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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Solutions History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Who was the first President of the Madras Mahajana Sabha?
(a) T.M. Nair
(b) P. Rangaiah
(c) G. Subramaniam
(d) G.A. Natesan
Answer:
(b) P. Rangaiah

Question 2.
Where was the third session of the Indian National Congress held?
(a) Marina
(b) Mylapore
(c) Fort St. George
(d) Thousand Lights
Answer:
(d) Thousand Lights

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 3.
Who said “Better bullock carts and freedom than a train deluxe with subjection”?
(a) Annie Besant
(b) M. Veeraraghavachari
(c) B.P. Wadia
(d) G.S. Arundale
Answer:
(a) Annie Besant

Question 4.
Which among the following was SILF’s official organ in English?
(a) Dravidian
(b) Andhra Prakasika
(c) Justice
(d) New India
Answer:
(c) Justice

Question 5.
Who among the following were Swarajists?
(a) S. Satyamurty
(b) Kastunrangar
(c) P. Subbarayan
(d) Periyar EVR
Answer:
(a) S. Satyamurty

Question 6.
Who set up the satyagraha camp in Udyavanam near Madras?
(a) Kamaraj
(b) Rajaji
(c) K. Santhanam
(d) T. Prakasam
Answer:
(d) T. Prakasam

Question 7.
Where was the anti-Hindi Conference held?
(a) Erode
(b) Madras
(c) Salem
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(c) Salem

Question 8.
Where did the congress volunteers clash with the military during Quit India Movement?
(a) Erode
(b) Madras
(c) Salem
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(d) Madurai

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

II. Fill in the blanks

  1. ………………… was appointed the first Indian Judge of the Madras High Court.
  2. The economic exploitation of India was exposed by ………………… through his writings.
  3. Nilakanta Brahmachari started the secret society named …………………
  4. The starting of trade unions in Madras was pioneered by …………………
  5. The Dravidian Association Hostel for non-Brahmin students was established by …………………
  6. ………………… formed the first Congress Ministry in Madras.
  7. ………………… was the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League.
  8. ………………… hoisted the national flag atop Fort St. George on 26 January 1932.

Answers:

  1. T. Muthuswami
  2. G. Subramaniam
  3. Bharata Matha Society
  4. B.P.Wadia
  5. C. Natesanar
  6. C. Rajaji
  7. Yakub Hasan
  8. Bashyam

III. Choose the correct statement

Question 1.
(i) Madras Native Association was founded in 1852.
(ii) Tamil nationalist periodical Swadesamitran was started in 1891.
(iii) The Madras Mahajana Sabha demanded conduct of civil services examinations only in India
(iv) V.S. Srinivasanar was an extremist.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (iii) is correct
(c) (iv) is correct
(d) All are correct
Answer:
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) EVR did not participate in the Non- Cooperation Movement.
(ii) Rajaji worked closely with Yakub Hasan of the Muslim League.
(iii) Workers did not participate in the Non- Cooperation Movement.
(iv) Toddy shops were not picketed in Tamil Nadu.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (i) and (iii) are correct
(c) (ii) is correct
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(c) (ii) is correct

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 3.
Assertion (A): The Justice Party opposed the Home Rule Movement.
Reason (R): The Justice Party feared that Home Rule would give the Brahmins more power.
(a) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(b) A is correct but R is wrong
(c) Both A and R are wrong
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
Answer:
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 4.
Assertion (A): EVR raised the issue of representation for non-Brahmins in legislature.
Reason (R): During the first Congress Ministry, Rajaji abolished sales tax.
(a) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(b) A is correct but R is wrong.
(c) Both A and R are wrong.
(d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
Answer:
(b) A is correct but R is wrong.

IV. Match the following
Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu 4
Answers:
A. (iv)
B. (v)
C. (ii)
D. (iii)
E. (i)

V. Answer the following questions briefly

Question 1.
List out the contribution of the moderates.
Answer:
The primary contribution of the moderates lies in exposing the liberal claims of the British. They exposed how the British exploited India, and their hypocrisy in following democratic principles in England but imposing an unrepresentative government in colonies.

Question 2.
Write a note on the Tirunelveli Uprising.
Answer:

  1. V.O Chidambaranar with Subramania Siva an organising the mill workers in Thoothukudi and Tirunelveli.
  2. In 1908 he led a strike in the European owned coral mills. It coincided with the release of Bipin Chandra Pal.
  3. In celebrate the release of Bipin Chandra Pal V.O.C and Subramania Siva organised a public meeting.
  4. The two leaders were charged with sedition and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment.
  5. The news of the arrest sparked riots in Tirunelveli leading to the burning down of the Police Station, Court Building and Municipal Office.
  6. It led to the death of four people in police firing. V.O.C was treated harshly.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 3.
What is the contribution of Annie Besant to India’s freedom struggle?
Answer:
Annie Besant started the Home Rule League. She wrote two books and a pamphlet on self-government. Members of the movement played a key role in organising working classes through trade unions.

