% have chosen to go to Singapore, while 18% to the United Arab Emirates, 16% to Saudi Arabia, 13 % to the United States of America; and Malaysia, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Australia and England are also refered as important destinations for migrants from Tamil Nadu in the year 2015.
• Of the international migrants, 15 percent are women, while 85 percent are men.

Question 4.
Analyse the educational qualification of migrants from Tamil Nadu in 2015.
Answer:
On the question of educational qualifications of migrants from Tamil Nadu, the study reveals that in 2015 about 7 % were illiterates; 30 % have completed schooling ie. class 10; 10 % have completed class 12; 15 % had undergone some vocational training; 11 % were graduates; 12% were professionally qualified and 11 % had post graduate degrees.

VI. Write the correct statement.

Question 1.
In recent times workers from Tamil Nadu are moving to Africa.
Answer:
In the more recent period workers from Tamil Nadu have been moving to countries in the Gulf, United States of America and Australia.

Question 2.
In Tamil Nadu, the extent of migration is much higher in urban areas compared to rural areas.
Answer:
In Tamil Nadu, the extent of migration is much higher in rural are as compared to urban areas.

Question 3.
Any migrant stream would consist of homogenous sub-streams.
Answer:
Any migrant stream would consist of heterogenous-sub streams.

Question 4.
Two out of even, 10 persons are reported to be a migrant.
Answer:
Two out of every five persons are reported to be a migrant.

Samacheer Kalvi 9th Social Science Migration Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct Answer

Question 1.
In Tamil Nadu, migrants account for percent in rural areas.
(a) 38
(b) 41
(c) 28
(d) 50
Answer:
(b) 41

Question 2.
The driving force among men to migration is _________
(a) work
(b) employment
(c) tourism
(d) both a and b
Answer:
(d) both a and b

Question 3.
_________ Of the international migrants percent are women.
(a) 85
(b) 25
(c) 15
(d) 20
Answer:
(c) 15

Question 4.
Pick out the odd man _________
(a) Australia
(b) the USA
(c) Gulf countries
(d) Uganda
Answer:
(d) Uganda

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. During the colonial period, labourers had moved to other colonies seeking ______
2. Coimbatore has recored ______the number of emigrants next to Chennai.
3. _____is the difference in social status, wealth or opportunity between people or groups.
4. The process of moving from one place to another is known as ______
5. Change in populating occurs due to births, deaths and ______

Answer:

1. work and wages
2. maximum
3. Inequality
4. migration
5. migration

III. Match the following

1. Place of birth – (i) Paul Harris Daniel
2. Red Tea – (ii) Heterogeneous
3. Migration – (iii) Destination
4. Migrant stream – (iv) Lifetime migrant
5. Kuwait – (v) trade

Answer:

1.  – (iv)
2. – (i)
3. – (v)
4. – (ii)
5. – (iii)

IV.Give short answers

Question 1.
Mention the percentage of migrants in India as well as in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1. The percentage of migrants was 37 percent in the country.
2. It was at a much higher rate in Tamil Nadu at 43 percent.

Question 2.
How to determine the extent and nature of migration?
Answer:

1. The extent and nature of migration in any society is basically determined by the nature of the development process experienced by that society.
2. That is, the type and scale of development achieved by the agricultural and industrial sectors in an economy would determine the migratory patterns.

Question.3
What do the extent and nature of the migrant streams depend?
Answer:
The extent and nature of these migrant streams would essentially depend on:

1. Pressures and aspirations experienced by people at the origin of migration.
2. Constraints imposed on mobility at the origin of migration.
3. Opportunities at the destination and availability of information regarding these opportunities.
4. The cost of migration.

V.Answer in detail

Question 1.
Explain the concept of migration.
Answer:

1. In any settlement-village or town change in population occurs due to birth, death and migration.
2. Of these three components of population change, birth and death is clearly identifiable events while migration poses the maximum amount of problem with regards to its definition and measurement.
3. As almost everyone keeps moving most of the time, it is not easy to define which of these moves have to be classified as migratory moves.
4. In the Census of India, migration is enumerated on two bases – Place of birth and Place of residence.

Question 2.
Write a short note on “Red Tea”.
Answer:

1. “Red Tea” is a very well known novel written by Paul Harris Daniel.
2. The novel portraits the slavery life of plantation workers in Valparai.
3. This novel depicts the blood-stained history of the workers that is hidden behind the green cover of the hills.
4. This novel has been translated in Tamil by R. Murugavel in the name “Eriyum Panikkaadu” (6TifliL|LD usfilaafi
5. The story starts with Karupan migrating to the hills with his wife in search of survival.
6. The narrator of this story is Dr. Daniel, who comes there to treat the plantation employees.

VI. Write the correct statement

Question 1.
One usually associates mobility with female rather than male.
Answer:
One usually associate mobility with male rather than female.

