Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Solutions Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems

Question 1.
The following table summarizes the supply, demand and cost information for four factors S1, S2, S3, S4 Shipping goods to three warehouses D1, D2, D3.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 1
Find an initial solution by using north west corner rule. What is the total cost for this solution?
Solution:
The given transportation table is
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 2
Here total supply = 5 + 8 + 7+14 = 34
Total amount =7 + 9 + 18 = 34
(i.e) Total supply = Total demand.
∴ The given problem is balanced transformation problem.
We can find an initial basic feasible solution to the given problem.
First allocation:
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 3
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 4
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 5
Transportation schedule:
S1 → D1; S2 → D1; S2 → D2;
S3 → D2; S3 → D3; S4 → D3
The transportation cost:
= (5 × 2) + (2 × 3) + (6 × 3) + (3 × 4) + (4 × 7) + (14 × 2)
= 10 + 6 + 18 + 12 + 28 + 28
= 102

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems

Question 2.
Consider the following transportation problem
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 6
Determine an initial basic feasible solution using (a) Least cost method (b) Vogel’s approximation method.
Solution:
(a) Least cost method
Given transportation table is
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 7
Total Availability = Total Requirement = 100
∴ The given problem is balanced transformation problem.
Hence there exists a feasible solution to the given problem
First allocation:
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 8
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 9
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 10
Here
x12 = 10; x13 = 20; x21 = 30;
x22 = 10; x24 = 10; x32 = 20
Transportation Scheme:
O1 → D2; O1 → D3; O2 → D1;
O2 → D2; O2 → D4; O3 → D2
The transportation cost:
=(10 × 8) + (20 × 3) + (30 × 4) + (10 × 5) + (10 × 4) + (20 × 2)
= 80 + 60 + 120 + 50 + 40 + 40
= 390

(ii) Vogel’s approximation method:
Here Σai = Σbj = 100
∴ The given problem is balanced transformation problem.
Hence there exists a feasible solution to the given problem
First allocation:
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 11
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 12
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 13
Here
x11 = 30; x13 = 20; x22 = 20;
x24 = 10; x32 = 20
Transportation Scheme:
O1 → D1; O2 → D3; O2 → D2;
O2 → D4; O3 → D2;
Total transportation cost:
= (30 × 5) + (20 × 3) + (20 × 5) + (10 × 4) + (20 × 2)
= 150 + 60 + 100 + 40 + 40
= 390

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems

Question 3.
Determine an initital basic feasible solution to the following transportation problem by using (i) North West Corner rule (ii) least cost method.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 14
Solution:
(i) North West Corner rule:
The given transportation table is
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 15
Total supply = 25 + 35 + 40 = 100
Total Requirement = 30 + 25 + 45 + 100
(i.e) Total supply = Total requirement.
∴ The given problem is balanced transformation problem.
Hence there exists a feasible solution to the given problem
First allocation:
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 16
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 17
Transformation schedule:
S1 → D1; S2 → D1; S2 → D2;
S3 → D3; S3 → D3;
The transformation cost:
= (25 × 9) + (5 × 6) + (25 × 8) + (5 × 4) + (40 × 9)
= 225 + 30 + 200 + 20 + 360 = 835

(ii) Least cost method
The given transportation table is
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 18
(i.e) Total supply = Total requirement = 100
∴ The given problem is balanced transformation problem.
Hence there exists a feasible solution to the given problem
First allocation:
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 19
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 20
Transportation schedule:
S1 → D3; S2 → D3; S3 → D1
S3 → D2;
The transportation cost:
= (10 × 5) + (35 × 4) + (15 × 7) + (25 × 6) + (40 × 9)
= 50 + 140 + 105 + 150 + 360 = 805