Question 4.
Mention the various measures introduced by the Justice Ministry.
Answer:
The Justice Ministry introduced “Various measures for the benefit of Non – Brahmins, They were

  1. Reservation of appointments in local bodies and education institutions.
  2. Establishment of Staff Selection Board which later became the Public Service Commission.
  3. Enactment of Hindu Religious Endowment Act.
  4. Madras State Aid to Industries Act.
  5. Abolition of Devadasi system.
  6. Allotment of waste Government lands (Poromboke) to the poor for housing.
  7. Extension of primary education to the depressed classes through fee concessions, scholarships and mid – day meals.

Question 5.
Write briefly on EVR’s contribution to the constructive programme?
Answer:
E.V. Ramaswamy campaigned for the promotion and sale of khadi, opposed the consumption of liquor, and played a key role in the satyagraha for temple entry in Vaikom. Gandhi called him Vaikom Hero for his contribution against caste discrimination and agitation for temple entry.

Question 6.
What is Cheranmadevi Gurukulam controversy?
Answer:

  1. To further the cause of national education a gurukulam was established in Cheranmadevi by V.V Subramanianar. It received funds from congress.
  2. Students were discriminated on the basis of caste.
  3. They were made to dine separately and the food served too was different.
  4. The issue was brought to the notice of E.V.R who questioned and severely criticised it along with another leader Dr. RVaradarajulu.
  5. The Cheranmadevi Gurukulam controversy and opposition to communal representation within the congress led to E.V.R (Periyar) to leave the Congress.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 7.
Why was anti-Hindi agitation popular?
Answer:
The anti-Hindi agitation was popular because Hindi was considered a form of Aryan and North Indian imposition which was detrimental to Tamil language and culture.

Question 8.
Outline the key incidents during the Quit India Movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
On 8th August 1942 Quit India resolution was passed. The entire congress leadership was arrested overnight.

  1. At every railway station the policemen waited with a list of local leaders and arrested them when they got down.
  2. Kamaraj who saw this on his return from Bombay conference slipped from police arrest. He then worked underground and organised the people during Quit India Movement.
  3. All sections of society participated in the movement.
  4. There were many instances of violence such as setting fire to post offices Vellore and Panapakkam.
  5. Gutting of telegraph lines.
  6. Congress volunteers clashed with the Military in Madurai.
  7. Disrupting railway traffic trains derailed in Coimbatore.
  8. There were police firings at Rajapalayam, Karaikudi and Devakottai.

These were some of the key incidents.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

VI. Answer the questions given under each caption

Question 1.
Early Nationalist Movement in Tamil Nadu

(a) What were the objectives of Madras Native Association?
Answer:
The objective of Madras Native Association was to promote the interests of its members and reduction of taxes. It also protested against the government’s support to missionary activities.

(b) What led to the emergence of nationalist press in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
The entire press opposed the appointment of the first South Indian judge of the Madras High Court in 1878. This led to a need of a nationalist press to express the Indian perspective. The Hindu was started in 1878 and soon became a vehicle for nationalist propaganda.

(c) What were the demands of Madras Mahajana Sabha?
Answer:
The demands of Madras Mahajana Sabha were to conduct civil services examinations simultaneously in England and India, abolition of India Council in London, reduction of taxes, and reduction of civil and military expenditure.

(d) Who were the early nationalist leaders in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Some early nationalists in Tamil Nadu were: V.S. Srinivasa Sastri, P.S. Sivasamy Iyer, V. Krishnasamy Iyer, T.R. Venkatrama Sastri, G.A. Natesan, T.M. Madhava Rao and S. Subramania Iyer.

Question 2.
Revolutionary Movement In Tamil Nadu:

(a) List a few revolutionaries in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
M.P.T. Acharya, V.V. Subramanianar and T.S.S. Rajan were few of the revolutionaries in Tamil Nadu.

(b) Why did Subramania Bharati moved to Pondicherry?
Answer:
To avoid imprisonment, Subramania Bharati moved to Pondicherry.

(c) Name a few of the revolutionary literature.
Answer:
Few of the Revolutionary literature were India, Vijaya and Suryodayam.

(d) What did Vanchinathan do?
Answer:
Vanchinathan of Senkottai, influenced by Bharatha Matha Society, shot dead Robert W.D’E. Ashe collector of Tirunelveli in Maniyachi junction.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 3.
Non-Brahmin Movement

(a) Why was the South Indian Liberal Federation formed?
Answer:
The South Indian Liberal Federation was formed to promote the interests of non-Brahmins.