Question 2.
Of the total migrants in Tamil Nadu, 65 percent have migrated toward rural areas.
Answer:
Of the total migrants in Tamil Nadu, 65 percent have migrated or moved abroad.

Question 3.
Work is the major factor responsible for female migrants in India.
Answer:
Work is the major factor responsible for male migrants in India.

Question 4.
Of the international migrants, 15 percent are men while 85 percent are women.
Answer:
Of the international migrants, 15 percent are women while 85 percent are men.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Guide Pdf Prose Chapter 2 Hobby Turns into A Successful Career Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Prose Chapter 2 Hobby Turns into A Successful Career

8th English Guide Hobby Turns into A Successful Career Text Book Back Questions and Answers

WARM-UP (Text Book Page No. 35)

Look at the picture. Discuss in pairs and share your answers with you friends.

1. What is the girl doing?

Answer:
The girl is painting a picture.

2. What is the man doing? Will you like to do it? Why?

Answer:
The man is cooking. I don’t like doing it because I don’t want my finger cut.

3. Do you like gardening? Why?

Answer:
Yes, I like gardening, because it is a hobby first. The garden gives us fresh vegetables, flowers so gardening is both beneficial and a pastime.

4. What are the benefits of taking up cycling as a hobby?

Answer:
Cycling is truly a hobby. This is one of the best exercises both for our body and heart. It increases stamina.

8th English Guide Hobby Turns into A Successful Career Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Section – I

Read and Understand (Text Book Page No. 37)

A. Say true or false:

1. Mani’s hobby is playing cricket.
Answer:
False

2. Hobbies are unique to people.
Answer:
True

3. People have hobbies only to pass the time
Answer:
False

B. Choose the correct answer:

1. Mani imagined a world with
a) music and musicians
b) building and sculptures
c) magic and magicians.
Answer:
c) magic and magicians

2. When Mani started writing things, he was unable to
a) describe them accurately
b) describe them fluently
c) describe them imaginatively
Answer:
a) describe them accurately

3. Mani feels writing is like
a) painting the voice
b) engraving the voice
c) designing the voice
Answer:
a) painting the voice

Section – II

Read and Understand (Text Book Page No – 39)

A. Say true or false.

1. Ajay Garg is an artist.
Answer: True

2. Asha Devi taught Ajay the miniature painting.
Answer: True

3. Ajay displayed 150 paintings.
Answer: True

4. Ajay was awarded by the Indian president Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
Answer: True

B. Answer the following questions:

1. What was Ajay gifted with?
Answer:
Ajay was gifted with the skill of painting.

2. How was he honored?
Answer:
He was honored and awarded a national award of accomplishment from the Indian President Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam, in 2004.

3. What is Ajay’s current goal?
Answer:
Ajay’s current goal was to re-energies the dying art of traditional Miniature Indian paintings.

4. Is Aj ay’s hobby become a successful career? How?
Answer:
Yes, because he turned his hobby into a successful career.

Section – III

Read and Understand (Text Book Page No.41)

A. Fill in the blanks:

1. Mani’s grandfather noticed it and helped him by reading ………………..
Answer:
bedtime stories

2. Ajay mastered the techniques of ……………….
Answer:
Preparing colours and brushes

3. Ilavazhagi won her first match against ……………..
Answer:
her father

B. Choose correct synonyms for the italic word.

1. Writing is a unique hobby
a) common
b) beneficial
c) uncommon
d) separate
Answer:
d) separate

2. Ajay started to paint happily.
a) depressed
b) joyfully
c) unhappily
d) sadly
Answer:
b) joyfully

3. Miniature paintings depict Indian culture.
a) warp
b) portray
c) twist
d) falsify
Answer:
b) portray

C. Choose correct antonyms for the italic word.

1. Ajay suffered an injury.
a) sorrow
b) endure
c) hurt
d) mourn
Answer:
b) endure

2. Ajay mastered the techniques of painting.
a) skilled
b) proficient
c) unskilled
d) experienced
Answer:
c) unskilled

3. Ilavazhagi won the world championship in
a) win
b) succeed
c) defeat
d) well-skilled
Answer:
c) defeat

D. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

1. What happened to Ajay at the age of three?
Answer:
Ajay suffered an injury at the age of three. He was treated, but that treatment left him permanently deaf.

2. What did Asha Devi teach Ajay?
Answer:
She taught him the old and dying technique of “Traditional Indian Miniature Painting”.

3. Why writing is beneficial according to Mani?
Answer:
According to Mani, writing opens his mind to think beyond the little things with a broader mind. It makes him more passionate about his life, and learn new things.