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems

Question 4.
Explain Vogel’s approximation method by obtaining initial basic feasible solution of the following transportation problem.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 21
Solution:
The given transportation table is
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 22
Here Σai = Σbj =17
(i.e) Total supply = Total Demand
∴ The given problem is balanced transformation problem.
Hence there exists a feasible solution to the given problem
First allocation:
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 23
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 24
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 25
Here
x11 = 1; x12 = 5; x24 = 1;
x31 = 6; x33 = 15;
Transportation schedule:
O1 → D1; O1 → D2; O2 → D4
O3 → D1; O3 → D3
The transportation cost:
=(1 × 2) + (5 × 3) + (1 × 1) + (6 × 5) + (3 × 15) + (1 × 9)
= 2 + 15 + 1 + 30 + 45 + 9
= 102

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems

Question 5.
A car hire company has one car at each of five depots a,b,c,d and e. A customer in each of the fine towers A, B, C, D and E requires a car. The distance (in miles) between the depots (origins) and the towers (destinations) where the customers are given the following distance matrix.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 26
How should the cars be assigned to the customers so as to minimize the distance travelled?
Solution:
Here the number of rows and columns are equal.
∴ The given assignment problem is balanced.
Step 1.
Select the smallest element in each row and subtract this from all the elements in its row.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 27

Step 2.
Select the smallest element in each column and subtract this from all the elements in its column.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 28

Step 3. (Assignment)
Examine the rows with exactly one zero, mark the zero by □ mark other zeros, in its column by X
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 29

Step 4.
Now Examine the rows with exactly one zero, mark the zero by □ mark other zeros, in its column by X
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 30

Step 5.
Cover all the zeros of table 4 with three lives. Since three assignments were made please note that check [✓] Row C and E which have no assignment.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 31

Step 6.
Develop the new revised tableau. Examine those elements that are not covered by a line in Table 5. Take the smallest element in each row and subtract from the uncovered cells, depots
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 32

Step 7.
Go to step 3 and repeat the procedure until you arrive at an optimal assignments.
depots

Step 8.
Determine an assignment
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 33
Here all the five assignments have been made. The optimal assignment schedule and total distance is
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 34
∴ The optimum Distance (minimum) 575 kms

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems

Question 6.
A natural truck – rental service has a surplus of one truck in each of the cities 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 and a deficit of one truck in each of the cities 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. The distance (in kilometers) between the cities with a surplus and the cities with
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 35
How should the truck be dispersed so as to minimize the total distance travelled?
Solution:
Here the number of rows and columns are equal.
∴ The given assignment problem is balanced.
Step 1.
Select the smallest element in each row and subtract this from all the elements in its row.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 36

Step 2.
Select the smallest element in each column and subtract this from all the elements in its column.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 37

Step 3.
Examine the rows with exactly one zero, mark the zero by □ mark other zeros, in its column by X
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 38

Step 4.
Examine the Columns with exactly one zero. If there is exactly one zero, mark that zero by □ mark other zeros in its rows by X
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 39

Step 5.
Cover all the zeros of table 4 with five lines. Since three assignments were made
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 40

Step 6.
Develop the new revised tableau. Examine those elements that are not covered by a line in Table 5. Take the smallest element. This is l(one) in our case. By subtracting 1 from the uncovered cells.
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 41

Step 7.
Go to step 3 and repeat the procedure until you arrive at an optimal assignments.

Step 8.
Determine an assignment
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 42
Here all the six assignments have been made. The optimal assignment schedule and total distance is
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 43
∴The optimum Distance (minimum) = 125 kms

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems

Question 7.
A person wants to invest in one of three alternative investment plans: Stock, Bonds and Debentures. It is assumed that the person wishes to invest all of the funds in a plan. The pay – off matrix based on three potential economic conditions is given in the following table
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 44
Solution:
Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems 45
(i) Maximin
Max (3000, 1000, 6000) = 6000. Since the maximum pay of is 6000, the alternative ‘Debentures’, is selected.

(ii) Minimax
Min (10000, 8000, 6000) = 6000, Since the minimum pay-off is 6000. the alternative ‘Debentures’ is selected.

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Business Maths Guide Chapter 10 Operations Research Miscellaneous Problems