(b) What is the Non-Brahmin Manifesto?
Answer:
The Non-Brahmin Manifesto had objectives such as reservation of jobs for non-Brahmins in government service and seats in representative bodies. It opposed the Home Rule Movement and criticised Congress as a party of Brahmins.

(c) Why did EVR join the Non-Brahmin Movement?
Answer:
EVR joined the non-Brahmin movement because he felt the Congress was promoting the interests of Brahmins alone.

(d) What do you know about anti-Hindi agitation?
Answer:
A massive campaign was led by EVR against the introduction of Hindi as a compulsory subject in schools. The anti-Hindi agitation was popular because Hindi was considered a form of Aryan and North Indian imposition. EVR organized an anti-Hindi conference. More than ‘ 1200 protesters were arrested at a rally. The subject was later removed after protests.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

VII. Answer in detail

Question 1.
Discuss the response to Swadeshi Movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
The Swadeshi Movement made a deep impact in Tamil Nadu. The congress carried on Vigorous campaign for boycott of Foreign goods.

Prominent leaders who played a Key role:

V.O.Chidambaranar, V.Chakkaraiyar, Subramania Bharati and Surendranath Arya.

  1. The extremist leader Bipin Chandrapal toured Madras and delivered lectures.
  2. Inspired by his speech students and youths widely participated in the Swadeshi Movement.

Propagation of Swadeshi ideals:
Many journals were started to propagate Swadeshi ideals the prominent among them were swadesamitran and India.

Mobilisation of people:

  1. Public meetings were organised in various parts of Tamil Nadu. Thousands of people attended it.
  2. For the first time was used on the public platform.

Awakening and inculcating patriotic spirit:
Subramania Bharati’s patriotic songs were especially the most important in stirring the patriotic emotions of the people.

Question 2.
Examine the origin and growth of Non-Brahmin Movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
As there was rapid growth of education in Madras Presidency, there was an increase in the number of educated non-Brahmins. They began to raise the issue of caste discrimination and unequal opportunities in employment and representation in elected bodies. The Congress also mainly consisted of Brahmins. The non-Brahmins then began to organise themselves into political organisations to protect their interests, such as the Madras Dravidian Association and the South Indian Liberal Federation. A non-Brahmin manifesto was also released.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 3.
Describe the role of Tamil Nadu in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Answer:

  1. Transformation of congress: In the 1920’s congress with Gandhi in leadership was transforming in to a broad based movement in Tamil Nadu.
  2. The Madras session of the Indian National Congress in 1927 declared complete independence as its goal.
  3. In the 1929 Pooma Swaraj was adopted as the goal at Lahore session of Congress.
  4. In 1930 Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement by setting out on a salt satyagraha with a march to a Dandi.

Role of Tamil Nadu:

  1. Tamil Nadu was in the forefront of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
  2. In city of Madras shops were picketed and foreign goods boycotted.

Salt Satyagraha: Rajaji organised and led a Salt Satyagraha to Vedaranyam. The march started from Trichirapalli to Vedaranyam on 13th April 1930 and reached Vedaranyam in Thanjavur district on 28th April.

Special Song: Composed by Ramalinganar (Nammakkal Kavingnar) for the March.

Leaders who participated: T.S.S.Rajan, C.Swaminathar, Rukmani Lakshmipathi, Sardar Vedarathnam and K.Santhanam.

Agitations: The Satyagraha’s under the leadership of T.Prakasan and K.Nageswara Rao set up a camp at Udayavanani near Madras. Police arrested them that led to Hartal in Madras. Clashes with the police in Tiruvallikeni lasted for three hours on 27th April 1930 left three dead.

Response from the people:

  1. Mill workers struck work across the province.
  2. Women participated enthusiastically.
  3. Volunteers attempted to offer Salt Satyagraha at Rameswaram, Thoothukudi, Uvari, Anjengo, Veppalodai, and Tharuvaikulam were stopped and arrested.

Important Event: Bhashyam popularly known as Arya, hoisted the national flag atop St. George Fort on 26th January 1932. Satyamurti, actively picketed shops selling foreign clothes, organised processions and distributed pamphlets.

Martyrdom of Tirupur Kumaran: On January 1932 a procession carrying national flags singing patriotic songs were brutally beaten up by police in Tirupur. Tirupur Kumaran fell dead holding the flag a loft. Thus civil Disobedience movement was one of the mass movements in Tamil Nadu.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

VIII. Activity

Question 1.
Students can be asked to write a sentence or two about the important places of freedom struggle in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Important Places of freedom struggle in Tamil Nadu a sentence or two about each place.