E. Answer the following question in 100 words.

1. How did Ajay’s father find his son’s talent?
Answer:
Ajay Kumar Garg is a skilled young artist, lives in Jaipur, India. At the age of three, he suffered an injury in his ears. He had taken many treatments, but they were ineffective and left him permanently deaf. One day his father had bought him a paint set to play. Ajay started to play joyfully. He used to paint on the walls, and floors, etc. Whenever he .used the paint set he remained happy in his life. It was noticed by his father, and soon he realised that he was talented in painting.

2. Write a note on Illavalaghi:
Answer:
Ilavazhagi was one among the many to achieve their dream amidst all odds. Her father was a district-level champion in carom. He used to put her on the Carom board to listen to the sound of strikers and coins. Her father took her to the local clubs frequently. When Ilavazhagi won her first match against her father, she gained confidence. This confidence led her to win the Asia Cup, SAARC Cup, and the world championship. She won a lot of trophies. She won the 2008 Indian National Carom Championship and became a world champion in the women’s singles. Her passion for Carom made her succeed in life.

Vocabulary (Text Book Page No. 42)

Singular and Plural.
Write the plural form of the given words:

 COMPOUND WORDS (Text Book Page No. 44)
A. Match the following compound words and write them:

B. Choose the best answer to make a compound word:
1. Which can be placed after ‘soft’?
a) play
b) ware
c) run
d) cycle
Answer:
b) ware

2. Which can be placed before ’light’?
a) try
b) sun
c) horse
d) cat
Answer:
b) sun

3. Which can be placed after ‘safe’?
a) chair
b) guard
c) shop
d) van
Answer:
b) guard

4. Which can be placed after ‘blue’?
a) cane
b) print
c) see
d) land
Answer:
b) print

5. Which can be placed after ‘water’?
a) food
b) stick
c) fall
d) out
Answer:
c) fall

Listening (Text Book Page No. 44)

Questions on passage and answers.
Note: The listening passage is given on page no. 226
1. What is philately?
Answer:
Stamp collecting hobby is known as philately.

2. What is Numismatics?
Answer:
The hobby of collecting coins from different countries is called Numisonatics.

3. Do you know where the rarest and the most beautiful shells are found?
Answer:
The rarest and the most beautiful shells are found in the Indo-Pacific, Caribbean, and Mediterranean regions.

4. Painting can help unleash your creative side. How?
Answer:
Painting relaxes our mind and helps us focus better.

5. What is your friend’s hobby? How does it differ from yours? Discuss and write.
Answer:
My friend’s hobby is web-browsing. It is different from my hobby of gardening. His hobby is an amazing hobby. We can learn about things that are thousands of kilometers away with just a few clicks. We can also share all the wonderful information with our friends.

SPEAKING (Book Page No. 45)

Naveen: Hi Ajay! How are you?
Ajay: I am Fine, and what about you?
Naveen: I am fine too. What are you doing in this early morning?
Ajay: I am taking care of my garden. The garden is running to weeds.
Naveen: oh! What a beautiful garden it is!
Ajay: It is beautiful as I work every day in it.
Naveen: Who helps you in your work?
Ajay: I have done this. It is my and who I have cultivated vegetable hobby.
Naveen: Oh! that’s nice. How long have you been doing this?
Ajay: I have been doing this for …….
Naveen : ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Ajaj : ………………………………………………………………………………………..
Naveen : ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Ajaj : ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Naveen : ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:
Naveen: Hi Ajay! How are you?
Ajay: I am Fine, and what about you?
Naveen: I am fine too. What are you doing in this early morning?
Ajay: I am taking care of my garden. The garden is running to weeds.
Naveen: oh! What a beautiful garden it is!
Ajay: It is beautiful as I work every day in it.
Naveen: Who helps you in your work?
Ajay: I have done this. It is my and who I have cultivated vegetable hobby.
Naveen: Oh! that’s nice. How long have you been doing this?
Ajay: I have been doing this for three years.
Naveen: Who gave you the idea of gardening?
Ajay: I had it out of my own interest.
Naveen: I also want to do something useful to spend my spare time.
Ajay: You can also do gardening because it will give you enjoyment as well as a lot of benefits, such as getting fresh vegetables and flowers.
Naveen : If you help me, I will start it from tomorrow onwards.

WRITING (Text Book Page No. 48)
Develop the following hints:
1. Tortoise – hare – forest – Tortoise walking- seen by a hare- hare laughs – tortoise speed – Tortoise sad – bet – race – Tortoise moving- slow speed – Hare moves – fast – sleeps- tortoise – reaches winning point – first – Wins the bet.

HARD WORK NEVER FAILS
Once there lived a tortoise and a hare in the forest. One day the hare saw the tortoise walking slowly. The hare laughed at the tortoise is speed. The tortoise felt very sad. One day they agreed to bet a race between them. The tortoise moved slowly but the hare moved as fast. When the hare saw the tortoise was coming slowly, it started to sleep. Meanwhile, the tortoise reached the winning point first and won the match.