Madras:

  1. Thousands lights: Third session of Indian Nation Congress was held in 1887 with Badruddin Tyabji as president 362 members participated out of 607 were from Madras.
  2. Thoothukudi: Swadesh ships plied from Thoothukudi to Colombo launched ’ by the Swadeshi steam Navigation company of V.O.Chidambaranar.
  3. Tirunelveli: Mill workers led a strike under Swadeshi Movement.
  4. Pondicherry: Haven for the revolutionists Maniyachi junction (Tirunelveli). Collector W.D’E. Ashe was shot dead by a revolutionary youth Vanchinathan.
  5. Adayar (Madras): Home Rule Movement was started by Annie Besant in 1916.
  6. Marina Beach: On 18th March 1919 Gandhi addressed a meeting on Marina Beach against ‘Black Act’ (Rowlatt Act).
  7. Tiruchirapalli: Salt March started from here.
  8. Vedaranyam: Salt march led by Rajaji ended by breaking salt law.
  9. Thirupur: Martyrdom of Kumaran holding National Flag.
  10. Madurai: Temple entry programme with Harijans in Meenakshi amman temple was organised.
  11. Salem: Anti Hindi agitation.
  12. Coimbatore: V.O. Chidambaranar made to pull oil press in the prison.

Question 2.
Role Play: Students can be divided into groups and asked to debate the -views of the Moderates, Extremists, Revolutionaries, Annie Besant’s supporters, Justice Party, and British Government.
Answer:
Characters:

  1. British Government – Police forces, and Governor
  2. Revolutionaries – Arbindo Gosh, Vanchinathan Bharathi (Songs)
  3. Justice party – E.V.R (Periyar)
  4. Moderates – V.O.Chidambaranar, Subramaniya siva, Rajaji, Satyamurti
  5. Extremist – Bipin Chandra Pal

Debate Between

  1. Justice party – EVR and Rajaji on the issue of Hindi as a compulsory language at schools and temple entry incident.
  2. Extremists and moderates – Prochangers and No changers.
  3. British Government and Revolutionaries.

The class can be divided into three groups each to represent (3 + 3)

2 persons can be selected for each group to represent the character. Character allotment can be given by the teacher concerned and the students are requested to prepare the dialogues.

Points for Debate can be selected from the events (in Tamil Nadu as given in the lesson) Swadeshi Movement, Anti Hindi Agitation, Vedaranyam Salt March, Vaikom Satyagraha Quit India Movement, Non – Cooperation Movement.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct Answer

Question 1.
Madras Native Association was formed in the year:
(a) 1825
(b) 1806
(c) 1852
(d) 1860
Answer:
(c) 1852

Question 2.
In 1908 Bharathiar organized a huge public meeting to celebrate ……………
(a) Swaraj day
(b) Birthday
(c) Republic day
Answer:
(a) Swaraj day

Question 3.
One of the prominent moderate who attended the meeting in Madras before the formation of Indian National Congress:
(a) Gokhale
(b) Bharathiyar
(c) Aurobindo Gosh
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer:
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji

Question 4.
The person who is called Kappalotiya Tamizhan ……………..
(a) V.O.C
(b) Bharathiyar
(c) Gandhiji
Answer:
(a) V.O.C

Question 5.
The extremist leaders …………………. inspired many youths to join the Swadeshi movement in Madras.
(a) Aurobindo Gosh
(b) Nilakanta Brahmachari
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal
(d) Mrs. Annie Besant
Answer:
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 6.
Gandhi’s ‘Do or Die’ slogan came during which movement?
(a) Non-cooperation Movement
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Khilafat Movement
Answer:
(b) Quit India Movement

Question 7.
…………………. championed the cause of ‘Criminal Tribes’ of Tamil Nadu.
(a) Yakub Hasan
(b) V.V.Somayajulu
(c) George Joseph
(d) Maulana Shaukat Ali
Answer:
(c) George Joseph

Question 8.
The Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company was launched at ………..
(a) Colombo
(b) Madras
(c) Vellore
(d) Thoothukudi
Answer:
(d) Thoothukudi

Question 9.
…………………. was one of the epicenter of Khilafat agitation.
(a) Chennai
(b) Vaniyambadi
(c) Arakkonam
(d) Coimbatore
Answer:
(b) Vaniyambadi

Question 10.
Who gave the slogan “A war is ahead sans sword, sans bloodshed…”?
(a) T. Prakasham
(b) Namakkal V Ramalingam
(c) N. M. R. Subbaraman
(d) K. Kamraj
Answer:
(b) Namakkal V Ramalingam

Question 11.
…………………. arrived in Madras on 18th February 1929 greeted with hartals, demonstrations etc.
(a) Torture commission
(b) Cripps mission
(c) Simon commission
(d) Prince of Wales
Answer:
(c) Simon commission

Question 12.
In the elections held in …………………. the Swarajists won the majority seats in Madras.
(a) 1924
(b) 1926
(c) 1927
(d) 1906
Answer:
(b) 1926

Question 13.
At Vedaranyam …………………. broke the salt law by picking up salt along with 12 volunteers.
(a) T. Prakasam
(b) K. Nageswara Rao
(c) K. Kamaraj
(d) C. Rajaji
Answer:
(d) C. Rajaji

Question 14.
E.V.R. left the congress and started the …………………. movement.
(a) Swadeshi
(b) Quit India
(c) Self Respect
(d) Civil Disobedience
Answer:
(c) Self Respect

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 15.
In Tamil Nadu …………………. were led by S. Srinivasanar and S.Satyamurthi.
(a) Swarajists
(b) Satyagrahis
(c) Mill workers
(d) Zamindars
Answer:
(a) Swarajists

II. Fill in the blanks

  1. ……………….. contributed much to the development of education and amelioration of the depressed classes.
  2. Introduction, of ……………….. helped the educated Indian middle class to fought against colonial rule.
  3. Social disability hindered the society imposed by obnoxious ………………..
  4. Madras Native Association was ceased to exist by ………………..
  5. The newspaper ……………….. was started in 1878 became the vehicle of nationalist propaganda.
  6. Swadesamitran periodical became daily newspaper in ………………..
  7. Many of the demands of Madras Mahajana sabha were adopted later by the ………………..
  8. The early nationalists believed in ……………….. methods.
  9. The early nationalists were came to be knowrr as ………………..
  10. Out of a total of 72 delegates who attended the first session of Indian National Congress ……………….. members were from Madras.
  11. ……………….. through his writings advanced the cause of Nationalism.
  12. ……………….. was previously called as ‘Makkis Garden’ where the third session of Indian National congress was held.
  13. ……………….. partriotic songs arouse the patriotic emotions of the people.
  14. V.O.Chidambaranar launched ……………….. in pursuance of Swadeshi at Thoothukudi.
  15. The Swadeshi ships plied between ………………..
  16. ……………….. and ……………….. were the name of the two ships purchased by V.O.Chidambaranar.
  17. V.O.C was treated harshly in prison and was made to pull the ………………..
  18. To avoid imprisonment Subramanya Bharati moved to ………………..
  19. Revolutionaries in Tamil Nadu were trained in revolutionary activities at ………………..
  20. Revolutionary radical papers and Bharati’s poems were banned as ………………..
  21. Revolutionary activities continued till the out break of ………………..
  22. The revolutionary activities were intensified with arrival ……………….. and ……………….. in 1910.
  23. ……………….. of senkottai was influenced by the Bharata Matha society.
  24. ……………….. failed to inspire and mobilize the people despite their patriotism.
  25. The objective of the Bharata Matha Society was to kindle the ……………….. fewer among the people by killing British officials.
  26. At ……………….. the collector of Tirunelveli Robert W.D’E. Ashe was shot dead.
  27. Mrs. Annie Besant started the newspapers ……………….. and ……………….. to carry forward her agenda of Home rule movement.
  28. Under ……………….. Annie Besant was asked to pay hefty amount as security.
  29. ……………….. was elected as the president of the congress session of 1917.
  30. The differences between the two Non-Brahmin leaders ……………….. and ……………….. was solved by CNatesanar.
  31. The ……………….. demanded communal representation.
  32. The ……………….. provided reservation of seats to Non-Brahmins.
  33. After the 1923 elections ……………….. of the Justice party formed the ministry.
  34. The staff selection Board established by the Justice party later became the ………………..
  35. The Rowlat Act was named after ……………….. who headed the committee.
  36. On 18 march 1919 ……………….. addressed a meeting on marina beach to protest against Rowlet Act.
  37. To further the cause of national education a gurukulam was started at ………………..
  38. When Rajaji formed the ministry in 1937 the status of James Neill finally moved to ………………..
  39. For the salt march to Vedaranyam led by C.Rajaji a special song was composed by ………………..
  40. ……………….. was the forst woman to pay penalty for violation of salt laws.
  41. ……………….. fell dead holding the national flag in a procession organised under Civil Disobedience Movement.
  42. Tirupur Kumaran was hailed as ………………..
  43. The ……………….. was trounced in 1937 elections to the Madras province.
  44. ……………….. Act was passed in 1939 for the removal of the civil and social disabilities against the ‘depressed classes’.
  45. The Governor of Madras who took over the administration removed ……………….. as compulsory subject after the resignation of the congress ministry.