2. Akbar – Birbal – courtiers jealous of Birbal – ask Akbar – test Birbal wiseness – Courtier puts a question – How many crows in Agra – Birbal asks for a week – everyday sitting on the terrace – looking at the crows- after a week – courtier asks – Birbal says 156757 crows – asks the courtier to check- Akbar laughs.

BIRBAL THE WISE
Akbar and Birbal were good friends. The courtiers were jealous of Birbal. They asked the king Akbar to test his wiseness. The courtiers put a question to Birbal that how many crows were in Agra. Birbal asked them for a week to say the answer. Every day he looked at the crows by on the terrace. After a week the courtiers asked him to say the answer. Birbal said that there were 56757 crows in. Agra. He asked them to check it. Akbar laughed at it.

3. A woodcutter – cutting wood – dropped his ax in the pond – started weeping – an angel appeared – asked what the matter was – brought a golden axe – from the pond – woodcutter did not accept – brought a silver axe – not accepted – brought an iron axe – accepted – pleased with the honesty – offered all the axes to him.

PERSISTENCE WILL SUCCEED
A woodcutter lived in a village. One day he was cutting the wood near to the pond. He dropped his ax into the pond unexpectedly. He started weeping. An angel appeared before him suddenly and asked him what the matter was. The angel brought a golden ax from the bond but he refused to accept it. Again the angel brought a silver axe but he did not accept it. When the angel brought an iron axe he did accept it immediately. The angel was pleased with his honesty and offered him all the axes.

ADJECTIVES (Text Book Page No. 47)

a. Fill in the blanks:

Let’s compare two things:
1. Which is faster a train or a plane?
A plane is faster than a train.
2. Which is cheaper gold or silver?
Silver is cheaper than gold.
3. Which is larger, city or village?
City is larger than village.
4. Which is bigger, a sea or an ocean?
An ocean is bigger than the sea.
5. Which is taller, a giraffe or a camel?
A giraffe is taller than a camel.

Let’s compare three things:
1. Town – city – village (quiet)
Village is quiet.
The town is quieter than city Village is the quietest.

2. Istanbul – Moscow – London (populated)
London is populated country.
Moscow is more populated than London. Istanbul is the most populated country.

3. Windy weather – warm weather – rainy weather (good)
Windy weather is good.
Warm weather is better than windy weather.
Rainy weather is the best.

4. Ocean – river – lake (deep)
River is deep.
Lake is deeper than river Ocean is the deepest.

5. The USA – Russia – Spain (large)
Spain is large country.
Russia is larger than in Spain.
The USA is the largest country.

6. The Mahanadi – The Cauvery – The Ganga (long)
The Mahanadi is a long river.
The Cauvery is longer than the Mahanadi.
Ganga is the longest river.

7. Chennai – Hyderabad – Bengaluru (modern)
Bengaluru is a modem city.
Hyderabad is more modem than Bengaluru.
Chennai is the most modem city.

8. Giraffe – Horse – goat (tall)
Goat is a tall animal.
Horse is a taller than Goat.
Giraffee is the tallest animal.

9. Elephant – Cat – Dog (strong)
Cat is a strong animal.
Dog is stronger than Cat.
Elephant is the strongest animal.

10. Maharastra – Tamilnadu – Rajasthan (hot)
Maharastra is a hot state.
Tamilnadu is a hotter state than Maharastra.
Rajasthan is the hottest state.

Hobby Turns into A Successful Career Summary in English

Mani, is guided by his grandfather to have reading as his habit. Hobbies are activities of spare time. Reading habit made Mani, a writer. Mani is happy to be writer. It gives him pleasant new experiences and new ideas. Writing is his passion. Writing makes him feel like a free bird.

Hobby Turns into A Successful Career Summary in Tamil

மணி என்ற பையன் தன் தாத்தாவின் அறிவுரையை ஏற்று வாசித்தலை தன் பொழுதுபோக்காக ஆக்கிக் கொள்கிறான். வாசிப்பு பழக்கம் மணியை எழுத்தாளர் ஆக்கியது. எழுத்தாளர் தொழில் மகிழ்ச்சி தருவதாகவும், இனிய புதிய கருத்துக்களையும் அனுபவங்களையும் தருவதாய் மணி சொல்கிறார். எழுதுதல் தனக்கு உயிர் போன்றது என்றும் எழுதுதல் தனக்கு பறவை போன்ற சுதந்தித்தை தருவதாகவும் மணி கூறுகிறார்.

Glossary Text Book Page No. 79

Synonyms

 Antonyms

Glossary (Text Book Page No – 81)

Synonyms

  Antonyms

Glossary (Text Book Page No.83)

Synonyms

Antonyms