Answers:

  1. Christian Missionaries
  2. Western Education
  3. Caste, system
  4. 1862
  5. The Hindu
  6. 1899
  7. Indian National Congress
  8. Constitutional
  9. Moderates
  10. 22
  11. G. Subramaniam
  12. Thousand lights
  13. Subramanya Bharati
  14. Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company
  15. Thoothukudi and Colombo
  16. Gallia, Lavo
  17. heavy oil press
  18. Pondicherry
  19. India House in London and in Paris
  20. Seditious Literature
  21. First World War
  22. Aurobindo Ghosh, V.V.Subramanianar
  23. Vanchinathan
  24. Young revolutionaries
  25. Patriotic
  26. Maniyachi junction
  27. India and Commonweal
  28. Press Act of 1910
  29. Annie Besant
  30. Dr. T.M.Nair, and P.Thyagarayar
  31. Justice party
  32. Act of 1919
  33. Raja of Panagal
  34. Public Service Commission
  35. Sir Sydney Rowlatt
  36. Gandhi
  37. Cheranmadevi
  38. Madras Museum
  39. Namakkal V. Ramalinganar
  40. Rukmani Lakshmipathi
  41. Tirupur Kumaran
  42. Kodikatha Kumaran
  43. Justice party
  44. The Temple Entry Authorisation and Indemnity
  45. Hindi

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

III. Choose the correct statement

Question 1.
(i) Madras Native Association, Madras Mahajan Sabha and the Nationalist press led to the growth of Nationalism in Tamil Nadu.
(ii) Madras Native Association primarily consisted merchants.
(iii) Madras Native Association focussed on reduction in taxation.
(iv) It led to the formation of congress.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
(c) (ii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i) and (iii) are correct
Answer:
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

Question 2.
(i) The educated middle class did not show interest in public affairs.
(ii) The appointment of first Indian Judge to the Madras High court was Criticized by the press.
(iii) The moderates exposed the liberal claims of the British.
(iv) Boycott of foreign goods was not propagated by the congress.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(d) (i) and (iv) are correct
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii) are correct

Question 3.
(i) In 1908 V.O.C led a strike in the European owned Coral Mills.
(ii) V.O.C was given a draconian sentence of two life imprisonments.
(iii) Students and youths did not participated in the Swadeshi Movement.
(iv) Extremists and revolutionaries were not suppressed by the British with . an iron hand.
(a) (i) and (iii) are correct
(b) (iii) and (iv) are correct
(c) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(d) (i) and (ii) are correct
Answer:
(d) (i) and (ii) are correct

Question 4.
Assertion (A): When the National movement was in ebb, Annie Besant proposed the Home Rule Movement.
Reason (R): Home Rule Demanded a nominal allegience to British crown.
(a) A is correct but R is wrong
(b) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
(c) Both A and R are wrong
(d) Both A and R are correct R is not the correct explanation of A.
Answer:
(b) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 5.
Assertion (A): Kamaraj gave the police the slip and got down at Arakkonam worked underground to organise people during quit India movement.
Reason (R): While returning from Bombay he saw the police at every railway station to arrest the local leaders when they got down.
(a) Both A and R are correct R explains A.
(b) Both A and R are wrong
(c) A is correct R is wrong
(d) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are correct R explains A.

Question 6.
Assertion (A): V.O.C and Subramania Siva were charged with sedition and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment.
Reason (R): Both the leaders organised a public meeting to celebrate the release of Bipin Chandrapal.
(a) A is correct R is wrong
(b) A is wrong R is correct
(c) Both A and R are correct R explains A
(d) Both A and R are correct R does not explains A.
Answer:
(c) Both A and R are correct R explains A

Question 7.
Assertion (A): Kumaraswamy of Thiruppur is hailed as Kodikatha Kumaran.
Reason (R): At the procession of agitation as a part of civil obedience he fell dead holding the national flag aloft.
(a) A ands R are correct R is not explaining A
(b) A and R are wrong
(c) A is wrong R is correct
(d) Both A and R correct R explains A.
Answer:
(d) Both A and R correct R explains A.

IV. Match the following

Question 1.
Match the Column I with Column II.
Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu 1
Answer:
A. (ii)
B. (v)
C. (iv)
D. (i)
E. (iii)

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 2.
Match the Column I with Column II.
Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu 2
Answer:
A. (ii)
B. (iv)
C. (v)
D. (i)
E. (iii)

Question 3.
Match the Column I with Column II.
Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu 3
Answer:
A. (v)
B. (iv)
C. (iii)
D. (i)
E. (ii)

V. Answer the question briefly

Question 1.
What do you know about Tirupur Kumaram?
Answer:

  • Tirupur Kumaran was bom in Chennimalai, Erode district in Tamil Nadu.
  • He was a great revolutionary.
  • He participated in the march against the ban on the national flag and he died from injuries sustained from a police assault.
  • Kumaran died holding the flag of the Indian Nationalists.
  • Kumaran is revered as a martyr in Tamil Nadu and is known by the epithet Kodi Kaththa Kumaran.

Question 2.
Name the Newspapers and journals started by Indians to express the Indian perspective.
Answer:
To express the perspective of the Indians “The Hindu, Swadesamitran, Indian patriot, South Indian mail, Madras standard, vijaya’ India, Suryodayam, Desabhimani” were some of the newspapers started and they became the vehicle of nationalist propaganda.

Question 3.
Give an account on Vanchinathan’s role in the struggle for freedom.
Answer:

  1. Vanchinathan was under the service of the state of Travancore.
  2. The activities of the extremists greatly alarmed the British.
  3. The collector Ashe, shot down and killed four extremists in Tirunelveli.
  4. So Vanchinathan wanted to take revenge against the collector.
  5. He secretly went to Maniyachi Railway Station and shot dead Ashe on 17th June 1911 and he himself committed suicide.

Question 4.
Name of the books written by Annie Besant.
Answer:
Annie Besant wrote two books namely.

  1. How India wrought for freedom and
  2. “India” – A nation and a pamphlet on self-Govemment.

Question 5.
Give an account on V.O.C role in the stuggle for freedom.
Answer:

  • In 1907 V.O.C attended the congress sessions held at Surat.
  • He followed the militant leader Bala Gangadhar Tilak and preached his philosophy.
  • He charged with sedition he was sentenced to forty years of imprisonment.

Question 6.
Write a short note on south Indian Liberal Federation (SILF).
Answer:
The Non-Brahmins organised themselves into political organisation to protect their interests. On 20th November a meeting of about thirty Non -Brahmins was held under the leadership of Dr.T.M.Nair P.Thiyagarayar and C.Natesanar at victoria public hall chennai.. The South Indian Liberal Federation (SILF) was founded to promote the interests of Non-Brahmins. It later came to be known as ‘Justice Party’.

Question 7.
How was the freedom struggle in Tamil Nadu unique?
Answer:
The freedom struggle in Tamil Nadu was unique because from the beginning it was not only ‘ a struggle for independence from the English rule but also a struggle for independence from the social disability imposed by the obnoxious caste system.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 8.
When and where the meeting Rowlatt Sathyagraha held? Who addressed it?
Answer:
On 18th March 1919 a meeting was held on Marina Beach and Gandhi addressed the meeting. Later madras Satyagraha sabha was formed.

Question 9.
Throw light on the beginning of the nationalist press in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
When it was realised that press was essential to express the Indian perspective, people like G. Subramaniam, M. Veeraraghavachari and four other friends together started a newspaper The Hindu in 1878. Soon it became the vehicle of nationalist propaganda. G Subramaniam also started a Tamil nationalist periodical Swadesamitran in 1891 which became a daily in 1899. The founding of The Hindu and Swadesamitran provided encouragement to the starting of other native newspapers such as Indian Patriot, South Indian Mail, Madras Standard, Desabhimani, Vijaya, Suryodayam, and India.

Question 10.
Describe briefly the Non-cooperation Movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu was very active during the Non-cooperation Movement under the leadership of C Rajagopalachari and E V Ramaswamy. Rajaji worked closely with Yakub Hasan, the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League. As a result, the Hindus and Muslims cooperated closely during the movement in Tamil Nadu. A Congress volunteer corps of about 1000 members was set up to distribute pamphlets, carry flags during processions and to maintain order in the meetings.

VI. Answer all the questions Given under each caption

Question 1.
Salt march to vedaranyam

(a) What was in forefront of the civil disobedience movement in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Demonstrations, hartals, staging of Swadeshi dramas and songs were the order of the day both in rural and urban areas of Tamil Nadu.

(b) How was the movement in Madras city?
Answer:
In the city of Madras as a part of civil Disobedience movement shops were picketed and foreign goods were.boycotted.

(c) Who organised and led the Salt Satyagraha March to Vedaranyam?
Answer:
Rajaji organised and led the Salt Satyagraha March ro Vedaranyam.

(d) From where and when does the march started and reached Vedaranyam?
Answer:
The march started from Trichirapalli on 13th April 1930 and reached Vedaranyam in (Tanjore district) on 28th April.

Question 2.
Swarajists-Justicites Rivalry
(a) Who were ‘no-changers’? Who were ‘pro-changers’?
Answer:
‘No-changers’ wanted to continue the boycott of the councils and ‘pro-changers’ wanted to ’ contest the elections for the councils.

(b) What did Rajaji oppose? Name two persons who supported him.
Answer:
Rajaji opposed the council entry. The two persons who supported him were Kasturi Ranga Iyengar and M. A. Ansari.

(c) Who formed Swaraj Party?
Answer:
Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru together formed the Swaraj Party.

(d) Who led the Swarajists in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
S. Srinivasa Iyengar and S. Satyamurthi led the Swarajists in Tamil Nadu.

Question 3.
Non-cooperation Movement in Tamil nadu

(a) Name the leaders provided leadership during non-cooperation movement in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
E.V.Ramaswamy (Periyar) and C.Rajaji provided the leadership for non – cooperation movement.

(b) Who was the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League?
Answer:
Yakub Hasan was the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League.

(c) What was set up as a part of Non-cooperation movement?
Answer:
A Congress volunteer corps was set up a part of Non – cooperation movement.

(d) How did these volunteers assist?
Answer:
The volunteers corps distributed pamphelts, carry flags during processions and to maintain order in the meetings and also in picketing of liquor shops.

Question 4.
No tax – Campaigns and Temperance Movement

(a) Where did the No-tax campaigns take place?
Answer:
A no-tax campaign took place in Thanjavur.

(b) How did the people show their protest?
Answer:
Councils, schools and courts and foreign goods were boycotted and a number of workers’ strikes took place all over.

(c) What was one of the important aspects of the movement in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
One of the important aspects of the movement in Tamil Nadu was the ‘Temperance Movement or Movement against liquor’.

(d) What was the Act for which the communities agitated?
Answer:
The communities agitated against the criminal Tribes Act.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

VII. Answer In detail

Question 1.
Explain the contribution of Madras Mahajana Sabha.
Answer:
Madras Mahajana Sabha:

  1. It was established by M. Veeraraghavachari, P. Anandacharlu, P. Rangaiah.
  2. P. Rangaiah Naidu was elected the first president of the Sabha.

The contributions of Madras Mahajana Sabha:

  1. The Madras Mahajana Sabha has contributed a lot for our national freedom.
  2. The Sabha voiced out the fundamental right of our country men.
  3. It had developed very close relationship with the Indian National Congress since 1920.
  4. In 1930, the Sabha organised the Salt Sathyagraha Movement in Madras George Town. Esplanade the high court and beach areas. The members were attacked savagely by the British police.
  5. When the British government banned the congress party. Madras Mahajana Sabha conducted numerous exhibition and Swadesh exhibition.
  6. These exhibition instigated patriotic feelings in the hearts of our country men.

Question 2.
What were the scenario of Tamil Nadu during the Quit India movement?
Answer:

  1. On 8th August 1942 Quit India Resolution was passed and Gandhi gave the slogan ‘Do or Die’.
  2. It was an undying mass movement.
  3. K. Kamaraj worked underground and organised people during the quit India movement.
  4. The movement was wide spread in Tamil Nadu.
  5. All section of society participated in this movement.
  6. There were large number of workers strike such as strikes in Bukingham and camatic Mills, Madras Port Trust, Madras, Corporation and Madras Tramway.
  7. Telegraph and Telephone lines were cut and public buildings were burnt at Vellore and Panapakkam.
  8. The airport in Sulur was attacked and trains derailed in Coimbatore.
  9. Congress volunteers clashed with the military in Madurai.
  10. There were police firings at Rajapalayam Karaikudi and Devakottai.
  11. Many young men and women also joined Indian National Army.
  12. Students of various colleges took active part in the protests.
  13. The Quit India Movement was suppressed by the British with brutal force.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide History Chapter 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

Question 3.
Under what circumstances did E. V. R. leave the Congress?
Or
What was Cheranmadevi Gurukulam controversy? How did it lead E. V. R. to leave the Congress?
Answer:
(i) E. V. Ramaswamy, popularly known as E. V. R. played an active role in Tamil Nadu
during the freedom struggle of India. But he was not satisfied with the Congress because he felt that it was promoting the interests of the Brahmins alone.

(ii) To further the cause of national education, a Gurukulam was established in Cheranmadevi by V. V. S. Iyer. It received funds from the Congress. However, students were discriminated on the basis of caste.

(iii) Brahmin and non-Brahmin students were made to dine separately and the food served too was different. The issue was brought to the notice of E. V. R. in 1925 who questioned the practice and severely criticized it along with another leader, Dr. P. Varadarajulu.

(iv) In Kanchipuram Conference of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee held on 21 November 1925, he raised the issue of representation for non-Brahmins in the legislature. But his efforts to achieve this since 1920 had met with failure.

(v) When the resolution was defeated, E. V. R. left the Conference along with other non-Brahmin leaders who met separately. Soon he left the Congress and started the Self-respect Movement. Thus, the Cheranmadevi Gurukulam controversy and opposition to communal rengress led E. V. R. leave the Congress.